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집중영어캠프 학습자의 다독능력에 대한 단어 해석의 효과
마이크마이스너 ( Mike Misner ) 한국외국어대학교 외국어교육연구소 2008 외국어교육연구 Vol.22 No.1
다독이란 교실과 가정에서 쉽고 재미있는 책을 많이 읽는 것을 의미한다. 한국에서 다독은 여전히 새로운 현상이므로 학생들과 그들이 접할 수 있는 교재, 특히 수준별로 나눠줘 있는 독해 책에 인지적인 수준과 언어적인 수준 사이의 간격을 볼 수 있다. 즉, 적절한 언어 수준에 맞는 이야기들은 내용적으로 유치한 면이 있으며, 적절한 인지 수준에 맞는 책들은 긴 이야기, 많은 등장인물, 이야기의 복잡성 때문에 언어적으로 이해하기 어려울 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 적절한 인지 수준과 언어 수준의 책들을 학생들이 읽도록 선정되었고, 그 책에 나오는 어려운 영어 단어 아래에 한국말 해석을 해 줌으로써 학생들이 교재에 나오는 단어의 96-99%를 이해할 수 있도록 해 주었다. 본 연구는 서울에서 2주 집중영어캠프에서 읽기 수준이 똑같은 초등학교 5학년과 6학년 학생들이 12일 동안 하루에 책 1권을 토론하는 방식으로 행해졌다. 연구의 결과로서는 어려운 단어 해석이 되어있는 책을 읽은 학생들이 단어해석이 되어있지 않은 똑같은 책을 읽은 학생들보다 독해 이해 능력이 뛰어나고, 더 많은 어휘도 배울 수 있었다는 것을 보여주었다. Extensive reading means reading lots of easy interesting books in class and at home. In Korea, extensive reading is still a new phenomenon and as such there is still a gap between the cognitive and linguistic levels of the students and the materials, specifically graded readers, available for them. That is, stories of the appropriate linguistic level are too childish and books of the appropriate cognitive level, which desirably have longer stories, more characters, and more plot twists, are inaccessible linguistically. Therefore, books of higher cognitive and linguistic levels were selected for students to read. The texts were glossed by writing the Korean translation under the difficult English words, so the students would still be able to understand 96-99% of the vocabulary in the texts. This study took place at a two week immersion camp in Seoul. 5th and 6th grade students of the same level read and discussed one book per day for 12 days. The results of the study show that students who read books with in-text gloss had better textual comprehension and learned more vocabulary than a control group who read the same graded readers with no gloss.
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Sercan Akyalcin,Kenner Misner,Jeryl D. English,Wick G. Alexander,J. Moody Alexander,Ron Gallerano 대한치과교정학회 2017 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.47 No.2
Objective: To analyze the long-term changes in maxillary arch widths and buccal corridor ratios in orthodontic patients treated with and without premolar extractions. Methods: The study included 53 patients who were divided into the extraction (n = 28) and nonextraction (n = 25) groups. These patients had complete orthodontic records from the pretreatment (T1), posttreatment (T2), and postretention (T3) periods. Their mean retention and postretention times were 4 years 2 months and 17 years 8 months, respectively. Dental models and smiling photographs from all three periods were digitized to compare the changes in three dental arch width measurements and three buccal corridor ratios over time between the extraction and nonextraction groups. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance tests. Post-hoc multiple comparisons were made using Bonferroni correction. Results: Soft-tissue extension during smiling increased with age in both groups. The maximum dental width to smile width ratio (MDW/SW) also showed a favorable increase with treatment in both groups (p < 0.05), and remained virtually stable at T3 (p > 0.05). According to the MDW/SW ratio, the mean difference in the buccal corridor space of the two groups was 2.4 ± 0.2% at T3. Additionally, no significant group × time interaction was found for any of the buccal corridor ratios studied. Conclusions: Premolar extractions did not negatively affect transverse maxillary arch widths and buccal corridor ratios. The long-term outcome of orthodontic treatment was comparable between the study groups.
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Jinan Corinne Banna,Marla Reicks,Carolyn Gunther,Rickelle Richards,Christine Bruhn,Mary Cluskey,Siew Sun Wong,Scottie Misner,Nobuko Hongu,N Paul Johnston 대한지역사회영양학회 2016 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.10 No.4
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Setting healthful beverage expectations, making calcium-rich foods and beverages (CRF/B) available, and role modeling are parenting practices promoting calcium intake among early adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate emotion-based messages designed to motivate parents of early adolescents to perform these practices. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Emotion-based messages were developed for each parenting practice and tested in 35 parents from 5 states. Findings were used to modify messages and develop a survey administered via Amazon MechanicalTurk to a convenience sample of Asian (n = 166) and Hispanic (n = 184) parents of children 10-13 years. Main outcome measures were message comprehension, motivation, relevance, acceptability, and novelty. Engagement in the parenting practices was also assessed. RESULTS: Message comprehension was acceptable for the majority of parents. Most also agreed that messages were motivational (setting healthful beverage expectations (69.0%), making CRF/B available (67.4%), and role modeling (80.0%)), relevant and acceptable. About 30-50% indicated they had not seen the information before. Many parents indicated they were already engaging in the practices (> 70%). No racial/ethnic differences were observed for responses to messages or engaging in parenting practices. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that emotion-based messages designed to motivate parents to engage in parenting practices that promote calcium intake among early adolescents were motivating, relevant, and acceptable.
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Banna, Jinan Corinne,Reicks, Marla,Gunther, Carolyn,Richards, Rickelle,Bruhn, Christine,Cluskey, Mary,Wong, Siew Sun,Misner, Scottie,Hongu, Nobuko,Johnston, N Paul The Korean Nutrition Society 2016 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.10 No.4
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Setting healthful beverage expectations, making calcium-rich foods and beverages (CRF/B) available, and role modeling are parenting practices promoting calcium intake among early adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate emotion-based messages designed to motivate parents of early adolescents to perform these practices. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Emotion-based messages were developed for each parenting practice and tested in 35 parents from 5 states. Findings were used to modify messages and develop a survey administered via Amazon MechanicalTurk to a convenience sample of Asian (n = 166) and Hispanic (n = 184) parents of children 10-13 years. Main outcome measures were message comprehension, motivation, relevance, acceptability, and novelty. Engagement in the parenting practices was also assessed. RESULTS: Message comprehension was acceptable for the majority of parents. Most also agreed that messages were motivational (setting healthful beverage expectations (69.0%), making CRF/B available (67.4%), and role modeling (80.0%)), relevant and acceptable. About 30-50% indicated they had not seen the information before. Many parents indicated they were already engaging in the practices (> 70%). No racial/ethnic differences were observed for responses to messages or engaging in parenting practices. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that emotion-based messages designed to motivate parents to engage in parenting practices that promote calcium intake among early adolescents were motivating, relevant, and acceptable.
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