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Nguyen, Lam N.,Lim, Yun-Sook,Pham, Long V.,Shin, Hae-Young,Kim, Yong-Sun,Hwang, Soon B. American Society for Microbiology 2014 Journal of virology Vol.88 No.21
<P>The hepatitis C virus (HCV) life cycle is tightly regulated by lipid metabolism of host cells. In order to identify host factors involved in HCV propagation, we have recently screened a small interfering RNA (siRNA) library targeting host genes that control lipid metabolism and lipid droplet formation using cell culture-grown HCV (HCVcc)-infected cells. We selected and characterized the gene encoding stearoyl coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase 1 (SCD1). siRNA-mediated knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of SCD1 abrogated HCV replication in both subgenomic replicon and Jc1-infected cells, while exogenous supplementation of either oleate or palmitoleate, products of SCD1 activity, resurrected HCV replication in SCD1 knockdown cells. SCD1 was coimmunoprecipitated with HCV nonstructural proteins and colocalized with both double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and HCV nonstructural proteins, indicating that SCD1 is associated with HCV replication complex. Moreover, SCD1 was fractionated and enriched with HCV nonstructural proteins at detergent-resistant membrane. Electron microscopy data showed that SCD1 is required for NS4B-mediated intracellular membrane rearrangement. These data further support the idea that SCD1 is associated with HCV replication complex and that its products may contribute to the proper formation and maintenance of membranous web structures in HCV replication complex. Collectively, these data suggest that manipulation of SCD1 activity may represent a novel host-targeted antiviral strategy for the treatment of HCV infection.</P><P><B>IMPORTANCE</B> Stearoyl coenzyme A (CoA) desaturase 1 (SCD1), a liver-specific enzyme, regulates hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication through its enzyme activity. HCV nonstructural proteins are associated with SCD1 at detergent-resistant membranes, and SCD1 is enriched on the lipid raft by HCV infection. Therein, SCD1 supports NS4B-mediated membrane rearrangement to provide a suitable microenvironment for HCV replication. We demonstrated that either genetic or chemical knockdown of SCD1 abrogated HCV replication in both replicon cells and HCV-infected cells. These findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the roles of SCD1 in HCV replication.</P>
Design and Fabrication of Spoof Surface Plasmon Transmission Line Operating at High Frequency
Huu Lam Phan,Thi Quynh Hoa Nguyen,Zabdiel Brito-Brito,Fermín Mira,Ignacio Llamas-Garro,Jung-Mu Kim 대한전자공학회 2024 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.24 No.2
We report a high frequency transmission line (TL) based on spoof surface plasmon transmission. The proposed TL is designed with different shapes of bar, inverted trapezoid and trapezoid which arrange periodicity along the TL to achieve the higher field confinement and/or higher cut-off frequency. Compared with the bar-shaped TL, the TL using inverted trapezoid shape can enhance the field confinement, while the TL using trapezoid shape can be used to achieve higher cut-off frequencies up to 40 GHz. The simulation and measurement results indicate that the proposed TLs can operate with high efficiency from low frequencies up to above 28 GHz. Owing to outstanding merits such as low-cost, compact design, ease of fabrication, and good operating characteristics, the proposed TL using SSP transmission is sought to be adequate for millimeter- wave devices.
The V. Ho,Lam N. Nguyen 한국해양과학기술원 2014 Ocean science journal Vol.49 No.3
Three epiphytic dinoflagellate species of the genus Coolia isolated from Vietnamese coastal waters were identified and described. Among the three Coolia species, Coolia monotis, C. tropicalis and C. canariensis, the latter two are recorded for the first time in Vietnam. The morphology of these species is illustrated by light and scanning electron micrographs. The heavily areolated thecal surface of C. areolata and the apical quadrangular 3′ plate of C. malayensis have been reported in original descriptions. The two species C. areolata and C. malayensis were not found in this study.