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Longhai Li,Ce Guo,Xin Li,Shun Xu,Cheng Han 한국통합생물학회 2017 Animal cells and systems Vol.21 No.3
The microstructure, composition and mechanical properties of the rostrum in Cyrtotrachelus longimanus (JHC Fabre) were studied utilizing light, fluorescent, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. SEM images show the morphological characteristics of rostrum’s cross section; it is a typical lightweight multilayer structure – one rigid exocuticle layer and dense endocuticle layers, which construct unevenly overlapping fiber structures. The composition analysis of the rostrum shows that it is mainly composed of C, H, N, O, as well as some metal elements and microelements, such as Mg, Si, Zn, Ca and Na, which contribute to its mechanical performance. The mechanical properties of the rostrum were tested by the electronic universal testing machine, which shows it has high-specific strength and is almost the same as that of the stainless steel. The results may provide a biological template to inspire biomimetic lightweight structure design.
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Xin Li,Ce Guo,Longhai Li 한국통합생물학회 2019 Animal cells and systems Vol.23 No.2
Research data of the microstructure and surface morphology of insect wings have been used to help design micro air vehicles (MAV) and coating materials. The present study aimed to examine the microstructure and morphology of the hind wings of Cyrtotrachelus buqueti using inverted fluorescence microscopy (IFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a mechanical testing system. IFM was used to investigate the distribution of resilin in the hind wing, and SEM was performed to assess the functional characteristics and cross-sectional microstructure of the wings. Moreover, mechanical properties regarding the intersecting location of folding lines and the bending zone (BZ) were examined. Resilin, a rubber-like protein, was found in several mobile joints and in veins walls that are connected to the wing membranes. Taken together, structural data, unfolding motions, and results of tensile testing suggest two conclusions on resilin in the hind wing of C. buqueti: firstly, the resilin distribution is likely associated with specific folding mechanisms of the hind wings, and secondly, resilin occurs at positions where additional elasticity is needed, such as in the bending zone, in order to prevent structural damage during repeated folding and unfolding of the hind wings. The functional significance of resilin joints may shed light on the evolutionary relationship between morphological and structural hind wing properties.
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Jin, Longhai,Liu, Jinping,Wang, Shu,Zhao, Linxian,Li, Jiannan The Korean Society of Ginseng 2022 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.46 No.6
Background: As a kind of common complication of the surgery of perianal diseases, perianal ulcer is known as a nuisance. This study aims to develop a kind of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 (Rg3)-loaded hydrogel to treat perianal ulcers in a rat model. Methods: The copolymers PLGA<sub>1600</sub>-PEG<sub>1000</sub>-PLGA<sub>1600</sub> were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization process and Rg3-loaded hydrogel was then developed. The perianal ulcer rat model was established to analyze the treatment efficacy of Rg3-loaded hydrogel for ulceration healing for 15 days. The animals were divided into control group, hydrogel group, free Rg3 group, Rg3-loaded hydrogel group, and Lidocaine Gel® group. The residual wound area rate was calculated and the blood concentrations of interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were recorded. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Masson's Trichrome (MT) staining, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), Ki-67, CD31, ERK1/2, and NF-κB immunohistochemical staining were performed. Results: The biodegradable and biocompatible hydrogel carries a homogenous interactive porous structure with 10 ㎛ pore size and five weeks in vivo degradation time. The loaded Rg3 can be released sustainably. The in vitro cytotoxicity study showed that the hydrogel had no effect on survival rate of murine skin fibroblasts L929. The Rg3-loaded hydrogel can facilitate perianal ulcer healing by inhibiting local and systematic inflammatory responses, swelling the proliferation of nuclear cells, collagen deposition, and vascularization, and activating ERK signal pathway. Conclusion: The Rg3-loaded hydrogel shows the best treatment efficacy of perianal ulcer and may be a candidate for perianal ulcer treatment.
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African students’ motivations for studying in China’s higher education
Lei, Jun,Xiao, Longhai,Li, Binrong 서울대학교 교육연구소 2021 Asia Pacific Education Review Vol.22 No.2
As the number of African students in the international education market increases, it is important to understand their motivation to study in China and decision-making process they follow. This study focuses on African students being educated in Hangzhou, a new first-tier city. Using interview data, a tentative model on the push–pull factors affecting African students’ decision-making is presented. The findings show that African students’ decision-making process follows one of two sequences depending on whether they have received advice from others. All African students in China who were interviewed began to consider studying abroad due to personal reasons, recommendation from others, a lack of opportunity nearby, and the poor capacity of local universities along with social instability. For African students who do not have others’ advice to guide them, the subsequent stages of their decision-making process include choosing first to study in China and choosing a city and institution. This decision-making depends in large part on the information available online including program availability, reputation and rank of the university, its academic quality, the image of the city, and the availability of scholarships, the affordability of tuition and the cost of living, and application accessibility. By contrast, those who have access to others’ advice may skip the choice of host country and city, directly choosing the recommended institution.
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