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현준혁(Hyun Junhyuk) 한국디자인사학회 2023 Extra Archive: 디자인사연구 Vol.- No.7
The ISBN is a crucial element for efficient management and distribution of books in commercial publishing. However, why is an ISBN a mandatory requirement for the “Beautiful Book” contest? Even when considering the efficiency of the contest system and its process, this question remains. Does the absence of an ISBN mean a book cannot be considered beautiful in Korea? What significance does a book hold outside the realm of the book production and distribution ecosystem? This project of archiving ISBNs and barcodes raises questions about the ISBN numerical system and the publishing ecosystem encapsulated in the vertical lines of the barcode. Through the process of collecting and archiving ISBNs and barcodes, this project questions the contradictions within the publishing ecosystem, beyond the formality of the ISBN and its series of information. It delves into the ultimate questions about independent publishing-what does it truly mean to be independent, and where does this genuine autonomy stem from?
Complications of hook plating in shoulder trauma: What is most common complication?
Yoonsuk Hyun,Junhyuk Jang,Donghyun Kim,Byeol Ma 대한견주관절의학회 2021 대한견주관절학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.3
Introduction and Background To investigate the complications and their frequency of hook plate use in shoulder trauma. Material and Method We reviewed 216 cases with hook plate at our hospital from January 2010 to May 2020. Patients who have arthroscopic surgery at the same time, scapular fracture on the same shoulder, short follow-up period less than 3 months after plate removal, were excluded. 76 cases of distal clavicle fracture and 84 cases of acromioclavicular joint dislocation were included. We investigated all complications after hook plating, the bony union in fracture, and reduction loss in dislocation. Results Painful Stiffness (forward elevation(FE) <135°) were notified in 37 cases of fracture (48.7%) and 34 cases of dislocation(40.5%). 10 cases of stiffness was responded with intra-articular or subacromial steroid injection, and 61 cases of stiffness was improved with additional manipulation (20 cases in fracture +28 cases in dislocation) or arthroscopic capsular release (ACR, 7 cases in fracture + 6 cases in dislocation) during plate removal. Acromial osteolysis has occurred in all patients with varying degrees and acromial fracture was occurred 2 cases in fracture +7 cases in dislocation. 5 cases (6.6%) of nonunion and 1 case of incomplete union and 1 case of periprosthetic stress fracture in fracture group. 3 cases of reduction loss after plate removal in dislocation group. But any patient with reduction loss or nonunion or acromial fracture did not complain pain or tenderness on joint during the follow-up period. Pain on abduction was notified 17 of 76 cases (22.4%) in fracture and 13 of 84 cases (15.5%) in dislocation, but there is no iatrogenic rotator cuff injury which was verified through MRI in cases who show continued shoulder pain or impingement or need manipulation. Conclusions In surgical treatment with hook plate, most common complication was painful stiffness. Stiffness could be improved with manipulation or ACR during plate removal.
Daehyeon Park,Yunju Lee,Junhyuk Ham,Seung Chang Yoo,Kiyoung Kim,Donghee Lee,Yongdeog Kim,Ji Hyun Kim 한국방사성폐기물학회 2022 한국방사성폐기물학회 학술논문요약집 Vol.20 No.2
In Korea, borated stainless steel (BSS) is used as spent fuel pool (SFP) storage rack to maintain nuclear criticality of spent fuels. As number of nuclear power plants and corresponding number of spent fuels increased, density in SFP storage rack also increased. In this regard, maintain subcriticality of spent nuclear fuels was raised as an issue and BSS was selected as structural material and neutron absorber for high density storage rack. Because it is difficult to replace storage rack, corrosion resistance and neutron absorbency are required for long period. BSS is based on stainless steel 304 and it is specified in the ASTM A887-89 standard depending on the boron concentration from 304B (0.20-0.29% B) to 304B7 (1.75-2.25% B). Due to low solubility of boron in austenitic stainless steel, metallic borides such as (Fe, Cr)2B are formed as secondary phase metallic borides could make Cr depletion near it which could decrease the corrosion resistance of material. In this paper, long-term corrosion behavior of BSS and its oxide microstructures are investigated through accelerated corrosion experiment in simulated SFP condition. Because corrosion rate of austenitic stainless steel is known to be dependent on the Arrhenius equation, a function of temperature, corrosion experiment is conducted by increasing the experimental temperature. Detail microstructural analysis was conducted with scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer. After oxidation, hematite structure oxide film is formed and pitting corrosions occur on the surface of specimens. Most of pitting corrosions are found at the substrate surface because corrosion resistance of substrate, which has low Cr content, is relatively low. Also, oxidation reaction of B in the secondary phase has the lowest Gibbs free energy compared to other elements. Furthermore, oxidation of Cr has low Gibbs free energy which means that oxidation of B and Cr could be faster than other elements. Thus, the long-term corrosion might affect to boron content and the neutron absorption ability of the material.
Kim, Hyo Jung,Lee, Hyun Hwi,Kim, Ji Whan,Jang, Junhyuk,Kim, Jang-Joo The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.22 No.18
<P>The thermal evolution of the nano-grain structure and surface of ultra thin copper(<SMALL>II</SMALL>) phthalocyanine (CuPc) films was investigated by real time grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GI-SAXS) and X-ray reflectivity measurements. The evolution was strongly affected by the substrate surface energy. On hydrophilic Si, CuPc film consisted of disk shaped nano-grains of two different sizes. The larger grains showed lateral crystal growth and planarization by thermal annealing, while the smaller grains did not increase in size. The grains formed clusters at high temperature. On hydrophobic Si, CuPc nano-grains are more randomly distributed. The crystal size did not increase in size upon thermal annealing. Thermal annealing induced a more random distribution of nano-grains with an increase in roughness, and large islands formed by the coalescence of small grains. The different thermal evolution models of CuPc films based on GI-SAXS analysis are consistent with the different temperature behavior of the hole mobilities of organic field-effect transistor (OFET) devices fabricated on both surfaces.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The thermal evolution of the nano-grain structure and surface of ultra thin copper(<SMALL>II</SMALL>) phthalocyanine (CuPc) films were investigated by real time grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GI-SAXS) and X-ray reflectivity measurements. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2jm16224e'> </P>