Throughput of QoS Guaranteed Wireless Systems With/Without Channel State Information

Qin, Meng,Yang, Qinghai,Yang, Jian,Kwak, Kyung Sup,Rao, Ramesh R. IEEE 2017 IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology VT Vol.66 No.7

<P>In this paper, we investigate the throughput of wireless systems in the presence of random data arrivals and quality-of-service (QoS) requirements, which are statistically characterized by the queueing-bound violation probability. By combining the concepts of effective capacity and effective bandwidth, we propose a unified analytical framework to investigate the achievable throughput. Employing the proposed unified framework, we further acquire the explicit expressions of the throughput of QoS guaranteed wireless systems with the channel state information (CSI) known/unknown at the transmitter. Specifically, the acquired throughput is characterized by the first-and second-order statistics of the random data arrivals, and it is shown that the QoS requirements affect the throughput by the second-order statistics of the random data arrivals and the random data transmissions. In addition, our theoretical analysis demonstrates that the throughput under QoS constraints is tighter than the conventional stable throughput, and that the first-order statistic of the random data arrivals is sufficient to characterize the throughput when the system can tolerate an arbitrarily long queueing delay. In particular, we prove that the queueing-bound violation probability decays exponentially with the queueing bound. Finally, simulation results corroborate the theoretical analysis.</P>

Dual stimuli-responsive polymeric prodrug consisting of reversible covalent bonded celastrol for tumor targeted delivery

Jiangtao Su,Meng Rao,Heshuang Dai,Le Cai,Fan Ye,Lu Ye,Yuchen Hu,Ban Chen,Xiaoxia Guo 한국고분자학회 2024 Macromolecular Research Vol.32 No.2

In this work, pH/GSH-responsive amphiphilic polymeric prodrug (EDA-GLA/CE/2-FPBA) was successfully prepared and could self-assembled into micelles in an aqueous solution. The EDA-GLA/CE/2-FPBA micelles possessed high stability in physiological condition and were pH and GSH sensitive due to the reversible borate ester bonds and disulfide bonds within the prodrug polymer. The structures of the prodrug polymers were characterized by NMR, FTIR, UV–vis spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering measurement indicated that the resulting micelles have desirable size distribution and regular spherical shape. Free active Celastrol can be released under low pH and high GSH environment; In vitro cellular uptake and growth inhibition assays suggested that the blank polymer micelles showed good biocompatibility. EDA-GLA/CE/2-FPBA micelles were more efficiently internalized by monolayer tumor cells and demonstrated superior tumor targeting effects as compared to free Celastrol control. These results demonstrated that the novel prodrug self-assembled dual-responsive nano-delivery platform was able to improve the bioavailability and tumor targeting activity of Celastrol, which provides a basis for further clinical applications of Celastrol and its derivatives.

Energy efficient millimetre-wave fronthaul and OFDMA resource optimisation in C-RANs

Jing, Zewei,Qin, Meng,Yang, Qinghai,Kwak, Kyung-Sup,Rao, Ramesh R. Institution of Electrical Engineers 2018 IET communications Vol.12 No.13

Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Chilling Injury during Low-temperature Storage of Kiwifruit cv. Hongyang Exposed to Gradual Postharvest Cooling

Qingzhen Yang,Jingping Rao,Shunchao Yi,Kun Meng,Jianfeng Wu,Yali Hou 한국원예학회 2012 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.53 No.6

Kiwifruits (Actinidia chinensis cv. Hongyang) were treated by direct cooling and gradual cooling to investigate the effect of cooling treatment on chilling injury. The direct cooling fruits were immediately cooled at 0℃ after harvest. The gradual cooling fruits were held for 3 days at 5℃ (from 5℃ to 0℃), or for 7 days at 2℃(from 2℃ to 0℃), or decreased in temperature from 15℃ to 5℃ by 5℃ at 1 days intervals and then maintained at 5℃ for 3 days plus a subsequent period of of 7 days at 2℃ (from 15℃ to 0℃). After the above treatments, then those fruit were stored at 0 ± 0.5℃, 90% to 95% RH for 80 days. Gradual cooling (from 15℃ to 0℃) significantly maintained higher percentage of accepted fruit and lower chilling injury index and chilling injury incidence of fruit compared with the direct cooling. Some attributes were then assayed in the fruits treated with gradual cooling (from 15℃ to 0℃). Gradual cooling (from 15℃ to 0℃) inhibited increases in membrane permeability, malondialdehyde content, superoxide anion production rate, and H2O2 content. At the same time, fruit cooled gradually (from 15℃ to 0℃) exhibited higher superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and peroxidase activities than those treated by direct cooling during storage. The present study indicated that enhancement in antioxidant enzyme activity may be attributed to the reduction in CI symptoms by the gradual cooling treatment (from 15℃ to 0℃).

