A Triaxial Accelerometer-Based Physical-Activity Recognition via Augmented-Signal Features and a Hierarchical Recognizer

Khan, A M,Young-Koo Lee,Lee, S Y,Tae-Seong Kim IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on information technology in bio Vol.14 No.5

<P>Physical-activity recognition via wearable sensors can provide valuable information regarding an individual's degree of functional ability and lifestyle. In this paper, we present an accelerometer sensor-based approach for human-activity recognition. Our proposed recognition method uses a hierarchical scheme. At the lower level, the state to which an activity belongs, i.e., static, transition, or dynamic, is recognized by means of statistical signal features and artificial-neural nets (ANNs). The upper level recognition uses the autoregressive (AR) modeling of the acceleration signals, thus, incorporating the derived AR-coefficients along with the signal-magnitude area and tilt angle to form an augmented-feature vector. The resulting feature vector is further processed by the linear-discriminant analysis and ANNs to recognize a particular human activity. Our proposed activity-recognition method recognizes three states and 15 activities with an average accuracy of 97.9% using only a single triaxial accelerometer attached to the subject's chest.</P>

Evaluation of a Typhoid/Paratyphoid Diagnostic Assay (TPTest) Detecting Anti- <i>Salmonella</i> IgA in Secretions of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Patients in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Khanam, Farhana,Sheikh, Alaullah,Sayeed, Md. Abu,Bhuiyan, Md. Saruar,Choudhury, Feroza Kaneez,Salma, Umme,Pervin, Shahnaz,Sultana, Tania,Ahmed, Dilruba,Goswami, Doli,Hossain, Md. Lokman,Mamun, K. Z.,C Public Library of Science 2013 PLoS neglected tropical diseases Vol.7 No.7

<▼1><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Rapid and reliable diagnostic assays for enteric (typhoid and paratyphoid) fever are urgently needed. We report the characterization of novel approach utilizing lymphocyte secretions, for diagnosing patients with enteric fever by the TPTest procedure.</P><P><B>Methodology</B></P><P>TPTest detects <I>Salmonella</I>-specific IgA responses in lymphocyte culture supernatant. We utilized TPTest in patients with suspected enteric fever, patients with other illnesses, and healthy controls. We also evaluated simplified modifications of TPTest for adaptation in laboratories with limited facilities and equipment.</P><P><B>Principal Findings</B></P><P>TPTest was positive in 39 (27 typhoid and 12 paratyphoid A) patients confirmed by blood culture and was negative in 74 healthy individuals. Among 32 individuals with other illnesses, 29 were negative by TPTest. Of 204 individuals with suspected enteric fever who were negative by blood culture, 44 were positive by TPTest and the patients were clinically indistinguishable from patients with confirmed bacteremia, except they were more likely to be under 5 years of age. We evaluated simplifications in TPTest, including showing that lymphocytes could be recovered using lysis buffer or buffy coat method as opposed to centrifugation, that incubation of cells at 37°C did not require supplemental CO<SUB>2</SUB>, and that results were available for majority of samples within 24 hours. Positive results by TPTest are transient and revert to negative during convalescence, supporting use of the test in endemic areas. The results can also be read using immunodot blot approach as opposed to ELISA. Since no true gold standard currently exists, we used a number of definitions of true positives and negatives. TPTest had sensitivity of 100% compared to blood culture, and specificity that ranged from 78–97% (73–100, 95% CI), depending on definition of true negative.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>The TPTest is useful for identification of patients with enteric fever in an endemic area, and additional development of simplified TPTest is warranted.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P><I>Salmonella enterica</I> serotype Typhi and Paratyphi A are responsible for typhoid and paratyphoid fever respectively and the disease caused is known generally as enteric fever. Appropriate and early diagnosis of the disease is important for initiation of treatment of the patient with a suitable antibiotic. The performance of the available diagnostic methods take time and as well as have low sensitivity and specificity. We describe here an immunodiagnostic assay, the TPTest, which is based on the use of secretions of antibodies from peripheral blood lymphocytes. We describe simplifications of the procedure and show that the assay has as a sensitivity of 100% with a specificity that ranges from 78–97% (73–100, 95% CI) for detecting patients with typhoid and paratyphoid fever in an enteric fever endemic zone. The TPTest uses a small blood volume, and reverts to negative by convalescence, supporting its further development as a relatively low cost assay to diagnose patients with enteric fever in endemic zones.</P></▼2>

