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STUDIES ON VISUAL DISCRIMINATION IN THE TORTOISE CLEMMYS JAPONICA
KURODA, RYO 京城帝國大學法文學部 1933 京城心理學彙報 Vol.2 No.2
1. It was possible to train Clemmys japonica to discriminate between a number of colors, shades and geometrial figures presented visually in a discrimination apparatus. 2. It was found that red was readily differentiated from blue, green, yellow, orange yellow, orange, and even orange-red;likewise blue from red, orange, green, violet and even blue-green. 3. Differentiation of shade as for instance black from medium grey, the latter from light grey is not impossible but is more difficult for the animals than that of colors. This seems to indicate that colors are distinguished not on the basis of their relative intensity but of their quality. 4. Discrimination of size of visual things is equally matched with that of shade as regards the degree of difficulty to be vanquished. 5. Geometrical figures are discriminated in different ways according to the combinations of stimuli. Figures of diverse quality, such as a filled figure and an unfilled one are more easily discriminsted than between figures of the same quality. Though difficulty may vary for different combinations, a circle, triangle and square are distinguished each other. A square rotated by 90 degrees as well as a triangle with an apex down as recognized as different from a square horizontally and a triangle with an apex up. 6. Transfer of training was found possible from the acquisition of discrimination habit between black filled figures on white field to white figures of the same kind on black field. 7. In connection with these considerations we have sufficient reason to assume that our animals can discriminate geometrical figures as such, or in terms of an absolute sense, which signifies that differentiation is made with respect to their pure quality apart from their size, shade, direction or ground. 8. Relational judgment as was advocated by the Gestalt theory with regard to discrimination of visual stimuli simultaneouoy presented to animals was not applicable to our animals. Formation of visual discrimination habit seems, instead, to rest on the basis of thorough penetration into the absolute quality of the positive stimulus concerned. This penetration gives them a cue for deciding whether it is to be taken or be rejected when they are subjected to differentiation.
STEREOPSYCHOLOGY : ITS SCOPE AND METHOD
KURODA, RYO 京城帝國大學法文學部 1931 京城心理學彙報 Vol.1 No.2
If you look out of the window vacantly without a fixed aim in view with your eyes tired from long reading, the landscape with which you are familiar will appear something like a picture devoid of any contexture. Some one might say:this is a given whole having a certain definite structure at the start of perception into which analysis may later be introduced. Perception, however, can not always be given as wholes in case we identify it with apprehension of objects.
OPTICAL AND NEAR-INFRARED POLARIMETRY FOR A HIGHLY DORMANT COMET 209P/LINEAR
Kuroda, Daisuke,Ishiguro, Masateru,Watanabe, Makoto,Akitaya, Hiroshi,Takahashi, Jun,Hasegawa, Sunao,Ui, Takahiro,Kanda, Yuka,Takaki, Katsutoshi,Itoh, Ryosuke,Moritani, Yuki,Imai, Masataka,Goda, Shuhei IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.814 No.2
<P>We conducted an optical and near-infrared polarimetric observation of the highly dormant Jupiter-Family Comet, 209P/LINEAR. Because of its low activity, we were able to determine the linear polarization degrees of the coma dust particles and nucleus independently, that is P-n = 30.3(-0.9)(+1.3)% at alpha = 92 degrees.2 and P-n = 31.0(-0.7)(+1.0)% at alpha = 99 degrees.5 for the nucleus, and P-c = 28.8(-0.4)(+0.4)% at alpha = 92 degrees.2 and 29.6(-0.3)(+0.3)% at alpha = 99 degrees.5 for the coma. We detected no significant variation in P at the phase angle coverage of 92 degrees.2-99 degrees.5, which may imply that the obtained polarization degrees are nearly at maximum in the phase-polarization curves. By fitting with an empirical function, we obtained the maximum values of linear polarization degrees P-max = 30.8% for the nucleus and P-max = 29.6% for the dust coma. The P-max of the dust coma is consistent with those of dust-rich comets. The low geometric albedo of P-v. =. 0.05 was derived from the slope-albedo relationship and was associated with high P-max. We examined P-max-albedo relations between asteroids and 209P, and found that the so-called Umov law seems to be applicable on this cometary surface.</P>
KURODA, RYO 京城帝國大學法文學部 1931 京城心理學彙報 Vol.1 No.2
1. Though the present study is in itself a reexamination of Weber's researches on the effect of load upon reproduction of a given time interval, some necessary precaution was taken to eliminate probable cooperation of spatial factors as far as possible. 2. Ten observers including nine males and one female took part in the experiment. 3. A conclusion derived from the results shows that in contrary to Weber's finding as regards the reproduction of a given duration, but in conformity with his statement concerning that of a given distance under load, a given amount of time reproduced under muscular tension due to weight is phenomenally equivalent to a greater time interval under less weight.
