http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Violence against women : Physical and mental health effects
Goodman, Lisa A.,Koss, Mary P.,Russo, Nancy Felipe 대구효성가톨릭대학교 사회과학연구소 1994 女性問題硏究 Vol.22 No.-
Interpersonal violence is a ubiquitous source of fear, distress, and injury in the lives of women in the United States, crossing lines of age, race, ethnicity, and economic status(Coley & Beckett, 1988: Frieze & Browne, 1989: Koss, 1988: Straus, Gelles, & Steinmetz, 1980). In recent years, the public health community has become increasingly aware that "this violence is a serious public health problem…[and that] nonfatal interpersonal violence has far-reaching consequences in terms of morbidity and quality of life"(Center for Disease Control, 1985, p. 739). This article reviews the physical and mental health effects on adult women of physical abuse and sexual assault, and describes their implications for mental health research and practice.
김상범,Koss, D . A . 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2001 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.39 No.8
The high cycle fatigue behavior of squeeze cast SiC whisker-reinforced aluminum composites based on either A356 Al or A390 Al matrices has been studied. Squeeze cast Al/SiCw specimens, which contain roughtly 17 vol. pct. whiskers from two different sources, have been examined for their high cycle fatigue strength under fully reversed test conditions using a staircase method to determine the mean fatigue strength at 10^7 cycles. The results show 30 to 40% increases in the fatigue strength of the A356 Al-based composites when compared to the unreinforced matrix alloy, but much less fatigue strengthening in the A390Al-based composites. A fractographic analysis indicates that about 80% of the composite specimens fail as a result of crack initiation within regions which are characterized by low volume fractions of the SiC whiskers. These reinforcement-free regions assume two forms: continuous $quot;veins,$quot; which are the more deleterious to fatigue, and discontinuous $quot;unreinforced areas,$quot; which are deleterious only in certain shapes and sizes. Both finite element analysis and Eshelby-based analysis indicate that the localized stresses within the unreinforced regions appear to be high enough to initiate fatigue cracks, especially if unreinforced ares are elongated and their major axis is aligned to the stress axis. The fractographic analysis also identifies the importance of primary Si particles in limiting the fatigue strength of the A390Al-based composites. In addition, low level of Mg in the ureinforced region, which is caused by a $quot;Mg ettering$quot; effect, results in the low hardness and significantly decreases the fatigue strength.
스퀴즈 주조 Al/SiCw 복합재의 미세조직 및 기계적 성질
김상범,Koss, D . A . 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 2001 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.39 No.8
The microstructure and the mechanical properties of squeeze cast SiC whisker-reinforced aluminum composites based on either A356 Al or A390 Al matrices has been studied. One advantage of compositing procedure using SiC whisker preform is the possibility of selectively reinforcing near net-shape components, thus reducing the cost of fabricating a high performance component. Microstructural examination shows that roughly 17 vol. pct. whiskers were randomly oriented and inter-penetrated. Although, SiC preform was applied in squeeze casting procedure in order to get a uniform distribution of SiC whiskers, two types of reinforcement-free regions were identified; (i) continuous 'veins' of the matrix alloy which are believed to be caused by cracks formed within the whisker preform during squeeze casting, and (ii) discontinuous 'unreinforced areas' also of the matrix alloy, which are a result of small non-uniform distributions of SiC whiskers during preform fabrication. It is observed that there are severe differences of micro-hardness values and chemical compositions in such areas. The differences are caused by the variation of $quot;Mg gettering effect$quot; and the variation is believed to be closely related with the morphology of whiskers. In addition, tension and compression tests shows the addition of 17 vol. pct. of whiskers increased the elastic modulus by about 30-35% and showed discrepancy between tensile yield strength and compressive yield strength. The discrepancy between tensile and compressive strength indicates the presence of thermal residual stress in composite specimen.