Knowledge about Colorectal Cancer in Northern Iran: a Population-Based Telephone Survey

Mansour-Ghanaei, Alireza,Joukar, Farahnaz,Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz,Rasoulian, Javid,Naghipour, Mohammad Reza,Fani, Arezoo,Kazemnejad, Ehsan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to assess the general knowledge of CRC in individuals living in Rasht, Iran, using a population-based cross-sectional telephone survey. Materials and Methods: A total of 1557 participants between 18 and 80 years of age were interviewed using random sampling from the telephone directory. Knowledge of risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and prevention of CRC was assessed using a validated questionnaire. Results: The mean knowledge level of the 1,557 respondents (average age 46 y) was $13.5{\pm}4.29$ (maximum possible score = 26), and 46.4% (722/1,557) of the subjects achieved grades lower than the mean score. The mean scores for knowledge of symptoms and risk factors were $3.97{\pm}1.83$ (range: 0-7) and $5.17{\pm}1.65$ (range: 0-9), respectively. Older age, higher education, and employment were significantly associated with better scores for recognition of risk factors and warning symptoms. The majority of subjects correctly identified weight loss (70.2%; 1,093/1,557) and rectal bleeding (63.3%; 986/1,557) as symptoms of CRC, and that smoking (85.9%; 1,337/1,557) and a low-fiber diet (73.4%; 1,143/1,557) were risk factors. Approximately half of the subjects noted increasing age, genetic background and fried food as other risk factors. A considerable number (54.8%; 853/1,557) identified colonoscopy as a screening method for detecting CRC in asymptomatic patients. However, a third of the subjects in the target group for screening (${\geq}50y$) were not interested in undergoing screening, primarily due to a lack of symptoms. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the knowledge of CRC is poor among the public, and therefore greater attempts should be made to increase awareness. Public education emphasizing the risk factors and symptoms of CRC, as well as the importance of regular screening regardless of the presence of symptoms, may help to reduce CRC morbidity and mortality.

Knowledge about Gastric Carcinoma in North of Iran, A High Prevalent Region for Gastric Carcinoma: A Population-Based Telephone Survey

Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz,Joukar, Farahnaz,Soati, Fatemeh,Mansour-Ghanaei, Alireza,Naserani, Sara Bakhshizadeh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.7

Background & Objectives: The most northern and northwestern regions of Iran are at a high risk for gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to assess the general population's awareness about risk factors, symptoms and signs, preventive methods and management of gastric carcinoma in a high prevalence city in the North of Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based telephone survey which was conducted on 3,457 residents of Rasht, the capital city of Guilan Province, to assess their awareness regarding gastric carcinoma. The questionnaires contained demographic data and statements on respondents' knowledge about risk factors, symptoms and signs, prevention and management of gastric cancer which were filled by general practitioners after asking the subjects. Data were analyzed in SPSS14. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean knowledge score of the respondents was $5.05{\pm}1.37$ regarding risk factors of gastric carcinoma, $4.39{\pm}1.99$ regarding symptoms and signs, $6.0{\pm}1.22$ regarding preventive strategies, and $1.6{\pm}1.16$ regarding management. Totally the mean knowledge level of the respondents toward gastric carcinoma would be $17.1{\pm}3.97$ from the maximum grade of 29. The age group of 45-55 y/o, bachelor degree and higher, physicians and nurses, those who had cancer history in friends or had the history of gastrointestinal diseases showed significantly higher knowledge scores (P=0.001). Conclusion: There is a general lack of awareness of cancer risk factors, symptoms and signs, methods of prevention, and importance of early diagnosis and treatment. Educational programs should be developed to promote adherence to recommended screening guidelines.

Outcome of Intestinal Metaplasia in Gastric Biopsy of Patients with Dyspepsia in Guilan Province, North Iran

Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz,Joukar, Farahnaz,Soati, Fatemeh,Mansour-Ghanaei, Alireza,Atrkar-Roushan, Zahra Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.6

Background: It is generally accepted that gastric carcinomas are preceded by a sequential multistage process that includes chronic gastritis, gastric atrophy, usually with intestinal metaplasia (IM), and dysplasia. This series of changes in gastric carcinogenesis is often initiated by Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection. The aim of the present study was determination of gastric histopathologic changes in IM patients after at least one year in Guilan province, Iran. Materials and Methods: This case-series study was conducted in Guilan Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease Research Center (GLDRC) during 2010 to 2011. Gastric biopsy was performed for all 71 known cases of IM and precanceric lesions including gastric atrophy, IM, dysplasia and H pylori infection were determined after at least one year. Results: Of the total of 71 patients with established IM who were enrolled, 50 had complete-type IM and 21 had incomplete-type IM. Fifty two people had H pylori infection. H pylori eradication was achieved in 39 patients (75%). Secondary pathology findings of patients with IM were complete metaplasia (39.4%), incomplete metaplasia (32.4%), dysplasia (23.9%) and other precanceric lesions (4.2%). Dysplasia (20%vs 33%) occurred in patients who had complete and incomplete IM at baseline respectively (p>0.05). Age, gender, family history of gastric cancer(GC); smoking habits and NSAIDs use were not associated with gastric premalignant lesions in initial and secondary pathologies (p>0.05). The difference became statistically significant between H pylori infection in patients with more than 3 years diagnostic intervals (p<0.05). Statistical difference between eradicators and non-eradicators was not significant. Conclusions: We found that incomplete IM increased the risk of subsequent dysplasia in this study.

