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- 저자 : Masatoshi Takeda (검색결과 2 건)
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Prepulse Inhibition of Startle Response: Recent Advances in Human Studies of Psychiatric Disease
Hidetoshi Takahashi,Ryota Hashimoto,Masao Iwase,Ryouhei Ishii,Yoko Kamio,Masatoshi Takeda 대한정신약물학회 2011 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.9 No.3
Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is considered to be one of the most promising neurophysiological indexes for translational research in psychiatry. Impairment of PPI has been reported in several psychiatric diseases, particularly schizophrenia, where PPI is considered a candidate intermediate phenotype (endophenotype) of the disease. Recent findings from a variety of research areas have provided important evidence regarding PPI impairment. Human brain imaging studies have demonstrated the involvement of the striatum, hippocampus, thalamus and frontal and parietal cortical regions in PPI. In addition, several genetic polymorphisms,including variations in the genes coding for Catechol O-methyltransferase, Neuregulin 1, nuclear factor kappa-B subunit 3 and serotonin-2A receptor were related to PPI; and these findings support PPI as a polygenetic trait that involves several neurotransmitter pathways. Early psychosis studies suggest that PPI disruption is present before the onset of psychosis. Also, discrepancy of PPI impairment between children and adults can be found in other psychiatric diseases, such as autistic spectrum disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder, and comprehensive investigation of startle response might contribute to understand the impairment of the neural circuitry in psychiatric diseases. Finally, recent studies with both Asian and Caucasian subjects indicate that patients with schizophrenia exhibit impaired PPI, and impaired sensorimotor gating might be a global common psychophysiological feature of schizophrenia. In conclusion, studies of PPI have successfully contributed to a better understanding of the fundamental neural mechanisms underlying sensorimotor gating and will certainly be most valuable in devising future approaches that aim to investigate the complex pathogenesis of psychiatric diseases.
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( Kazumoto Murata ),( Masaya Sugiyama ),( Tatsuji Kimura ),( Sachiyo Yoshio ),( Tatsuya Kanto ),( Mai Asano ),( Yoshihiko Aoki ),( Tsutomu Takeda ),( Masaaki Korenaga ),( Masatoshi Imamura ),( Naohiko 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1
Background: Genetic variation of interleukin-28B (IL28B), encoding IFN-l3, predict non-responders to pegylated interferon-α/ ribavirin (Peg-IFN/RBV) therapy in chronic hepatitis C (CHC). However, it remains unknown whether IL28B is a functional phenotype, and why it failed to predict treatment responses at 20%. Methods: Message and protein levels of IFN-l3 induced by ex vivo stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with toll-like receptor agonists (TLR3; poly I: C, TLR7; R-837) were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and our newly developed chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassays, and compared with the clinical data. BDCA-3 or -4+dendritic cells (DC) was negatively or positively selected by Magnet-Associated Cell Sorting. Results: We firstly found that BDCA-4+DCs were the main producers of IFN-ls when stimulated with R-837 whereas BDCA-3+DCs were main producers of IFN-ls when stimulated with poly I: C, using PBMC from healthy volunteers. We also found that detectable levels of IFN-ls were inducible using small amount of PBMC by R-837, not poly I: C. When stimulated with R-837, IFN-l3 was more robustly up-regulated in the PBMC from CHC patients with favorable genotype (TT in rs8099917, n = 59) for the response to Peg-IFN/RBV than non-TT (n = 41) whereas no differences was observed in IFN-l1 or IFNl2, which may support our GWAS data. Importantly, protein levels of IFN-l3 induced by R-837 clearly differentiated the response to Peg-IFN/RBV treatment (p = 1.0×10-10), including discrepant cases such as VR in patients with TG/GG or NVR in TT genotype. Our method more accurately predicted treatment efficacies (95.7%) than IL28B genotyping (65.2%) did. Conclusions: Genetic variations in IL28B basically affect IFNl3 production, but different amount of IFN-l3 production determines the outcomes of Peg-IFN/RBV treatment. This study, for the first time, presents compelling evidence that genetic variations in IL28B confer a functional phenotype. Our method may provide more accurate prediction for the efficacy of Peg-IFN/RBV.
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