Integration and Reanalysis of Four RNA-Seq Datasets Including BALF, Nasopharyngeal Swabs, Lung Biopsy, and Mouse Models Reveals Common Immune Features of COVID-19

Alberts Rudi,Chan Sze Chun,Meng Qian-Fang,He Shan,Rao Lang,Liu Xindong,Zhang Yongliang 대한면역학회 2022 Immune Network Vol.22 No.3

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread over the world causing a pandemic which is still ongoing since its emergence in late 2019. A great amount of effort has been devoted to understanding the pathogenesis of COVID-19 with the hope of developing better therapeutic strategies. Transcriptome analysis using technologies such as RNA sequencing became a commonly used approach in study of host immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. Although substantial amount of information can be gathered from transcriptome analysis, different analysis tools used in these studies may lead to conclusions that differ dramatically from each other. Here, we re-analyzed four RNA-sequencing datasets of COVID-19 samples including human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, nasopharyngeal swabs, lung biopsy and hACE2 transgenic mice using the same standardized method. The results showed that common features of COVID-19 include upregulation of chemokines including CCL2, CXCL1, and CXCL10, inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and alarmin S100A8/S100A9, which are associated with dysregulated innate immunity marked by abundant neutrophil and mast cell accumulation. Downregulation of chemokine receptor genes that are associated with impaired adaptive immunity such as lymphopenia is another common feather of COVID-19 observed. In addition, a few interferon-stimulated genes but no type I IFN genes were identified to be enriched in COVID-19 samples compared to their respective control in these datasets. These features are in line with results from single-cell RNA sequencing studies in the field. Therefore, our re-analysis of the RNA-seq datasets revealed common features of dysregulated immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and shed light to the pathogenesis of COVID-19.

Triple two‑level inverter with high DC‑voltage conversion ratio and capacitor voltage self‑balancing

Bihua Hu,Mengzhou Zhang,Bumin Meng,Zhi Zhang,Jinqing Linghu,Huabing Rao 전력전자학회 2024 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.24 No.5

Currently, many inverters employ inductors to boost the AC voltage. However, this leads to increased current distortion and limits the voltage boosting capability of the inverter. To address the above issue, a triple two-level inverter is proposed in this paper. The proposed inverter adopts a switched-capacitor boost circuit to boost the AC output voltage and to generate a multi-level voltage. Simultaneously, a three-phase full-bridge circuit is assigned to convert the DC voltage into AC voltage. In addition, a novel space vector modulation strategy is introduced to achieve capacitor voltage self-balance. Finally, simulation and experimental platforms have been established to verify the effectiveness of proposed inverter. The obtained results show that the proposed inverter meets the requirements for the expected inverter.

Phenylboronic acid-functionalized gelatin–oleic acid nanoparticles for high loading and efficient transdermal delivery of Celastrol towards the treatment of psoriasis

Jiangtao Su,Na Lin,Xiangyu You,Heshuang Dai,Meng Rao,Lu Ye,Fan Ye,Le Cai,Yuxin Chen,Gao Zhou,Xiaoxia Guo 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.11

Systemic toxicity, poor aqueous solubility, and poorly cell permeable ability hindered the clinical application of Celastrol. In this study, we aimed to design and synthesize an amphiphilic conjugate to encapsulate Celastrol into micelles to improve its water solubility, cellular membrane penetration, improving the clinic translation potential of Celastrol for the treatment of psoriasis. For this purpose, we first synthesized gelatin and oleic acid conjugate (GOC-1), and then covalently bonded 4-(3-boronophenylamino)-4-oxobutanoic acid (BPOA) with GOC-1 to form a stable GOC-2 conjugate which can self-assemble into micelles in aqueous solution. Celastrol (Cel) was physically encapsulated into the core of GOCs micelles. The dynamic stability, particle size, drug release, zeta potential, drug-loading efficiency, and surface morphology of Cel/loaded GOCs nano-micelles were determined. In addition, cell viability, cellular uptake of Cel/loaded GOC-2, and skin permeation and in vivo anti-psoriasis effect of Cel-loaded GOC-2 were investigated. Our results have shown that Cel/loaded GOC-1 and Cel/loaded GOC-2 have spherical shapes with diameters of around 200–300 nm. Compared to GOC-1, GOC-2 micelles showed higher drug-loading efficiency and excellent permeation ability in vitro. Moreover, Cel/GOC-2 micelles reduced erythema and white scales on the dorsal skin of psoriatic mice. In conclusion, BPOA attached GOC nanoparticles as a Celastrol carrier not only increase its water solubility but also improve drug-loading efficiency and cell permeation ability, exhibiting superior anti-psoriatic effect than the commercially available tacrolimus. Our work is expected to provide a facile approach to prepare nanocarrier for Celastrol to improve the clinic translation potential of Celastrol.