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Li, Wenting,Zhang, Mengmeng,Wang, Kejun,Lu, Yunfeng,Tang, Hui,Wu, Keliang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.1
Objective: The objective of a conservation program is to maintain maximum genetic diversity and preserve the viability of a breed. However, the efficiency of a program is influenced by the ability to accurately measure and predict genetic diversity. Methods: To examine this question, we conducted a simulation in which common measures (i.e. heterozygosity) and novel measures (identity-by-descent probabilities and parental genomic components) were used to estimate genetic diversity within a conserved population using double-labeled single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Results: The results showed that the accuracy and sensitivity of identity-by-state probabilities and heterozygosity were close to identity by descent (IBD) probabilities, which reflect the true genetic diversity. Expected heterozygosity most closely aligned with IBD. All common measures suggested that practices used in the current Chinese pig conservation program result in a ~5% loss in genetic diversity every 10 generations. Parental genomic components were also analyzed to monitor real-time changes in genomic components for each male and female ancestor. The analysis showed that ~7.5% of male families and ~30% of female families were lost every 5 generations. After 50 generations of simulated conservation, 4 male families lost ~50% of their initial genomic components, and the genomic components for 24.8% of the female families were lost entirely. Conclusion: In summary, compared with the true genetic diversity value obtained using double-labeled markers, expected heterozygosity appears to be the optimal indicator. Parental genomic components analysis provides a more detailed picture of genetic diversity and can be used to guide conservation management practices.
Sheng Sun,Xiaoyan Han,Aijiu Chen,Qing Zhang,Zhihao Wang,Keliang Li 한국콘크리트학회 2023 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.17 No.4
Recycling scrap tires provides an alternative source of fine aggregates for the production of rubberized concrete and this will lead to significant increase in concrete frost resistance, environmental protection, and conservation of natural sand and gravel resources. In this paper, a total of 25 groups of rubberized concrete were produced by adding scrap tire rubber particles of different sizes, contents, and pretreatment methods to replace the fine aggregate, and their compressive strength during freeze–thaw cycles was studied from both the macro- and meso-perspectives. The results indicated that the decrease in concrete strength and weight was notably restricted by the presence of rubber particles during freeze–thaw cycles. The rubber fine aggregate with smaller particle sizes enhanced the concrete frost resistance more significantly, and the F100 of concrete with rubber particles of 1.0–2.0 mm increased from 76.6 to 86.5% by increasing the rubber content from 0.0 to 5.6%. The effects of rubber fine aggregate on concrete compressive strength during freeze–thaw cycles were quantified. On this basis, a forecast model for rubberized concrete compressive strength in freeze–thaw cycles was proposed, and the effects of the particle size, content, and pretreatment of the rubber particles were considered. The calculated results agreed well with the test results both in this study and the relevant peer studies, indicating that the model can provide a good reference for the design and engineering application of rubberized concrete in frigid environments.