Kuroda, Shinnosuke,Usui, Kimitsugu,Mori, Kohei,Yasuda, Kengo,Asai, Takuo,Sanjo, Hiroyuki,Yakanaka, Hiroyuki,Takeshima, Teppei,Kawahara, Takashi,Hamanoue, Haruka,Kato, Yoshitake,Miyoshi, Yasuhide,Uemur The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2018 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.45 No.1
We report the case of a 46-year-old Chinese male patient who visited our clinic complaining of infertility. Semen analysis revealed azoospermia, and azoospermia factor c region partial deletion (b1/b3) was detected using Y chromosome microdeletion analysis. Testicular sperm extraction was performed after genetic counseling. The bilateral ductus deferens and a portion of the epididymis were absent, whereas the remaining epididymis was expanded. Motile intratesticular spermatozoa were successfully extracted from the seminiferous tubule. On histopathology, nearly complete spermatogenesis was confirmed in almost every seminiferous tubule. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of b1/b3 deletion with a congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens and almost normal spermatogenesis.
Feature of Brain Activity while Solving "Sequences tasks" of Different Difficulty Levels
( Kuroda Yasufumi ),( Okamoto Naoko ) 한국수학교육학회 2012 수학교육 학술지 Vol.2012 No.1
The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of applying brain science to the mathematics education research. This paper reports findings of a study which measured the characteristics of brain activity using Near Infra-red Spectroscopy system while students solved sequences tasks of different difficulty levels. As a result of the experiment, the difference of the difficulty was reflected in the difference of the brain activity data. Most studies of the understanding process have been based on behavioral data and test scores. In addition to those research methods, we can obtain valuable information using brain activity data.
Kuroda, Shinnosuke,Kondo, Takuya,Mori, Kohei,Yasuda, Kengo,Asai, Takuo,Sanjo, Hiroyuki,Yakanaka, Hiroyuki,Takeshima, Teppei,Kawahara, Takashi,Kato, Yoshitake,Miyoshi, Yasuhide,Uemura, Hiroji,Iwasaki, The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2018 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.45 No.1
Onco-testicular sperm extraction is used to preserve fertility in patients with bilateral testicular tumors and azoospermia. We report the case of a testicular tumor in the solitary testis of a patient who had previously undergone successful contralateral orchiectomy and whose sperm was preserved by onco-testicular sperm extraction. A 35-year-old patient presented with swelling of his right scrotum that had lasted for 1 month. His medical history included a contralateral orchiectomy during childhood. Ultrasonography revealed a mosaic echoic area in his scrotum, suggesting a testicular tumor. The lesion was palpated within the normal testicular tissue along its edge and semen analysis showed azoospermia. Radical inguinal orchiectomy and onco-testicular sperm extraction were performed simultaneously. Motile spermatozoa were extracted from normal seminiferous tubules under microscopy and were frozen. Eventual intracytoplasmic sperm injection using the frozen spermatozoa is planned. Onco-testicular sperm extraction is an important fertility preservation method in patients with bilateral testicular tumors or a history of a previous contralateral orchiectomy.
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON A KOREAN FROG CACOPOIDES TORNIERI (VOGT)
KURODA, RYO 京城帝國大學法文學部 1933 京城心理學彙報 Vol.2 No.2
Cacpoides tornieri (Vogt) is a small frog found in the southern part of Chosen and here in Keijo as well. Since they live their greater part of life under the ground, we can not make sure of their whereabouts except at the time of mating extending from the end of June to the middle of July. At that time they gather together in puddles of water temporarily made as a result of a long rain, coming out of the ground and continue to sing in chorus very clamorously.
Significantly high polarization degree of the very low-albedo asteroid (152679) 1998 KU<sub>2</sub>
Kuroda, Daisuke,Ishiguro, Masateru,Watanabe, Makoto,Hasegawa, Sunao,Sekiguchi, Tomohiko,Naito, Hiroyuki,Usui, Fumihiko,Imai, Masataka,Sato, Mitsuteru,Kuramoto, Kiyoshi EDP Sciences 2018 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.611 No.-
<P>We present a unique and significant polarimetric result regarding the near-Earth asteroid (152679) 1998 KU2, which has a very low geometric albedo. From our observations, we find that the linear polarization degrees of 1998 KU2 are 44.6 ± 0.5% in the <I>R</I>C band and 44.0 ± 0.6% in the <I>V</I> band at a solar phase angle of 81.0°. These values are the highest of any known airless body in the solar system (i.e., high-polarization comets, asteroids, and planetary satellites) at similar phase angles. This polarimetric observation is not only the first for primitive asteroids at large phase angles, but also for low-albedo (<0.1) airless bodies. Based on spectroscopic similarities and polarimetric measurements of materials that have been sorted by size in previous studies, we conjecture that 1998 KU2 has a highly microporous regolith structure comprising nano-sized carbon grains on the surface.</P>