Application of impulse damper in control of a chaotic friction-induced vibration

Mansour Ataei,Ali Asghar Atai,Sajjad Mirjavadi,Mohammad Sahebnasagh,Mansour Nikkhah-Bahrami 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.2

Friction-induced vibration is an important phenomenon with adverse effects on many dynamic systems involving friction. In this study,a very simple and well-known one-dimensional friction-induced dynamic system is considered in which the novel PZT stack impulse damper is incorporated into the system. It has been shown that by appropriately tuning the damping parameters, the chaotic behavior is removed quickly and efficiently. It has also been demonstrated that the system is sensitive to parameter change, and minimal modification of these parameters can revert the chaotic or periodic motion.

Should all patients with hypertension be worried about developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?

Bahardoust Mansour,Goharrizi Mohammad Ali Sheikh Beig,Bahardoust Mansour,Alvanegh Akbar Ghorbani,Ataee Mohammad Reza,Bagheri Mehdi,Navidiyan Ensiyeh Shabani,Zijoud Seyed Reza Hosseini,Heiat Mohammad 대한고혈압학회 2021 Clinical Hypertension Vol.27 No.2

Background: Hypertension, the most common comorbidity among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, is accompanied by worse clinical outcomes, but there is lack of evidence about prognostic factors among COVID19 patients with hypertension. We have come up with some prognostic factors to predict the severity of COVID-19 among hypertensive patients. In addition, epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory differences among COVID-19 patients with and without underlying hypertension were evaluated. Methods: Medical profiles of 598 COVID-19 cases were analyzed. Patients were divided into two comparative groups according to their positive or negative history of hypertension. Then, epidemiologic, clinical, laboratory and radiological features and also clinical outcomes were compared. Results: 176 (29.4%) patients had underlying hypertension. Diabetes was significantly higher in hypertensive group [72 (40.9%) vs 76 (18%)] (P-value: 0.001). Cardiovascular and renal disorders were significantly higher in hypertensive patients. (P-value: 0.001 and 0.013 respectively). In COVID-19 patients with hypertension, severe/critical types were significantly higher. [42(23.8%) vs. 41(9.7%)], (P-value: 0.012). In the logistic regression model, Body mass index > 25 (ORAdj: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2 to 2.42; P-value: 0.027), age over 60 (ORAdj: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.42; P-value: 0.021), increased hospitalization period (ORAdj: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.24 to 2.97; P-value: 0.013), type 2 diabetes (ORAdj: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.15 to 3.31; P-value: 0.001) and chronic kidney disease (ORAdj: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.21; P-value: 0.013) were related with progression of COVID-19. Conclusion: Hypertensive patients with Age > 60-year-old, BMI > 25 Kg/m2 , CVD, diabetes and chronic kidney disease are associated with poor outcomes in those with COVID-19 infection.

Screening of Precancerous Gastric Lesions by Serum Pepsinogen, Gastrin-17, Anti-Helicobacter Pylori and Anti-Caga Antibodies in Dyspeptic Patients over 50 years Old in Guilan Province, North of Iran

Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz,Joukar, Farahnaz,Rajpout, Yaghoub,Hasandokht, Tolou Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the value of serum gastric markers to differentiate between patients with precancerous lesions and nonatrophic chronic gastritis. Materials and Methods: Serum samples of 128 patients with dyspepsia who were candidates for endoscopic examination were tested for pepsinogen (PG I and PG II), PG I/II ratio, gastrin 17(G-17), anti-Helicobacter pylori (anti-H pylori ) and anti-CagA antibodies. Two sample t-tests, chi-square tests and Pearson's correlation analyses were used for analysis using SPSS (version 20). Results: PGI, PG I/II ratio values were decreased significantly in the precancerous lesion group (0.05, 0.001 respectively). The frequency of H pylori infection was significantly (p=0.03) different between the two groups ofthe study. Conclusions: We suggest PGI and the PG I/II ratio as valuable markers for screening of premalignant gastric lesions.

