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Mohamed, Hend Omar,Obaid, M.,Poo, Kyung-Min,Ali Abdelkareem, Mohammad,Talas, Sawsan Abo,Fadali, Olfat A.,Kim, Hak Yong,Chae, Kyu-Jung Elsevier 2018 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.349 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Iron/iron oxide (Fe/Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>) nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of different carbonaceous anode materials: carbon felt (CF), carbon cloth (CC), and graphite (G) as an effective catalyst to improve the anode performance of microbial fuel cell (MFC) based on the real industrial wastewater. Interestingly, the results of the characterization indicated the novel structure of the iron nanoparticles enveloped with a thin layer of iron oxide formed on the anode surfaces. This novel structure enhances the surface wettability of the electrode, the degradation reactions rate of organic compounds, and the microorganism adhesion on the electrode surface, and decreases the electron transfer resistance. Therefore, the generated power and current were considerable improved, where, the generated power was increased by 385%, 170%, and 130%, for the CF, CC, and G electrodes, respectively. Moreover, the MFC based on the modified electrodes achieved the excellent removal percentage (more than 80%) of organic compounds from wastewaters: This study presents a new approach for MFC application on a large scale based on low-cost and high-efficiency anodes for simultaneous power generation and wastewater treatment.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fe/Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanoparticles as catalyst layer were fabricated by electro deposition. </LI> <LI> Catalyst layer enhances the surface wettability of carbonaceous anode materials. </LI> <LI> Significantly increasing in produced power was achieved based on modified anodes. </LI> <LI> The modified anodes were used in MFC to treat the wastewater and produce energy. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Mohamed, Hend Omar,Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali,Obaid, M.,Chae, Su-Hyeong,Park, Mira,Kim, Hak Yong,Barakat, Nasser A.M. Elsevier 2017 Chemical engineering journal Vol.326 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A novel nanoflakes of cobalt sheathed with cobalt oxide is electrodeposited on four different carbonaceous anodes; carbon cloth (CC), carbon paper (CP) graphite (G) and activated carbon (AC), to introduce as high-performance anodes of microbial fuel cell (MFC). Interestingly, characterizations results indicated that novel metallic nanoflakes that sheathed by a thin layer of cobalt oxide were formed on the surface of the different anode materials. Moreover, using a simple and effective electrodeposition technique for fabricating of cobalt/cobalt oxide nanoflakes is introduced to overcome the hydrophobicity and the interfacial electron transfer of the anodes. The thin layer of cobalt/cobalt oxide nanoflakes significantly enhanced the microbial adhesion, the wettability of the anode surface and decrease the electron transfer resistance. Alternatively, the toxicity risk of the pure cobalt is overcome by the cobalt oxide layer. The application of the modified anodes in an air-cathode MFCs fed by industrial wastewater resulted in a significant improving in cell performance for the different anode materials. Where, the observed increasing in the power was 103, 137, 173 and 71% for the CC, CP, G and AC electrodes, respectively. This proposed treatment technique represented a high-performance, excellent microbial adhesion, easy fabrication and scale-up anodes for MFC.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Cobalt oxides-sheathed cobalt nano flakes was deposited on anodes using electrodeposition. </LI> <LI> The modified anodes were used in MFC to treat the wastewater and produce energy. </LI> <LI> The modified anodes shows promising results in single air-cathode MFC. </LI> <LI> The results of the modified anodes were strongly enhanced compared to the pristine anodes. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali,Sayed, Enas Taha,Mohamed, Hend Omar,Obaid, M.,Rezk, Hegazy,Chae, Kyu-Jung Elsevier 2020 Progress in energy and combustion science Vol.77 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy with high efficiency. The high cost of platinum catalysts and sluggish reaction kinetics are the main challenges in the development of low-temperature fuel cells. Although significant efforts have been made to prepare effective non-precious-metal-based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts, suitable anodic catalysts are still far from realization. The reported onset potential of a nonprecious anodic catalyst toward low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons, such as methanol, ethanol, and urea, in alkaline media is approximately 0.35 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), which is far from the theoretical potentials of −0.61, −0.54, and −0.55 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), respectively. Therefore, some researchers concluded that nonprecious anodic catalysts are not practical, taking into account the ORR potential of 0.2 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) in alkaline media. Recently, however, several reports demonstrated an open-circuit voltage (OCV) of more than 0.8 V using non-precious-metal-based anodic catalysts, which contradicts expectations. Therefore, to answer these conflicting claims, this review intensively discusses the possibility of using nonprecious metals, for example Ni-based catalysts, for actual electricity generation in direct (methanol, ethanol, and urea) fuel cells, and the different methods applied to achieve the highest values of OCV. Also, the progress done in the preparation of nonprecious anodic catalysts is reviewed. Finally, conclusions and recommendations to prepare durable and active fuel cells using non-precious-metal-based anodic catalysts are presented.</P>