Baggage Recognition in Occluded Environment using Boosting Technique

( Tahmina Khanam ),( Kaushik Deb ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.11

Automatic Video Surveillance System (AVSS) has become important to computer vision researchers as crime has increased in the twenty-first century. As a new branch of AVSS, baggage detection has a wide area of security applications. Some of them are, detecting baggage in baggage restricted super shop, detecting unclaimed baggage in public space etc. However, in this paper, a detection & classification framework of baggage is proposed. Initially, background subtraction is performed instead of sliding window approach to speed up the system and HSI model is used to deal with different illumination conditions. Then, a model is introduced to overcome shadow effect. Then, occlusion of objects is detected using proposed mirroring algorithm to track individual objects. Extraction of rotational signal descriptor (SP-RSD-HOG) with support plane from Region of Interest (ROI) add rotation invariance nature in HOG. Finally, dynamic human body parameter setting approach enables the system to detect & classify single or multiple pieces of carried baggage even if some portions of human are absent. In baggage detection, a strong classifier is generated by boosting similarity measure based multi layer Support Vector Machine (SVM)s into HOG based SVM. This boosting technique has been used to deal with various texture patterns of baggage. Experimental results have discovered the system satisfactorily accurate and faster comparative to other alternatives.

Chasing Shadows of the Past: A Comparative Study of Nostalgia and Memory in Agha Shahid Ali’s The Country Without a Post Office and Louise Glück’s Ararat

Sajyia Khanam 한국예이츠학회 2023 한국예이츠 저널 Vol.72 No.-

Memory and nostalgia are potent elements in the portrayal of poetic narratives, evoking hidden emotions and inner turmoil. This study delves into the works of renowned poet Agha Shahid Ali and Nobel laureate Louise Glück, both of whom explore themes of personal loss, death, cultural displacement, and the profound impact of memory and nostalgia in their respective poetry collections, The Country Without a Post Office (1997) and Ararat (1990). By analyzing and comparing their poetic genius, this paper seeks to unearth the distinctive ways in which these two remarkable poets deal with the trauma of loss of homeland, deaths and repressed desires. At a deeper level this study charts out how Ali and Glück create a macrocosmic world of their cherished memories to fight the traumatic experiences through nostalgia. However, through this exploration, we gain a deeper understanding of the enduring power of these themes in shaping the human experience and the art of poetry

“What is the Purpose of Barnacles”: A Critique of Materialization in Rae Armantrout’s Finalists

Sajyia Khanam 한국예이츠학회 2024 한국예이츠 저널 Vol.73 No.-

Rae Armantraout is a Pulitzer Prize-winning poet. She has authored over two dozen collections and won numerous literary awards. She has been cited as an “ana-lyrical” poet for her lyrical voice and analytical approach towards life and ethics in the world she sees naked. Armantrout is widely considered an eco-poet and has voiced mainly about environmental issues and children. Similar issues have been traced in her recent poetry collection Finalists (2023) which echoes the dual nature of human existence- the final generation on earth and finalists of a competition who were close to winning but ended up being a runner-up. Through this paper, I will honour the oeuvre of Rae Armantrout and her place in contemporary American poetry. At its core, I will analyze the methodology of eco poetics in her recent poetry collection Finalists and re-examine the critique of materialization exemplified in the collection through a variety metaphors and linguistic ambiguity. Poems in this collection ‘decontextualize’ the connection between ‘object’ and ‘experience’ with her analytical approach towards commodifying human sentiments. Her primary concern lies with children and non-human entities. She critiques that Material objects, whether physical or digital, carry traces of their past existence, highlighting the transient nature of materialization in an ever-changing world.