Plant mediated green synthesis and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles using Crataegus douglasii fruit extract

Mansour Ghaffari-Moghaddam,Robabeh Hadi-Dabanlou 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.2

In this study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the Crataegus douglasii fruit extract as areducing agent. The reaction process was monitored by UV–vis spectroscopy. Further characterizationwas carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To optimize the biosynthesis of silvernanoparticles, the effect of process variables such as extract concentrations, mixing ratio of the reactants,time and pH were also investigated. The SEM images showed silver nanoparticles with 29.28 nm size andnearly spherical shape at 24 h interaction time. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized silvernanoparticles was confirmed against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Endoscopic Findings in a Mass Screening Program for Gastric Cancer in a High Risk Region - Guilan Province of Iran

Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz,Sokhanvar, Homayoon,Joukar, Farahnaz,Shafaghi, Afshin,Yousefi-Mashhour, Mahmud,Valeshabad, Ali Kord,Fakhrieh, Saba,Aminian, Keyvan,Ghorbani, Kambiz,Taherzadeh, Zahra,Sheykhia Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

Background & Objectives: Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in both sexes in Iran. This study was designed to assess upper GI endoscopic findings among people > 50 years targeted in a mass screening program in a hot-point region. Methods: Based on the pilot results in Guilan Cancer Registry study (GCRS), one of the high point regions for GC-Lashtenesha- was selected. The target population was called mainly using two methods: in rural regions, by house-house direct referral and in urban areas using public media. Upper GI endoscopy was performed by trained endoscopists. All participants underwent biopsies for rapid urea test (RUT) from the antrum and also further biopsies from five defined points of stomach for detection of precancerous lesions. In cases of visible gross lesions, more diagnostic biopsies were taken and submitted for histopathologic evaluation. Results: Of 1,394 initial participants, finally 1,382 persons (702 women, 680 men) with a mean age of $61.7{\pm}9.0$ years (range: 50-87 years) underwent upper GI endoscopy. H. pylori infection based on the RUT was positive in 66.6%. Gastric adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus were detected in seven (0.5%) and one (0.07%) persons, respectively. A remarkable proportion of studied participants were found to have esophageal hiatal hernia (38.4%). Asymptomatic gastric masses found in 1.1% (15) of cases which were mostly located in antrum (33.3%), cardia (20.0%) and prepyloric area (20.0%). Gastric and duodenal ulcers were found in 5.9% (82) and 6.9% (96) of the screened population. Conclusion: Upper endoscopy screening is an effective technique for early detection of GC especially in high risk populations. Further studies are required to evaluate cost effectiveness, cost benefit and mortality and morbidity of this method among high and moderate risk population before recommending this method for the GC surveillance program at the national level.

Effect of dark incubation in germination of indirect date palm somatic embryos and conversion into plantlets

Mansour Abohatem,Yousra Al-Qubati,Hanan Abohatem The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2023 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.50 No.1

All studies on date palm somatic embryogenesis have focused on germination in the presence of light while neglecting germination in darkness, which mimics the germination process of zygotic embryos within seeds. To improve the date palm micropropagation protocol, we investigated the effects of light and darkness incubation on the germination of indirect date palm somatic embryos and their subsequent conversion into plantlets. Darkness incubation emerged as a pivotal factor in the germination of indirect date palm somatic embryos and their successful conversion into plantlets. Darkness incubation significantly decreased the time required for the conversion of indirect somatic embryos into plantlets, halving the duration from 24 weeks to only 12 weeks. The micropropagation protocol was modified, consolidating the previous two distinct stages of germination and elongation under light incubation into a single stage under darkness incubation. These findings modified the protocol and significantly reduced the overall duration of the date palm micropropagation protocol.

The role of risk perception, risk communication, and demographic factors in COVID-19 preventive behaviors: an online survey in Iran

Mansour Rezaei,Nader Rajabi Gilan,Ali Almasi,Mehdi Khezeli,Fatemeh Jamshidi Nazar,Zahra Jorjoran Shushtari,Yahya Salimi,Farid Najafi,Neda Sarabi,Shahram Saeidi,Saeid Saeidi 질병관리본부 2022 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.13 No.4

Objectives: This study investigated preventive behaviors toward coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related factors in a Kurdish Iranian sample.Methods: This online survey was conducted among the population aged 18 and above in Kermanshah Province, in western Iran, in April 2020. Samples were invited and recruited through social media. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of 4 sections (questions on demographic variables, risk perception, risk communication, and COVID-19 preventive behaviors) and analyzed using Stata ver. 8.Results: The Pearson correlation test showed that risk communication was significantly correlated with COVID-19 preventive behaviors (r=0.320, p<0.01). In the final model, where the explanatory power increased with the entry of the risk communication variable, the variables explained a total of 14% of variance in COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Sex (β=−0.482), risk perception (β=0.047), and risk communication (β=0.662) were significant determinants.Conclusion: Risk communication and risk perception related to COVID-19, as well as being a woman, were determinants of COVID-19 preventive behaviors.