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- 저자 : Mehnaz Samina (검색결과 5 건)
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Microbiome of Halophytes: Diversity and Importance for Plant Health and Productivity
Salma Mukhtar,Kauser Abdulla Malik,Samina Mehnaz 한국미생물·생명공학회 2019 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.47 No.1
Saline soils comprise more than half a billion hectares worldwide. Thus, they warrant attention for their efficient, economical, and environmentally acceptable management. Halophytes are being progressively utilized for human benefits. The halophyte microbiome contributes significantly to plant performance and can provide information regarding complex ecological processes involved in the osmoregulation of halophytes. Microbial communities associated with the rhizosphere, phyllosphere, and endosphere of halophytes play an important role in plant health and productivity. Members of the plant microbiome belonging to domains Archaea, Bacteria, and kingdom Fungi are involved in the osmoregulation of halophytes. Halophilic microorganisms principally use compatible solutes, such as glycine, betaine, proline, trehalose, ectoine, and glutamic acid, to survive under salinity stress conditions. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) enhance plant growth and help to elucidate tolerance to salinity. Detailed studies of the metabolic pathways of plants have shown that plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria contribute to plant tolerance by affecting the signaling network of plants. Phytohormones (indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinin), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase biosynthesis, exopolysaccharides, halocins, and volatile organic compounds function as signaling molecules for plants to elicit salinity stress. This review focuses on the functions of plant microbiome and on understanding how the microorganisms affect halophyte health and growth.
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Microbiome of Halophytes: Diversity and Importance for Plant Health and Productivity
Mukhtar, Salma,Malik, Kauser Abdulla,Mehnaz, Samina The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2019 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.47 No.1
Saline soils comprise more than half a billion hectares worldwide. Thus, they warrant attention for their efficient, economical, and environmentally acceptable management. Halophytes are being progressively utilized for human benefits. The halophyte microbiome contributes significantly to plant performance and can provide information regarding complex ecological processes involved in the osmoregulation of halophytes. Microbial communities associated with the rhizosphere, phyllosphere, and endosphere of halophytes play an important role in plant health and productivity. Members of the plant microbiome belonging to domains Archaea, Bacteria, and kingdom Fungi are involved in the osmoregulation of halophytes. Halophilic microorganisms principally use compatible solutes, such as glycine, betaine, proline, trehalose, ectoine, and glutamic acid, to survive under salinity stress conditions. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) enhance plant growth and help to elucidate tolerance to salinity. Detailed studies of the metabolic pathways of plants have shown that plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria contribute to plant tolerance by affecting the signaling network of plants. Phytohormones (indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinin), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase biosynthesis, exopolysaccharides, halocins, and volatile organic compounds function as signaling molecules for plants to elicit salinity stress. This review focuses on the functions of plant microbiome and on understanding how the microorganisms affect halophyte health and growth.
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Ijaz Sidra,Vivian Meshezabel,Maqbool Asma,Irfan Muhammad,Mehnaz Samina,Malik Kauser A.,Bashir Aftab 한국작물학회 2022 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.25 No.4
Abiotic stresses and emerging climate change patterns are forecasted to be the biggest challenge to food security. Salt and drought are the critical abiotic stresses responsible for the wheat yield gap with irrigated and fertile lands. In this study, the Hordeum vulgare NHX1 gene, which encodes for vacuolar Na+/H+antiporter, was transformed in two wheat varieties, FSD-2008 and Galaxy. The HvNHX1 gene expression cassette was developed under a constitutive viral promoter (2X CaMV35S). The construct was assembled in pSB219, a monocot transformation vector containing the herbicide tolerance gene (bar). The transgenic plants were initially screened by two rounds of BASTA selection (2 mg/L and 3 mg/L). PCR later confrmed the putative transgenics. The transformation efciency was estimated to be 0.4% for Galaxy and 0.2% for FSD2008, respectively. Expression analysis of the NHX1 gene in T2 transgenics and non-transgenic controls through qRT-PCR revealed a 12 fold higher expression of the transgene in Galaxy and onefold higher expression in FSD-2008. Under salt stress, the transgenic lines displayed increased chlorophyll content, reduced electrolyte leakage, and higher relative water content in their leaves than in the control plants. Moreover, under stress conditions (200 mM NaCl), the transgenic lines yielded higher biomass and seed weight than non-transgenic controls. The results demonstrated that the constitutive expression of the HvNHX1 gene in wheat resulted in better grain yield than parent lines. Additionally, the bar gene co-transformed with the HvNHX1 confers herbicide (BASTA) resistance in salt-tolerant wheat transgenics.
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( Izzah Shahid ),( Muhammad Rizwan ),( Deeba Noreen Baig ),( Rahman Shahzaib Saleem ),( Kauser A. Malik ),( Samina Mehnaz ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.3
Fluorescent pseudomonads have been isolated from halophytes, mesophytes, and xerophytes of Pakistan. Among these, eight isolates, GS-1, GS-3, GS-4, GS-6, GS-7, FS-2 (cactus), ARS-38 (cotton), and RP-4 (para grass), showed antifungal activity and were selected for detailed study. Based on biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequences, these were identified as strains of P. chlororaphis subsp. chlororaphis and aurantiaca. Secondary metabolites of these strains were analyzed by LC-MS. Phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), 2-hydroxy-phenazine, Cyclic Lipopeptide (white line-inducing principle (WLIP)), and lahorenoic acid A were detected in variable amounts in these strains. P. aurantiaca PB-St2 was used as a reference as it is known for the production of these compounds. The phzO and PCA genes were amplified to assure that production of these compounds is not an artifact. Indole acetic acid production was confirmed and quantified by HPLC. HCN and siderophore production by all strains was observed by plate assays. These strains did not solubilize phosphate, but five strains were positive for zinc solubilization. Wheat seedlings were inoculated with these strains to observe their effect on plant growth. P. aurantiaca strains PB-St2 and GS-6 and P. chlororaphis RP- 4 significantly increased both root and shoot dry weights, as compared with uninoculated plants. However, P. aurantiaca strains FS-2 and ARS-38 significantly increased root and shoot dry weights, respectively. All strains except PB-St2 and ARS-38 significantly increased the root length. This is the first report of the isolation of P. aurantiaca from cotton and cactus, P. chlororaphis from para grass, WLIP and lahorenoic acid A production by P. chlororaphis, and zinc solubilization by P. chlororaphis and P. aurantiaca.
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