Combination of a new ultrasonic tip with rotary systems for the preparation of flattened root canals

Tavares Karina Ines Medina Carita,Pinto Jáder Camilo,Santos-Junior Airton Oliveira,Esteves Torres Fernanda Ferrari,Guerreiro-Tanomaru Juliane Maria,Tanomaru-Filho Mario 대한치과보존학회 2021 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.46 No.4

Objectives This study evaluated 2 nickel-titanium rotary systems and a complementary protocol with an ultrasonic tip and a small-diameter instrument in flattened root canals. Materials and Methods Thirty-two human maxillary second premolars with flattened canals (buccolingual diameter ≥4 times larger than the mesiodistal diameter) at 9 mm from the radiographic apex were selected. The root canals were prepared by ProDesign Logic (PDL) 30/0.01 and 30/0.05 or Hyflex EDM (HEDM) 10/0.05 and 25/0.08 (n = 16), followed by application of the Flatsonic ultrasonic tip in the cervical and middle thirds and a PDL 25/0.03 file in the apical third (FPDL). The teeth were scanned using micro-computed tomography before and after the procedures. The percentage of volume increase, debris, and uninstrumented surface area were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, Wilcoxon, analysis of variance/Tukey, and paired and unpaired t-tests (α = 0.05). Results No significant difference was found in the volume increase and uninstrumented surface area between PDL and HEDM (p > 0.05). PDL had a higher percentage of debris than HEDM in the middle and apical thirds (p < 0.05). The FPDL protocol resulted in less debris and uninstrumented surface area for PDL and HEDM (p < 0.05). This protocol, with HEDM, reduced debris in the middle and apical thirds and uninstrumented surface area in the apical third (p < 0.05). Conclusions High percentages of debris and uninstrumented surface area were observed after preparation of flattened root canals. The HEDM, Flatsonic tip, and 25/0.03 instrument protocol enhanced cleaning in flattened root canals.

Clavulanic Acid Is a Leading Culprit Beta-Lactam in Immediate Allergic Reactions to Penicillins

Torres-Rojas Isabel,Pérez-Alzate Diana,Somoza Maria Luisa,Pfeifer Ana Prieto-Moreno,Diaz Elisa Haroun,Jimenez-Rodriguez Teodorikez W,Sánchez Javier Fernández,Ruano Francisco J,Blanca Miguel,Blanca-Lóp 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.2

Purpose: Clavulanate, a beta-lactam associated with amoxicillin, is frequently prescribed in patients at all ages. Recent data implicate amoxicillin-clavulanate in up to 80% of beta-lactam allergy cases. We assessed clavulanate’s role in inducing allergic reactions to this combination treatment, with a focus on selective immediate reactions. Methods: Adults (≥ 16 years) reporting a history of immediate reactions to amoxicillin-clavulanate were evaluated through a beta-lactam allergological workup, using modified European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology guidelines. Patients first underwent skin testing, and if negative, drug provocation tests. Expected outcomes were: Group A, subjects with immediate reaction to classical penicillin group determinants (penicilloyl polylysine, minor determinants mixture, and/or penicillin G); Group B, subjects with selective immediate reaction to amoxicillin; Group C, subjects with selective immediate reaction to clavulanate and Group D, those immediate reactions with co-sensitization to clavulanate plus penicillin group determinants or amoxicillin. Results: Of 1,170 included patients, 104 had immediate reactions: 36.5% to penicillin group determinants (Group A), 26.9% to amoxicillin (Group B), 32.7% to clavulanate (Group C), and 3.8% to clavulanate plus penicillin determinants or amoxicillin (Group D). Diagnosis was made by skin testing in 79%, 75% and 47% of the patients, respectively, in the first 3 groups (P < 0.001). Drug provocation tests were necessary to establish most other diagnoses. Anaphylaxis predominated over urticaria/angioedema in all groups. Conclusions: Selective immediate reactions to clavulanate accounted for over a third of cases with confirmed reactions after amoxicillin-clavulanate intake, with more than half experiencing anaphylaxis. Within this group, skin test sensitivity was below 50%. People taking amoxicillin-clavulanate may also be co-sensitized to both drugs.

