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Muhammad Shoaib Bhutta,Tang Xuebang,Shakeel Akram,Chen Yidong,Xiancheng Ren,Muhammad Fasehullah,Ghulam Rasool,Muhammad Tariq Nazir 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.114 No.-
Graphene and its oxides are the most extensively studied, fascinating 2-dimensional Sp2 carbon hybridizedmaterials. Due to its superior and excellent thermal conductivity, it is considered to be a practicalsolution for the thermal dissipation of electric machines electronic components. Furthermore, grapheneoxide invariably reduces electrical insulation capability, which is inappropriate for electrical machinesrequiring low electrical and high thermal conductivity. Therefore, we have created 2D-3D hybrid grapheneoxide (GO)-diamond (DM) micro-composite polyimide (PI) films for high temperature and electricallyinsulated environments of electric machines such as motors and generators. With a modest fillingcharge of 10 wt% GO with 10% diamond (DM), the maximum thermal conductivity of 1.83 Wm-1K1 isachieved for polyimide micro composite and is almost 11 times higher than that of pristine PI films. The 10% PI/GO/DM micro composite films also show lower electrical conductivity than other samples. Hybrid fillers with high thermal and low electrical conductivities are responsible for synergistic improvementsin experimental results.
Draz, Umar,Ali, Tariq,Zafar, Nazir Ahmad,Alwadie, Abdullah Saeed,Irfan, Muhammad,Yasin, Sana,Ali, Amjad,Khattak, Muazzam A. Khan Electronics and Telecommunications Research Instit 2021 ETRI Journal Vol.43 No.3
In the task of data routing in Internet of Things enabled volatile underwater environments, providing better transmission and maximizing network communication performance are always challenging. Many network issues such as void holes and network isolation occur because of long routing distances between nodes. Void holes usually occur around the sink because nodes die early due to the high energy consumed to forward packets sent and received from other nodes. These void holes are a major challenge for I-UWSANs and cause high end-to-end delay, data packet loss, and energy consumption. They also affect the data delivery ratio. Hence, this paper presents an energy efficient watchman based flooding algorithm to address void holes. First, the proposed technique is formally verified by the Z-Eves toolbox to ensure its validity and correctness. Second, simulation is used to evaluate the energy consumption, packet loss, packet delivery ratio, and throughput of the network. The results are compared with well-known algorithms like energy-aware scalable reliable and void-hole mitigation routing and angle based flooding. The extensive results show that the proposed algorithm performs better than the benchmark techniques.