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Application of an IPM-based Spray Program to Protected Cultivation of Strawberry in Korea
Myeong Hyeon Nam,Hyeon Suk Kim,Won Keun Lee,Yeol Kyu Seong,Mark. L. Gleason,Jeong Young Song,Hong Gi Kim 한국원예학회 2008 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.49 No.5
An IPM-based spray program (ISP), based on ecological and agronomic information, is necessary for reducing pesticide sprays and producing strawberries safely. In this study, the applicability of ISP to safe production of strawberries was compared with a conventional spray program (Con-SP) during the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 seasons in plastic houses in Nonsan, Korea. The ISP program consisted of fungicide, insecticide, and miticide treatments as well as release of natural enemies before and after harvest. The ISP treatment schedule was as follows: dipping transplants in azoxystrobin before transplanting (mid-September); spraying with abamectin and thiacloprid when black mulch was applied (early October); spraying with pyraclostrobin + acetamiprid and tetraconazole + abamectin before blooming in early and mid-November, respectively; transplanting banker plants colonized by Aphidius colemani in mid-February (2005-2006 season) or November (2006-2007 season); and releasing Phytoseiulus persimilis in mid-March. Number of pesticide sprays per season for ISP and Con-SP was five and nine, respectively. Anthracnose crown rot, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, did not occur in ISP in either season, but incidence was ≤ 3.3% in Con-SP during the 2005-2006 season. Powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca aphanis var. aphanis) did not occur during harvest in ISP, but occurred during early and late harvest stages in Con-SP in both years. Incidence of Botrytis fruit rot did not differ between ISP and Con-SP. Two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) did not appear until March in ISP; subsequently, spider mite density remained at ≤-0.5 mite per leaf until the last harvest period in both years. The number of spider mites in ISP and Con-SP during the harvest did not differ. Populations of cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii) were also higher in ISP than Con-SP but decreased from March to April, accompanied by production of aphid mummies by A. colemani. The results showed that ISP was more effective than Con-SP, and required fewer pesticide sprays.
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살균제와 미생물제 처리시기에 따른 딸기 잿빛곰팡이병 방제효과
남명현(Myeong Hyeon Nam),김현숙(Hyeon Suk Kim),이원근(Won Keun Lee),Mark L. Gleason,김홍기(Hong Gi Kim) 한국원예학회 2011 원예과학기술지 Vol.29 No.2
Botrytis cinerea에 의한 딸기 잿빛곰팡이병은 최대 50%까지 발생하여 큰 피해를 주는 딸기의 주요 병해이다. 약제 살포시기는 잿빛곰팡이병의 성공적인 방제를 좌우하는 필수적 요소이다. 딸기 ‘설향’ 품종에 대한 잿빛곰팡이병 방제효과 검정을 위해 fenhexamid + imonoctadine tris, cyprodinil + fludioxonil, Bacillus subtilis QST713을 ex vivo에서 개화전, 개화기, 미착색과, 성숙과 단계부터 처리하여 효과를 비교하였다. 또한 ‘설향’ 품종을 공시하여 ex vivo와 재배포장에서 cyprodinil + fludioxonil 혹은 fludioxonil을 저온(0℃, 5시간) 전후 처리하여 잿빛곰팡이병 방제효과를 조사하였다. 딸기 꽃과 성숙과실은 미착색과실보다 B. cinerea에 더 감수성이었다. ex vivo에서 개화단계별 약제방제효과는 fenhexamid + iminoctadine tris는 개화직전과 개화기, cyprodinil + fludioxonil은 개화기에 효과적이었으나 Bacillus subtilis QST713은 처리간 유의성이 없었다. 2010년 딸기 잿빛곰팡이병 방제효과는 fludioxonil을 개화기에 1주일 간격으로 2회 처리시 효과적이었다. 딸기 ‘Redpearl’과 ‘설향’ 품종은 ‘매향’과 ‘Akihime’ 품종보다 저온에 더 감수성이어서 주의를 요했으며 cyprodinil + fludioxonil을 저온처리 전에 살포시 90%이상의 방제효과를 나타냈다. 2010년 재배포장에서 잿빛곰팡이병 방제효과는 저온 발생 전 혹은 저온 발생 후 1주일 간격 2-3회 fludioxonil처리가 효과적이었다. 이런 결과로 딸기잿빛곰팡이병 방제를 위한 약제의 효과적인 처리시기는 개화와 저온이 밀접한 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. The fungus Botrytis cinerea causes fruit rot of strawberry and the damages can result in harvest losses upto 50%. Proper timing of fungicide application is essential for successful control of Botrytis fruit rot, fenhexamid plus iminoctadine tris, cyprodinil plus fludioxonil, fludioxonil alone, and Bacillus subtilis QST713 were applied to individual buds, flowers, and green and red fruit of cultivar ‘Seolhyang’ ex vivo. Cyprodinil plus fludioxonil or fludioxonil alone was applied i) before and after a 5-hr period of low-temperature (0℃) incubation ex vivo ii) in field trials. Strawberry flowers and red fruit were more susceptible to B. cinerea than the green fruits. Incidence of Botrytis rot with fenhexamid plus iminoctadine tris and cyprodinil plus fludioxonil was the lowest at flowering, whereas B. subtilis QST713 did not significantly among treatments. In 2010, incidence of Botrytis fruit rot was significantly reduced when fludioxonil was applied two times at 1 week intervals from 50% bloom in field trials. Cultivars Redpearl and Seolhyang were more susceptible to low-temperature than cvs. Maehyang and Akihime. Cyprodinil plus fludioxonil application was effective when applied before onset of the low-temperature treatment period. Fludioxonil showed the most effective when it was sprayed one and more than two times in before and post low-temperature condition, respectively. These results demonstrate that fungicide selection and timing can interact with stage of fruit development and low-temperature in determining effectiveness of suppression of Botrytis fruit rot.
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