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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : McMillin, Bruce M. (검색결과 2 건)
- 무료
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MAXIMUM TOLERABLE ERROR BOUND IN DISTRIBUTED SIMULATED ANNEALING
Hong, Chul-Eui,McMillin, Bruce M.,Ahn, Hee-Il Electronics and Telecommunications Research Instit 1994 ETRI Journal Vol.15 No.3
Simulated annealing is an attractive, but expensive, heuristic method for approximating the solution to combinatorial optimization problems. Attempts to parallel simulated annealing, particularly on distributed memory multicomputers, are hampered by the algorithm's requirement of a globally consistent system state. In a multicomputer, maintaining the global state S involves explicit message traffic and is a critical performance bottleneck. To mitigate this bottleneck, it becomes necessary to amortize the overhead of these state updates over as many parallel state changes as possible. By using this technique, errors in the actual cost C(S) of a particular state S will be introduced into the annealing process. This paper places analytically derived bounds on this error in order to assure convergence to the correct optimal result. The resulting parallel simulated annealing algorithm dynamically changes the frequency of global updates as a function of the annealing control parameter, i.e. temperature. Implementation results on an Intel iPSC/2 are reported.
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Michaela R. Reagan,F. Philipp Seib,Douglas W. McMillin,Elizabeth K. Sage,Constantine S. Mitsiades,Sam M. Janes,Irene M. Ghobrial,DAVID L. KAPLAN 한국유방암학회 2012 Journal of breast cancer Vol.15 No.3
Purpose: Tumor-specific delivery of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), an apoptosis-inducing peptide, at effective doses remains challenging. Herein we demonstrate the utility of a scaffold-based delivery system for sustained therapeutic cell release that capitalizes on the tumor-homing properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their ability to express genetically-introduced therapeutic genes. Methods: Implants were formed from porous, biocompatible silk scaffolds seeded with full length TRAIL-expressing MSCs (FLT-MSCs). under a doxycycline inducible promoter. In vitro studies with FLTMSCs demonstrated TRAIL expression and antitumor effects on breast cancer cells. Next, FLT-MSCs were administered to mice using three administration routes (mammary fat pad co-injections,tail vein injections, and subcutaneous implantation on scaffolds). Results: In vitro cell-specific bioluminescent imaging measured tumor cell specific growth in the presence of stromal cells and demonstrated FLT-MSC inhibition of breast cancer growth. FLT-MSC implants successfully decreased bone and lung metastasis, whereas liver metastasis decreased only with tail vein and co-injection administration routes. Average tumor burden was decreased when doxycycline was used to induce TRAIL expression for co-injection and scaffold groups, as compared to controls with no induced TRAIL expression. Conclusion: This implant-based therapeutic delivery system is an effective and completely novel method of anticancer therapy and holds great potential for clinical applications.
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