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- 저자 : Litvin, S. (검색결과 3 건)
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Ethnic bias and design factors impact response rates of online travel surveys
Bing Pan,Wayne W. Smith,Stephen W. Litvin,Yulan Yuan,Arch Woodside 한국마케팅과학회 2022 마케팅과학연구 Vol.32 No.2
Low response rates are pointed as a critical problem in online travel surveys. Tourism researchers need to strive to find ways to increase response rates in order to improve the surveys’ coverage as well as representativeness. Through an experiment, this paper specifically examines the design factors that provide social clues in online survey, and the timing of the solicitation. The results indicated that solicitations sent with a researcher’s Western name induced dramatically more responses (>60%) than did the same solicitation sent with a Chinese name; the attachment of an authoritative title for the Chinese researcher did not mitigate the problem; surveys sent out on Saturday with a reminder on Monday generated the highest response rate; among the variations tested, wording of the solicitation email’s subject line had insignificant impact on response rates. Details of the experiment and an explanation of results based upon underlying social factors are discussed.
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Tábata Longo da Silva Machado,Alysson Zanatta,Larissa Gonçalves Braz Santos,Rafaella Ferreira de Araújo Litvin,Lizandra Moura Paravidine Sasaki,Júlio Elito Júnior,Edward Araujo Júnior,Alberto Moreno Z 대한산부인과학회 2019 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.62 No.6
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of posterior colpotomy for the surgical treatment oftubal ectopic pregnancy in hemodynamically stable women. We performed a retrospective analysis of medicalrecords obtained over a period of 18 months. Twelve cases were identified, with the following characteristics: meangestational age, 7.7 weeks; mean serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin level, 7,786 mIU/mL; and greater diameterof the mass, 15–69 mm. Treatment was successful in all cases. Salpingectomy was performed in 10 patients (83.3%)and salpingostomy, in 1 patient. The remaining patient only received peritoneal lavage, as the evidence of ectopicabortion with only a slightly dilated uterine tube was found during surgery. The mean surgical time was 42.5 minutes. In the analyzed cases, posterior colpotomy was found to be a feasible alternative method for the surgical treatmentof tubal ectopic pregnancy in hemodynamically stable women.
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Sung, C.G.,Kim, T.W.,Park, Y.G.,Kang, S.G.,Inaba, K.,Shiba, K.,Choi, T.S.,Moon, S.D.,Litvin, S.,Lee, K.T.,Lee, J.S. Elsevier 2014 Journal of marine systems Vol.137 No.-
Since the Industrial Revolution, rising atmospheric CO<SUB>2</SUB> concentration has driven an increase in the partial pressure of CO<SUB>2</SUB> in seawater (pCO<SUB>2</SUB>), thus lowering ocean pH. We examined the separate effects of exposure of gametes to elevated pCO<SUB>2</SUB> and low pH on fertilization success of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus. Sperm and eggs were independently exposed to seawater with pCO<SUB>2</SUB> levels ranging from 380 (pH7.96-8.3) to 6000ppmv (pH7.15-7.20). When sperm were exposed, fertilization rate decreased drastically with increased pCO<SUB>2</SUB>, even at a concentration of 450ppmv (pH range: 7.94 to 7.96). Conversely, fertilization of Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus was not significantly changed even when sperm was exposed to pCO2 concentrations as high as 750ppmv. Exposure of S. nudus eggs to seawater with high pCO<SUB>2</SUB> did not affect fertilization success, suggesting that the effect of increased pCO<SUB>2</SUB> on sperm is responsible for reduced fertilization success. Surprisingly, this result was not related to sperm motility, which was insensitive to pCO<SUB>2</SUB>. When seawater was acidified using HCl, leaving pCO<SUB>2</SUB> constant, fertilization success in S. nudus remained high (>80%) until pH decreased to 7.3. While further studies are required to elucidate the physiological mechanism by which elevated pCO<SUB>2</SUB> impairs sperm and reduces S. nudus fertilization, this study suggests that in the foreseeable future, sea urchin survival may be threatened due to lower fertilization success driven by elevated pCO<SUB>2</SUB> rather than by decreased pH in seawater.
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