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Maggioni, Daniele,De Araujo, Jair Marques,Perotto, Daniel,Rotta, Polyana Pizzi,Ducatti, Taciana,Matsushita, Makoto,Silva, Roberio Rodrigues,Prado, Ivanor Nunes do Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.2
This experiment was carried out to evaluate performance and carcass characteristics of 40 crossbred young bulls ($Zebu{\times}European$) finished in a feedlot under two roughage sources (Bermuda grass hay or sorghum silage) with or without the addition of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisae). The bulls were 20 months old, their initial average weight was 356 kg and they were allocated into four groups of ten animals. The experimental diets were Bermuda grass, Bermuda grass+yeast, sorghum silage and sorghum silage +yeast. Animal performance and carcass characteristics were not influenced by roughage source or yeast addition. The average daily weight gain was 1.50 kg, dry matter intake (DMI) was 11.1 kg/d, DMI as percentage of liveweight was 2.60% and feed dry matter conversion was 7.70. The mean dressing percentage was 52.0% and hot carcass weight was 268 kg. Carcass conformation was classified between good-minus to good. Carcass length (137 cm), leg length (72.9 cm) and cushion thickness (26.6 cm) were not influenced by treatments. The average fat thickness was 3.80 mm and the Longissimus muscle area was 66.9 $cm^{2}$. The classification of color, texture and marbling were slightly dark red to red, fine and slight-minus to light-typical, respectively. The mean percentage of bone, muscle and fat in the carcass was 15.5%, 62.3% and 22.5%, respectively. Yeast addition increased ${\gamma}$-linolenic fatty acid (0.15 vs. 0.11%) deposition. Bermuda grass hay increased deposition of ${\alpha}$-linolenic (0.49 vs. 0.41%), arachidonic (2.30 vs. 1.57%), eicosapentaenoic (0.41 vs. 0.29%), docosapentaenoic (0.80 vs. 0.62%), docosahexaenoic (0.11 vs. 0.06%) and n-3 fatty acids, and reduced n-6: n-3 ratio in meat, when compared to sorghum silage treatments. The treatments had no effect on saturated fatty acids (49.5%), polyunsaturated fatty acids (11.8%), n-6 fatty acids (9.87%), n-3 (1.61%) and PUFA:SFA ratio (0.24). Monounsaturated fatty acid levels were higher on sorghum silage (40.7 vs. 37.7%). The addition of yeast caused higher n-6: n-3 ratio (7.28 vs. 5.70) than treatments without yeast.
S. Khan,V. Maggioni 한국기상학회 2020 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.56 No.4
Error estimates associated with satellite precipitation retrievals are crucial to allow inferences about the reliability of such products in their operational applications. However, evaluating satellite precipitation error characteristics is challenging because of the inherent temporal and spatial variability of precipitation, measurement errors, and sampling uncertainties, especially at fine temporal and spatial resolutions. The aim of this study is to estimate errors associated with satellite-based infra-red (IR) precipitation retrievals quasi-globally (60°N − 60°S) over land. The error model adopted for this study is the Probability Uncertainty in Satellite Hydrology (PUSH) framework, which is calibrated and validated against the satellite-based Level-3 Dual frequency precipitation radar product at daily resolution (3DPRD) for different Koppen climate zones. PUSH is shown to efficiently estimate errors in the IR retrievals, although its performance depends on the regional climatology. Specifically, the continental climate zone shows better agreement between observed and estimated errors as compared to other regions, which can be attributed to the general spatial homogeneity of precipitation across this zone and better correlation between IR and 3DPRD estimates.
Ducatti, Taciana,do Prado, Ivanor Nunes,Rotta, Polyana Pizzi,do Prado, Rodolpho Martin,Perotto, Daniel,Maggioni, Daniele,Visentainer, Jesui Vergilio Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2009 Animal Bioscience Vol.22 No.3
This study was conducted to determine the effect of breed on the chemical composition of first (PUR1) and second (PUR2) generations of $Purun{\tilde{a}}$ young bulls, and to compare both generations with different genetic groups: CAN vs. ANG; CAR; and CHA vs. CAR. Thirty bulls were used. The animals from the PUR2 and CHA vs. CAR genetic groups featured higher (p<0.05) moisture percentage in comparison to the PUR1, CAR and CAN vs. ANG groups. The moisture percentage was similar (p>0.05) between PUR2 and CHA vs. CAR animals. The same was observed among the PUR1, CAR, CAN vs. ANG and CHA vs. CAR animals. There was no difference (p>0.05) among genetic groups for ash, total lipids and total cholesterol. The PUR1, CAR and CAN vs. ANG specimens had higher (p<0.05) crude protein percentages as compared to PUR2 and CAN vs. CAR animals. The fatty acid profile was different (p<0.05) among genetic groups. However, the percentages of SFA, MUFA, PUFA, n-6, n-3, PUFA:SFA, and n-6:n-3 were similar (p>0.05) among genetic groups.