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Effect of blood type on anti-α-Gal immunity and the incidence of infectious diseases
Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz,Lourdes Mateos-Hernández,Pilar Alberdi,Margarita Villar,Gilles Riveau,Emmanuel Hermann,Anne-Marie Schacht,Jamal Khalife,Margarida Correia-Neves,Christian Gortazar,José de la Fue 생화학분자생물학회 2017 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.49 No.-
The identification of factors affecting the susceptibility to infectious diseases is essential toward reducing their burden on the human population. The ABO blood type correlates with susceptibility to malaria and other infectious diseases. Due to the structural similarity between blood antigen B and Galα1-3Galβ1-(3)4GlcNAc-R (α-Gal), we hypothesized that self-tolerance to antigen B affects the immune response to α-Gal, which in turn affects the susceptibility to infectious diseases caused by pathogens carrying α-Gal on their surface. Here we found that the incidence of malaria and tuberculosis, caused by pathogens with α-Gal on their surface, positively correlates with the frequency of blood type B in endemic regions. However, the incidence of dengue fever, caused by a pathogen without α-Gal, was not related to the frequency of blood type B in these populations. Furthermore, the incidence of malaria and tuberculosis was negatively correlated with the anti-α-Gal antibody protective response. These results have implications for disease control and prevention.
Carabali, Mabel,Lim, Jacqueline K.,Palencia, Diana C.,Lozano‐,Parra, Anyela,Gelvez, Rosa Margarita,Lee, Kang Sung,Florez, Janeth P.,Herrera, Victor Mauricio,Kaufman, Jay S.,Rojas, Elsa M.,Villar John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018 Tropical medicine & international health Vol.23 No.11
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P>To estimate the age‐specific incidence of symptomatic dengue and chikungunya in Colombia.</P><P><B>Method</B></P><P>A passive facility‐based fever surveillance study was conducted among individuals with undifferentiated fever. Confirmatory diagnostics included serological and molecular tests in paired samples, and surveillance's underreporting was assessed using capture–recapture methods.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Of 839 febrile participants 686 completed the study. There were 33.2% (295/839) dengue infections (51% primary infections), and 35.9% (191/532) of negative dengue cases there were chikungunya cases. On average, dengue cases were younger (median = 18 years) than chikungunya cases (median = 25 years). Thrombocytopaenia and abdominal pain were the main dengue predictors, while presence of rash was the main predictor for chikungunya diagnosis. Underreporting of dengue was 31%; the estimated expansion factors indicate an underreporting rate of dengue cases of threefold for all cases and of almost sixfold for inpatients.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>These findings highlight the ongoing coexistence of both arboviruses, a distinct clinical profile of each condition in the study area that could be used by clinicians to generate a differential diagnosis, and the presence of underreporting, mostly among hospitalised cases.</P>