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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Kauppinen Esko I. (검색결과 5 건)
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Carbon-sandwiched perovskite solar cell
Ahn, Namyoung,Jeon, Il,Yoon, Jungjin,Kauppinen, Esko I.,Matsuo, Yutaka,Maruyama, Shigeo,Choi, Mansoo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Journal of Materials Chemistry A Vol.6 No.4
<P>Promising perovskite solar cell technology with soaring power conversion efficiencies has the common problems of low stability and high cost. This work provides a solution to these problems by employing a carbon sandwich structure, in which the fullerene bottom layer solves the stability issue and the carbon nanotube top electrode layer offers the merits of having high stability and being low-cost. Devices fabricated using different hole-transporting materials infiltrated into carbon nanotube networks were examined for their performance and stability under constant illumination in air. Polymeric hole-transporting layers show much higher stability when combined with carbon nanotubes due to their compact nature and stronger interaction with the carbon network. As a result, the encapsulated device showed high stability both in air and under light illumination, maintaining up to 80% of the initial efficiency after 2200 hours under actual operation conditions. Cost analysis also shows that using the polymeric hole-transporting materials in carbon nanotube films brings the fabrication cost down to less than 5.5% that of conventional devices. Our study proposes a promising cell structure toward highly stable and low-cost perovskite photovoltaic technologies for the future.</P>
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Sakaguchi, Takahiro,Jeon, Il,Chiba, Takaaki,Shawky, Ahmed,Xiang, Rong,Chiashi, Shohei,Kauppinen, Esko I.,Park, Nam-Gyu,Matsuo, Yutaka,Maruyama, Shigeo Cambridge University Press (Materials Research Soc 2018 MRS Communications Vol.8 No.3
<▼1><B>Abstract</B><P/></▼1><▼2><P>Lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a structure of glass/FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3 with single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) as the transparent top electrodes, followed by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) over-coating were fabricated. The SWNT-based PSCs do not require expensive metal electrodes and hole-transporting materials yet produce a decent power conversion efficiency of 11.8%, owing to the densifying effect of SWNTs by PMMA. The resulting devices demonstrate reduced hysteresis, improved stability, and increased power conversion efficiency.</P></▼2>
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CVD synthesis and radial deformations of large diameter single-walled CNTs
Paula Queipo,Albert G. Nasibulin,Sergey D. Shandakov,David Gonzalez,Hua Jiang,Esko I. Kauppinen 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.3
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) silica coated nickel grids using carbon monoxide as carbon source and iron nanoparticles as catalyst. The produced CNTs were as large as 11 nm in diameter. Investigations on the CNT deformations based on high-resolution TEM images showed that the deformation of CNTs due to their interaction with the substrate occurs at diameters larger than 2.7 nm. Small deformation of free standing tubes was found to occur at diameters above approximately 4.5 nm. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) silica coated nickel grids using carbon monoxide as carbon source and iron nanoparticles as catalyst. The produced CNTs were as large as 11 nm in diameter. Investigations on the CNT deformations based on high-resolution TEM images showed that the deformation of CNTs due to their interaction with the substrate occurs at diameters larger than 2.7 nm. Small deformation of free standing tubes was found to occur at diameters above approximately 4.5 nm.
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He, Maoshuai,Wang, Xiao,Zhang, Lili,Wu, Qianru,Song, Xiaojie,Chernov, Alexander I.,Fedotov, Pavel V.,Obraztsova, Elena D.,Sainio, Jani,Jiang, Hua,Cui, Hongzhi,Ding, Feng,Kauppinen, Esko Elsevier 2018 Carbon Vol.128 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The suitability of the NiMgO catalyst as a catalyst in chiral-selective growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by chemical vapor deposition has been assessed. It reveals that catalyst calcination temperature plays an important role in affecting the catalyst performances. Using CO as the carbon precursor and a chemical vapor deposition reaction temperature of 600 °C, NiMgO pre-calcined at 600 °C demonstrates the best performances in catalyzing the growth of SWNTs with predominant (6, 5) species. Systematic characterizations on catalysts calcinated at different temperatures indicate that Ni<SUP>2+</SUP> ions diffuse towards the interior of MgO matrix upon annealing. DFT-based calculations reveal that the binding energy between Ni<SUP>2+</SUP> and adjacent Ni(0) is larger than that between Mg<SUP>2+</SUP> and Ni (0), while Ni<SUP>2+</SUP> situated deep inside MgO has weak interactions with surface Ni atoms. This work highlights the importance of subsurface Ni<SUP>2+</SUP> in anchoring reduced surface Ni atom, which inhibits the aggregation of Ni particles and therefore, facilitates the growth of SWNTs with a narrow chirality distribution.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>A Ni-incorporated MgO catalyst was developed for predominant synthesis of (6, 5) single walled carbon nanotubes. Density functional theory-based calculations revealed that the unreduced subsurface Ni stabilized reduced Ni atoms on the surface, facilitating the growth of carbon nanotubes with a narrow chirality distribution.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Investigations of NanoBud formation
Nasibulin, Albert G.,Anisimov, Anton S.,Pikhitsa, Peter V.,Jiang, Hua,Brown, David P.,Choi, Mansoo,Kauppinen, Esko I. Elsevier 2007 Chemical physics letters Vol.446 No.1
<P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P><P>Schematic presentation of a novel carbon nanomaterial, NanoBud, grown by continuous transportation of a carbon layer from a catalyst particle to a CNT.</P><ce:figure></ce:figure> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The formation of a novel hybrid material, NanoBuds, single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with covalently attached fullerenes was investigated in a ferrocene–carbon monoxide system. Fullerenes and CNTs were simultaneously formed by carbon monoxide disproportionation on the surface of iron particles in the presence of etching agents such as H<SUB>2</SUB>O and CO<SUB>2</SUB>. On the basis of parametric investigations and <I>in situ</I> sampling of the product from different locations in the reactor the mechanisms for NanoBud formation are discussed.</P>
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