Unani Perspective of Premenstrual Syndrome in Women: A Review

Marhaba Khanam,Arshiya Sultana,Taseen Banu,Khaleequr Rahman 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2024 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.14 No.6

An Interview with American Poet- Novelist Joseph Fasano

Sajyia Khanam 한국예이츠학회 2023 한국예이츠 저널 Vol.72 No.-

Joseph Fasano is a multifaceted figure with a substantial academic and creative portfolio. He embarked on his academic journey at Harvard University, initially pursuing mathematics and astrophysics before shifting his academic trajectory towards philosophy, particularly focusing on Wittgenstein’s philosophy of language. Subsequently, he undertook graduate studies in poetry at Columbia University, working alongside influential mentors such as Mark Strand, Lucie Brock-Broido, and Richard Howard. In this interview, Joseph Fasano discusses the engagement of poetic capabilities and his personal perspective on his poetry. Notably, Fasano demonstrates an open-minded stance toward the divergent interpretations that readers may attribute to his poems. Furthermore, he shares insights into his personal and professional evolution as a writer, characterizing this journey as “way of surviving.” A central motif underlying his creative endeavors in poetry and fiction is the necessity to connect “the personal to the historical.”

The Interplay of the Sacred and the Mundane: Spirituality in Wallace Stevens’s Harmonium

Sajyia Khanam 한국예이츠학회 2024 한국예이츠 저널 Vol.74 No.-

Wallace Stevens, a towering figure in modernist poetry, is celebrated for his sophisticated exploration of spirituality and the sacred. His oeuvre, marked by a dynamic interplay between imagination and reality, ventured into the metaphysical with a distinctly modernist flair. Stevens’s poetry confronts the complexities of human experience and the evolving perceptions of divinity in the early 20th century. By redefining traditional religious paradigms, Stevens crafts a vision of the divine that is profoundly intimate and reflective of the broader modernist poetry. His poetry, particularly the 1923 collection Harmonium, represents a radical departure from traditional religious frameworks, crafting a secular yet deeply resonant vision of the divine. Harmonium is a landmark in modernist literature, where Stevens deftly interweaves imagination and reality, challenging and redefining notions of spirituality within the context of a rapidly changing world. This research paper interrogates the complex interplay between the material and the metaphysical in Harmonium, exploring how Stevens uncovers the sacred within the quotidian and emphasizes the transformative power of the poetic imagination.

Aggregational behavior of alkanediyl-α,ω-bis(tetradecyldimethylammonium) dibromide series with ionic and nonionic hydrotropes at different temperatures

A.J. Khanam,M.S. Sheikh,I.A. Khan,Kabir-ud-Din 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.5

The purpose of the present study was to determine the influence of various additives on the aggregation behavior of gemini surfactants and to search for means which reduce the values of critical micelle concentration. The mixed micellar properties of cationic hydrotropes (aniline hydrochloride, paratoluidine hydrochloride, ortho-toluidine hydrochloride), anionic hydrotropes (sodium salicylate, sodium benzoate, sodium tosylate) and nonionic hydrotropes (phenol, resorcinol, pyrogallol) with conventional alkyl tetradecylammonium bromide (TTAB) and their dimeric homologues viz., 14-s-14, (s = 4, 5, 6) in aqueous medium have been studied using conductometric technique at four different temperatures ranging from 298.15 K to 313.15 K. The evaluated thermodynamic parameters have been discussed in detail.

A comparison of machine learning algorithms for diabetes prediction

Jobeda Jamal Khanam,Simon Y. Foo 한국통신학회 2021 ICT Express Vol.7 No.4

Diabetes is a disease that has no permanent cure; hence early detection is required. Data mining, machine learning (ML) algorithms, and Neural Network (NN) methods are used in diabetes prediction in our research. We used the Pima Indian Diabetes (PID) dataset for our research, collected from the UCI Machine Learning Repository. The dataset contains information about 768 patients and their corresponding nine unique attributes. We used seven ML algorithms on the dataset to predict diabetes. We found that the model with Logistic Regression (LR) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) works well on diabetes prediction. We built the NN model with a different hidden layer with various epochs and observed the NN with two hidden layers provided 88.6% accuracy.