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심근 세포내 칼슘이온 활동도에 미치는 Vanadate의 효과
이정렬,김우겸,엄대용 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1987 中央醫大誌 Vol.12 No.3
The effects of vanadate on the isometric contraction, membrane potenrial and intracellular calcium ion activities of rabbit myocardial cells were investigated, using calcium selective microelectrode, filled with neutral calcium ion carrier, ETH-1001. The resting tension, the membrane potenrial and the intracellular calcium ion activities were recorded in normal Tyrode solution and compared with those in the contracture induced by 10 mM vanadate. The following results were obtained: 1. The dose-response reationship between the concentration of vanadate and twitch tension showed near-maximum response in 5mM with no corresponding changes in action potential. 2. The resting tension increased up to the amplitude of a control twitch in 10mM vanadate with resting membrane potential, hyperpolarized. 3. Increase in intracellular calcium ion activities preceded the contracture by 10mM vanadate which were restored to the control level in accordance with a decrease of intracellular calcium ion activities. 4. The amplitude of contractures by 10mM vancadate were 90∼120% fo the control twitch thesion in which the intracellular calcium ion activities were increased about 70 times from pCa, 7.1 in the control to pCa, 5.3 in the contractures.
Kim, Jeong-Eun,Park, Wan-Shin,Jang, Young-Il,Kim, Sun-Woo,Kim, Sun-Woong,Nam, Yi-Hyun,Kim, Do-Gyeum,Rokugo, Keitetsu Korea Concrete Institute 2016 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.10 No.3
When the energy performance of concrete is substantially higher than that of normal type concrete, such concrete is regarded as energy efficient concrete (WBSCSD 2009). An experimental study was conducted to investigate mechanical properties of energy efficient concrete with binary, ternary and quaternary admixture at different curing ages. Slump test for workability and air content test were performed on fresh concretes. Compressive strength, splitting tensile strength were made on hardened concrete specimens. The mechanical properties of concrete were compared with predicted values by ACI 363R-84 Code, NZS 3101-95 Code, CSA A23.3-94 Code, CEB-FIP Model, EN 1991, EC 2-02, AIJ Code, JSCE Code, and KCI Code. The use of silica fume increased the compressive strengths, splitting tensile strengths, modulus of elasticities and Poisson's ratios. On the other hand, the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength decreased with increasing fly ash.
Kim, Sung-Joon,Jun, Jae-Yeoul,Choi, Youn-Baik,Kim, Ki-Whan,Kim, Woo-Gyeum The Korean Physiological Society 1994 대한생리학회지 Vol.28 No.1
Synthetic potassium channel openers (KCOs) are agents capable of opening K-channels in excitable cells. These agents are known to have their maximal potency in the smooth muscle tissue, especially in the vascular smooth muscle. Much attention has been focused on the type of K-channel that is responsible for mediating the effects of KCOs. As the KCO-induced changes are antagonized by glibenclamide, an $K_{ATP}$ (ATP-sensitive K-channel) blocker in the pancreatic ${\beta}-cell,\;K_{ATP}$ was suggested to be the channel responsible. However, there also are many results in favor of other types of K-channel $$(maxi-K,\;small\;conductance\;K_{Ca,}\; SK_{ATP}) mediating the effects of KCOs. Effects of lemakalim, (-)enantiomer of cromakalim (BRL 34915), on the spontaneous contractions and slow waves, were investigated in the antral circular muscle of the guinea-pig stomach. Membrane currents and the effects on membrane currents and single channel activities were also measured in single smooth muscle cells and excised membrane patches by using the patch clamp method. Lemakalim induced hyperpolarization and inhibited spontaneous contractions in a dose-dependent manner. These effects were blocked by glibenclamide and low concentrations of tetraethyl ammonium (< mM). Glibenclamide blocked the effect of lemakalim on the membrane potential and slow waves. The mechanoinhibitory effect of lemakalim was blocked by pretreatment with glibenclamide. In a whole ceIl patch clamp condition, lemakalim largely increased outward K currents. These outward K currents were blocked by TEA, glibenclamide and a high concentration of intracelIular EGTA (10 mM). Volatage-gated Ca currents were not affected by lemakalim. In inside-out patch clamp experiments, lemakalim increased the opening frequency of the large conductance $Ca^{2+}-activated$ K channels $(BK_{Ca},\;Maxi-K).$ From these results, it is suggested that lemakalim induces hyperpolarization by opening K-channels which are sensitive to internal Ca and such a hyperpolarization leads to the inhibition of the spontaneous contraction.
Jeong-Eun Kim,Wan-Shin Park,Young-Il Jang,Sun-Woo Kim,Sun-Woong Kim,Yi-Hyun Nam,Do-Gyeum Kim,Keitetsu Rokugo 한국콘크리트학회 2016 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.10 No.3
When the energy performance of concrete is substantially higher than that of normal type concrete, such concrete is regarded as energy efficient concrete (WBSCSD 2009). An experimental study was conducted to investigate mechanical properties of energy efficient concrete with binary, ternary and quaternary admixture at different curing ages. Slump test for workability and air content test were performed on fresh concretes. Compressive strength, splitting tensile strength were made on hardened concrete specimens. The mechanical properties of concrete were compared with predicted values by ACI 363R-84 Code, NZS 3101-95 Code, CSA A23.3-94 Code, CEB-FIP Model, EN 1991, EC 2-02, AIJ Code, JSCE Code, and KCI Code. The use of silica fume increased the compressive strengths, splitting tensile strengths, modulus of elasticities and Poisson’s ratios. On the other hand, the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength decreased with increasing fly ash.