Mohamed, Hend Omar,Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali,Park, Mira,Lee, Jinpyo,Kim, Taewoo,Prasad Ojha, Gunendra,Pant, Bishweshwar,Park, Soo-Jin,Kim, HakYong,Barakat, Nasser A.M. Elsevier 2017 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.42 No.38
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study investigates the effect of cation exchange membrane (CEM) diffusion layers on cathode potential behavior in microbial fuel cells based on a cobalt electrodeposited anode that works in actual industrial wastewater. The structural properties of the modified anode materials were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which showed a strong and clear biofilm layer on the anode surface. Additionally, the structural properties of the utilized cathode materials were evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques, which confirmed the transfer of cobalt ions through the CEM to the cathode surface. Finally, the performance of the modified anode material with various CEMs as diffusion layers was investigated in air-cathode microbial fuel cells. The results indicate that the metal electrodeposition strategy, which utilizes multiple CEM layers, enhanced the power and current generation by 498.2 and 455%, respectively. Moreover, the Columbic efficiency (CE) increased by 77%, 154.5%, and 232% for the MFC with one, two and three CEM layers, respectively.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Multilayer-cation exchange membrane enhanced cathode potential of MFC. </LI> <LI> Electro deposition of cobalt significantly improved the anode activity. </LI> <LI> Multilayer CEM and Co deposition increased power by 498.2% and current by 455%. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Eisa, Tasnim,Mohamed, Hend Omar,Choi, Yun-Jeong,Park, Sung-Gwan,Ali, Rafeeah,Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali,Oh, Sang-Eun,Chae, Kyu-Jung Elsevier 2020 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.45 No.10
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A highly electroactive nickel nanorod (NNR)/nickel foam (NF) electrode was fabricated for direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) using a simple and cost-effective hydrothermal process. The Ni/NiO nanorods were successfully grown on the surface of an NF electrode, which strongly enhanced the anode wettability and increased surface area by 18 times (11.9 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP>), resulting in interfacial polarization resistance reduction. The NNR/NF electrode shows high electro-catalytic activity and great stability during alcohol oxidation. The current densities obtained for NNR/NF were four (479 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>) and six (543 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>) times higher than that for pristine NF in the cases of methanol and ethanol oxidations, respectively. This high current density can be attributed to the superhydrophilic surface of the Ni/NiO nanorods and corresponding high mass transfer capability between the electrolytes and Ni/NiO nanorods embedded on the surface of the electrodes. This study presents a new approach for using the novel NNR/NF as a cheap and high performance anode in DAFCs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Unique Ni/NiO nanorods coated nickel foam (NNR/NF) electrodes were synthesized. </LI> <LI> Ni/NiO nanorods were grown on nickel foam through a simple hydrothermal process. </LI> <LI> Ni/NiO nanorods on the surface of NF enhanced wettability and area by 18 times. </LI> <LI> NNR/NF demonstrated 5-fold higher current generation than pristine NF electrode. </LI> <LI> Highly electrocatalytic NNR/NF showed efficient MeOH and EtOH electrooxidation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Barakat, Nasser AM,Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali,El-Newehy, Mohamed,Kim, Hak Yong Springer 2013 Nanoscale research letters Vol.8 No.1
<P>In this study, the influence of the morphology on the electrocatalytic activity of nickel oxide nanostructures toward methanol oxidation is investigated. Two nanostructures were utilized: nanoparticles and nanofibers. NiO nanofibers have been synthesized by using the electrospinning technique. Briefly, electrospun nanofiber mats composed of polyvinylpyrolidine and nickel acetate were calcined at 700°C for 1 h. Interestingly, compared to nanoparticles, the nanofibrous morphology strongly enhanced the electrocatalytic performance. The corresponding current densities for the NiO nanofibers and nanoparticles were 25 and 6 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, respectively. Moreover, the optimum methanol concentration increased to 1 M in case of the nanofibrous morphology while it was 0.1 M for the NiO nanoparticles. Actually, the one-dimensional feature of the nanofibrous morphology facilitates electrons' motion which enhances the electrocatalytic activity. Overall, this study emphasizes the distinct positive impact of the nanofibrous morphology on the electrocatalytic activity which will open a new avenue for modification of the electrocatalysts.</P>