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Yagi Kiyoshi,Goto Yuta,Kato Kenji,Suzuki Nobuyuki,Kondo Akira,Waseda Yuya,Mizutani Jun,Kawaguchi Yohei,Joyo Yuji,Waguri-Nagaya Yuko,Murakami Hideki 대한척추외과학회 2021 Asian Spine Journal Vol.15 No.6
Study Design Human ligamentum flavum–derived cells (HFCs) were obtained from surgical samples for a basic experimental study. Purpose We sought to evaluate the inflammatory response of human ligamentum flavum cells to investigate hypertrophic changes occurring in the ligamentum flavum. Overview of Literature Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a disease commonly observed in the elderly. The number of patients with LSS has increased over time, yet the pathomechanisms of LSS still have not been fully elucidated. One of the clinical features of LSS is hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum, which results in narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal. Some reports have suggested that ligamentum flavum hypertrophy is associated with inflammation and fibrosis; meanwhile, the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase is involved in the hypertrophy of human ligamentum flavum cells. Methods HFCs were obtained from patients with LSS who underwent surgery. HFCs were stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and a p38 MAP kinase inhibitor, SB203580. Phosphorylation of the p38 MAP kinase was analyzed by western blotting. The concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the conditioned medium was measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay and IL-6 messenger RNA expression levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results TNF-α induced the phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase in a time-dependent manner, which was suppressed by the p38 MAP kinase inhibitor, SB203580. TNF-α also stimulated IL-6 release in both a time- and dose-dependent manner. On its own, SB203580 did not stimulate IL-6 secretion from HFCs; however, it dramatically suppressed the degree of IL-6 release stimulated by TNF-α from HFCs. Conclusions This is the first report suggesting that TNF-α stimulates the gene expression and protein secretion of IL-6 via p38 MAP kinase in HFCs. A noted association between tissue hypertrophy and inflammation suggests that the p38 MAP kinase inflammatory pathway may be a therapeutic molecular target for LSS.
Yagi Kiyoshi,Suzuki Nobuyuki,Mizutani Jun,Kato Kenji,Kondo Akira,Waseda Yuya,Goto Yuta,Murakami Hideki 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.1
Study Design: A cadaveric study.Purpose: To investigate the anatomical features of segmental arteries and veins in the anterior part of the spinal column to prevent segmental vessel injury.Overview of Literature: The lateral transpsoas approach to the lumbar intervertebral discs (IVD) is associated with the risk of segmental vessel injury. Previous studies have described the vascular anatomy on the lateral part of the vertebral body. However, there are no studies that describe the segmental vessels on its anterior aspect. Here, we report the important anatomical features of the segmental arteries and veins that can intersect the anterior part of the IVD. These vessels are considered at risk of vascular injury when placing the anterior retractors during lateral lumbar interbody fusion or cutting the anterior longitudinal ligament during anterior column realignment.Methods: Five formalin-embalmed human cadavers were used. We assessed the proportion of segmental arteries and veins that intersected the IVD in the L2–L5 range and their course on the anterior part of the spinal column.Results: The segmental arteries and veins commonly intersect the anterior part of the IVD (artery, 28.1%; vein, 42.1%). Seven of 10 (70%) segmental arteries at L2 intersected the IVD, but only one artery intersected the IVD at L3 and L4. The proportions of segmental veins that intersected the IVD were 60%, 50%, and 16.7% at L2, L3, and L4, respectively.Conclusions: The segmental arteries and veins frequently intersect the IVD in the anterior part of the spinal column. Therefore, it is necessary to consider these individual anatomical features to prevent vascular damage during lateral lumbar interbody fusion surgery.
THERMOELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF OXIDE CERAMICS
Tsuchida, Kiyoshi,Tanaka, Yasunori,Ifuku, Toshihiro,Nakao, Yoshihiro,Matsuda, Takanori,Nagashima, Satoko,Maeda, Hideaki,Kato, Akio 한국화학공학회 1996 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.13 No.5
Thermoelectric properties of several oxides were investigated. Al₂O₃-, TiO₂- or ZrO₂-doped ZnO showed large power factor over the wide temperature range. Fe₂O₂ showed large power factor by doping of TiO₂. BaO-doped RuO₂, BaRuO₃ and CaRuO₃ showed large power factor at high temperature. Improvement of electrical conductivity by doping was effective to increase power factor in these oxide materials.
Dynamics of Track/Wheel Systems on High-Speed Vehicles
Isamu Kato,Yoshiaki Terumichi,Masahito Adachi,Kiyoshi Sogabe 대한기계학회 2005 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.19 No.1S
For high speed railway vehicles, we consider a vibration of flexible track/wheel system It is very Important to deal With the complex phenomena of high-speed vehicles that can be occurred<br/> In the vertical vibration of the system From a viewpoint of multibody dynamics, this kind of problem needs accurate analysis because the system Includes mutual dynamic behaviors of rigid body and flexible body The simulation technique for the complex problems is also discussed We consider the high-speed translation, rail elasticity, elastic supports under the rail and contact rigidity Eigen value analysis is also completed to verify the mechanism of the coupled vertical vibration of the system<br/>