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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : Masashi Sugiyama (검색결과 3 건)
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Sugiyama, Masashi,Liu, Song,du Plessis, Marthinus Christoffel,Yamanaka, Masao,Yamada, Makoto,Suzuki, Taiji,Kanamori, Takafumi Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Eng 2013 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.7 No.2
Approximating a divergence between two probability distributions from their samples is a fundamental challenge in statistics, information theory, and machine learning. A divergence approximator can be used for various purposes, such as two-sample homogeneity testing, change-point detection, and class-balance estimation. Furthermore, an approximator of a divergence between the joint distribution and the product of marginals can be used for independence testing, which has a wide range of applications, including feature selection and extraction, clustering, object matching, independent component analysis, and causal direction estimation. In this paper, we review recent advances in divergence approximation. Our emphasis is that directly approximating the divergence without estimating probability distributions is more sensible than a naive two-step approach of first estimating probability distributions and then approximating the divergence. Furthermore, despite the overwhelming popularity of the Kullback-Leibler divergence as a divergence measure, we argue that alternatives such as the Pearson divergence, the relative Pearson divergence, and the $L^2$-distance are more useful in practice because of their computationally efficient approximability, high numerical stability, and superior robustness against outliers.
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Masashi Sugiyama,Song Liu,Marthinus Christoffel du Pless,Masao Yamanaka,Makoto Yamada,Taiji Suzuki,Takafumi Kanamori 한국정보과학회 2013 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.7 No.2
Approximating a divergence between two probability distributions from their samples is a fundamental challenge in statistics, information theory, and machine learning. A divergence approximator can be used for various purposes, such as two-sample homogeneity testing, change-point detection, and class-balance estimation. Furthermore, an approximator of a divergence between the joint distribution and the product of marginals can be used for independence testing, which has a wide range of applications, including feature selection and extraction, clustering, object matching, independent component analysis, and causal direction estimation. In this paper, we review recent advances in divergence approximation. Our emphasis is that directly approximating the divergence without estimating probability distributions is more sensible than a naive twostep approach of first estimating probability distributions and then approximating the divergence. Furthermore, despite the overwhelming popularity of the Kullback-Leibler divergence as a divergence measure, we argue that alternatives such as the Pearson divergence, the relative Pearson divergence, and the L2-distance are more useful in practice because of their computationally efficient approximability, high numerical stability, and superior robustness against outliers.
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Takashi Motohashi,Akira Yabuno,Hiroshi Michimae,Tetsuro Ohishi,Miwa Nonaka,Masashi Takano,Shin Nishio,Hiroyuki Fujiwara,Keiichi Fujiwara,Eiji Kondo,Toru Sugiyama,Tsutomu Tabata 대한부인종양학회 2021 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.32 No.1
Objective: The standard dose for pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is 50 mg/m2every 4weeks. While 40 mg/m2has recently been used in clinical practice, evidence supporting thisuse remains lacking. Methods: This phase III randomized, non-inferiority study compared progression free survival (PFS) for patients with platinum-resistant ovarian carcinoma between anexperimental arm (40 mg/m2PLD) and a standard arm (50 mg/m2PLD) until 10 courses,disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Eligible patients had received ≤2 prior lines. Stratification was by performance status and PFS of prior chemotherapy (<3 months versus ≥3months). The primary endpoint was PFS and secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS),toxicity profile, clinical response and tolerability. The total number of patients was 470. Results: The trial was prematurely closed due to slow recruitment, with 272 patients randomizedto the experimental arm (n=137) and standard arm (n=135). Final analysis was performed with234 deaths and 269 events for PFS. In the experimental arm vs. standard arm, median PFS was4.0 months vs. 4.0 months (hazard ratio [HR]=1.065; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.830–1.366)and median OS was 14.0 months vs. 14.0 months (HR=1.078; 95% CI=0.831–1.397). Hematologictoxicity and oral cavity mucositis (≥grade 2) were more frequent in the standard arm than in theexperimental arm, but no difference was seen in ≥grade 2 hand-foot skin reaction. Conclusion: Non-inferiority of 2 PLD dosing schedule was not confirmed because the trialwas closed prematurely. However, recommendation of dose reduction of PLD should bebased both on efficacy and safety. Trial Registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry Identifier: UMIN000003130
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