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국제물품매매계약에서 본질적 위반에 관한 사례연구: 중국 판결을 중심으로
이옥상(Yu-Shang LI),이양기(Yang-Kee LEE),김진수(Jin-Soo KIM) 한국무역상무학회 2021 貿易商務硏究 Vol.91 No.-
CISG는 피해 당사자의 권리구제 방식을 다양하게 규정하고 있다. 특히 CISG 제25조에서 명시된 본질적 계약위반은 계약해제의 요건이 되는 등 기타 부수적 계약 위반에 비해 한결 강력한 효과를 가지며, 거래 당사자의 이해관계에서 큰 역할을 하고 있다. 한편 중국 민법은 최근 제정되어 기존의 계약법이 새롭게 재정비되었다. 하지만 본질적 계약위반 개념은 CISG의 그것과는 여전한 차이가 존재하고, 국제물품매매계약에 임하는 거래 당사자는 이를 염두에 둘 필요가 있다. 즉 본 연구에서는 이들 법규의 본질적 계약위반 개념을 살펴보고 중국 판결을 검토해 동향을 파악했다. 이를 통해 거래 당사자에게 실무상 유의점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다. The CISG provides a variety of ways to relieve the rights of the affected party. In particular, the fundamental breach of contract specified in Article 25 of CISG has a stronger effect than other incidental breach of contract, such as the right to avoidance the contract, and plays a major role in the interests of the parties involved in the transaction. Meanwhile, China’s civil law was recently enacted and the existing contract law was newly reorganized, and some of the regulations of CISG were accepted, so there are mutual similarities. However, the concept of an fundamental breach of contract still differs from that of CISG, and the parties involved in the international sale of goods need to bear this in mind. In this study, we examined the fundamental concept of contract violation between CISG and China’s civil law and reviewed the judgment in China to find out the trend. This would allow the parties to provide practical significance. Consequently, the parties to the transaction should judge each individual event by considering the facts.
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WEI LU(위로),LI YU-SHANG(이옥상),Yang-Kee Lee(이양기) 한국아시아학회 2021 아시아연구 Vol.24 No.3
In December 2015 at the Paris Conference, under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, nearly 200 UN parties to the unanimously agreed to adopt the Paris Agreement to climate change after 2020. According to the Paris Agreement, to tackle the problem of global warming, the average temperature should be kept within 1.5 to 2 degrees Celsius by the end of the 21st century compared with pre-industrialization time. By doing so, the total amount of human-induced greenhouse-gas emissions worldwide will be in balance with total natural absorption at the end of the twenty-first century. Climate change is a common challenge for all humanity and requires the global cooperation between countries around the world to tackle it together. In 2019, the European Commission announced a "European Green New Deal" in response to post-departure change, proposing that Europe to be the first to achieve a “carbon-neutralization” on a global scale by 2050. For the U.S., as one of the major emitters, it accounts for about 15% of global greenhouse-gas emissions. In 2020, The U.S. President, Joe Biden proposed the electricity generation should transit to renewable energy to achieve carbon-free electricity generation by 2035 and carbon neutralization by 2050. In addition, for some developed countries, including Australia and Korea, have taken strong policies and measures in line with the goal of carbon-neutralization. For China, the largest developing country, has taken on international responsibility and obligations during the 75th UN General Assembly on September 22, 2020, proposing to increase its contribution to climate change and adopt stronger policies and measures to achieve carbon -neutralization by 2030. As the ultimate goal of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is to address climate change and achieve carbon neutralization, thereby both national and regional efforts are required. Hence, studying the status quo and trends of international commitments are the key cornerstones for China to achieve its carbon-neutralization goals by seeking international cooperation to reduce emission sand driving global climate governance. Thus this paper analyzes the climate provisions of the Paris agreement, compares carbon-neutralization actions with climate cooperation, draws on the technological pathways, policy initiatives, and low-carbon economic, social justice transformation, etc. In order to develop long-term strategies in consistent with China"s carbon-neutralization.
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