Análisis de los Instrumentos Económicos con Fines Ambientales en la Legislación y Políticas Públicas Mexicanas

Vicente Torre D,Maria J. Rios C 부산외국어대학교 이베로아메리카연구소 2014 이베로아메리카 Vol.16 No.1

There isn’t doubt that our planet faces daily environmental damages, this is consequence of human action on nature and its resources. This has been observed since the man appears in the world, and will continue to happen, unfortunately more and more quickly. For over 40 years have sought solutions to environmental problems, one being the establishment of economic instruments and creation of environmental taxes to achieve the aims and objectives of public policy is clear and necessary public intervention in environmental matters. This paper seeks to highlight and explain the feasibility of establishing environmental taxes and the need for the adequacy and strict application of environmental policies and the continuing joint work of the States and the Federation to achieve satisfactory results with the implementation of these environmental instruments that complement our tax system. Key Words: Economic Instruments; Environmental Taxes; Public Politics; Environment; Sustainable Development Resulta indudable que nuestro planeta a diario enfrenta el deterioro del medio ambiente, ello como consecuencia de la acción humana sobre la naturaleza y sus recursos. Esto se ha presentado desde el inicio de la humanidad y desafortunadamente seguirá sucediendo cada vez con mayor rapidez y frecuencia. Desde hace más de 40 años se han buscado soluciones a la problemática ambiental, siendo el establecimiento de instrumentos económicos y la creación de tributos ambientales un medio para lograr los objetivos y fines de las políticas públicas sobre la materia, resultando evidente y necesaria la intervención pública en materia ambiental. Este trabajo pretende dar a conocer y explicar el estado del arte, la viabilidad del establecimiento de impuestos ambientales, así como la necesidad de la adecuación e implementación estricta de las políticas medio ambientales, siendo indispensable para ello el trabajo conjunto y continuo de la Federación y de los Estados para lograr resultados satisfactorios con la implementación de estos instrumentos ambientales convirtiéndose en un complemento de nuestro sistema tributario. Palabras claves: Instrumentos Económicos, Tributos Ambientales, Políticas Públicas, Medio Ambiente, Desarrollo Sustentable.

Transgenic <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> expressing a barley UDP-glucosyltransferase exhibit resistance to the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol

Shin, Sanghyun,Torres-Acosta, Juan Antonio,Heinen, Shane J.,McCormick, Susan,Lemmens, Marc,Paris, Maria Paula Kovalsky,Berthiller, Franz,Adam, Gerhard,Muehlbauer, Gary J. Oxford University Press 2012 Journal of experimental botany Vol.63 No.13

<P>Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by <I>Fusarium graminearum</I>, is a devastating disease of small grain cereal crops. FHB causes yield reductions and contamination of grain with trichothecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON). DON inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells and acts as a virulence factor during fungal pathogenesis, therefore resistance to DON is considered an important component of resistance against FHB. One mechanism of resistance to DON is conversion of DON to DON-3-O-glucoside (D3G). Previous studies showed that expression of the UDP-glucosyltransferase genes <I>HvUGT13248</I> from barley and <I>AtUGt73C5</I> (<I>DOGT1</I>) from <I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I> conferred DON resistance to yeast. Over-expression of <I>AtUGt73C5</I> in <I>Arabidopsis</I> led to increased DON resistance of seedlings but also to dwarfing of transgenic plants due to the formation of brassinosteroid-glucosides. The objectives of this study were to develop transgenic <I>Arabidopsis</I> expressing <I>HvUGT13248</I>, to test for phenotypic changes in growth habit, and the response to DON. Transgenic lines that constitutively expressed the epitope-tagged HvUGT13248 protein exhibited increased resistance to DON in a seed germination assay and converted DON to D3G to a higher extent than the untransformed wild-type. By contrast to the over-expression of <I>DOGT1</I> in <I>Arabidopsis</I>, which conjugated the brassinosteriod castasterone with a glucoside group resulting in a dwarf phenotype, expression of the barley <I>HvUGT13248</I> gene did not lead to drastic morphological changes. Consistent with this observation, no castasterone-glucoside formation was detectable in yeast expressing the barley <I>HvUGT13248</I> gene. This barley <I>UGT</I> is therefore a promising candidate for transgenic approaches aiming to increase DON and <I>Fusarium</I> resistance of crop plants without undesired collateral effects.</P>

In Vitro Diagnostic Testing for Antibiotic Allergy

Inmaculada Doña,Maria J. Torres,Maria I. Montañez,Tahía D. Fernández 대한천식알레르기학회 2017 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.9 No.4

Allergy to antibiotics is an important worldwide problem, with an estimated prevalence of up to 10% of the population. Reaction patterns for different antibiotics have changed in accordance with consumption trends. Most of the allergic reactions to antibiotics have been reported for betalactams, followed by quinolones and macrolides and, to a lesser extent, to others, such as metronidazole clindamycin and sulfonamides. The diagnostic procedure includes a detailed clinical history, which is not always possible and can be unreliable. This is usually followed by in vivo, skin, and drug provocation tests. These are not recommended for severe, potentially lifethreaten reactions or for drugs that are known to produce a high rate of false positive results. Given the limitations of in vivo tests, in vitro test can be helpful for diagnosis, despite having suboptimal sensitivity. The most highly employed techniques for diagnosing immediate reactions to antibiotics are immunoassays and basophil activation tests, while lymphocyte transformation tests are more commonly used to diagnose non-immediate reactions. In this review, we describe different in vitro techniques employed to diagnose antibiotic allergy.