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Jeong, I.,Lee, J.,Vincent Joseph, K.L.,Lee, H.I.,Kim, J.K.,Yoon, S.,Lee, J. Elsevier 2014 Nano energy Vol.9 No.-
Tungsten carbide/carbon (WC/C) composite nanofibers were successfully prepared through electrospinning followed by a one-step heat treatment using in-situ carburization. The WC/C nanofibers were applied to low-cost and platinum-free counter electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), and their catalytic activities were investigated and compared to platinum (Pt) CEs for triiodide/iodide (I<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>-</SUP>/I<SUP>-</SUP>) as well as organic disulfide/thiolate (T<SUB>2</SUB>/T<SUP>-</SUP>) electrolytes. When WC/C nanofibers are used as the CE catalyst in iodine electrolytes, the DSSCs exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.77%, corresponding to 96% of that of Pt CEs. In the case of T<SUB>2</SUB>/T<SUP>-</SUP> redox couples, the DSSCs based on WC/C nanofibers achieved PCE of 5.85%, which is almost twice that of Pt (3.07%). The high catalytic activities of WC/C nanofibers are attributed to synergetic effects from the combination of catalytically active WC and one-dimensional (1D) conductive carbon acting as an efficient charge transport pathway. In addition, spray-coated WC/C nanofiber CE films have a three-dimensional porous network, enhancing the permeation of the electrolyte into the CE film and the diffusion of redox couples. The electrospinning process used for the synthesis of the WC/C nanofibers is facile and scalable and is therefore promising for the commercialization of DSSCs.
What’s Happening and Coming Next in Asia?: AAB Special Report on Asian Consumers & Businesses
김미예,김진영,기수경,Joseph I. Kim,Jennifer H. Kim Academy of Asian Business (AAB) 2015 Academy of Asian Business Review Vol.1 No.1
There are two major questions we want to address in this report: Asian consumers and their views on Asian companies and leaders. Specifically, we asked how they felt in terms of happiness and economic power and what they thought about the performance of companies and business leaders. We surveyed more than 1000 people in Asia, mainly from China, Korea, and Japan. In the survey, we first asked how happy and satisfied in life they were, and how economically powerful they felt. Second, we asked what companies and business leaders they respected most. We also asked what companies they think are best in terms of other major dimensions: innovativeness, social responsibility, growth potentials, and wish-to-work-for. We obtained several important results and findings. With regard to consumers, we found that their answers were very important, and even surprising, to many people, and even contrary to the findings from several objective indicators which show that Asian countries such as China perform well in terms of economic and quality of life. As related to the Top 10 Asian companies and leaders, the data shows many interesting results which are consistent with our expectation and existing reports; for example, Samsung, Toyota, Softbank, and Alibaba were ranked at the top of the charts, as expected. However, we found several surprising findings that have not been reported in any other existing reports or studies. Our further data analysis and literature review suggest that the major findings provide very valuable strategic implications for consumer researchers, business leaders, policy makers, and anyone who are interested in getting big pictures about what is happening and coming next for their careers and businesses.
IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF AGING-RELATED DEGRADATION OCCURRENCES IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
Choi, In-Kil,Choun, Young-Sun,Kim, Min-Kyu,Nie, Jinsuo,Braverman, Joseph I.,Hofmayer, Charles H. Korean Nuclear Society 2012 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.44 No.3
Aging-related degradation of nuclear power plant components is an important aspect to consider in securing the long term safety of the plant, especially the seismic safety, since the degradation of the components affects not only their seismic capacity but their response. This can cause a change in the seismic margin of a component and the overall seismic safety of a system. To better understand the status and characteristics of degradation of components in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs), the degradation occurrences of components in the U.S. NPPs were identified by reviewing recent publicly available information sources and the characteristics of these occurrences were evaluated and compared to observations from the past. Ten categories of components that are of high risk significance in Korean NPPs were identified, comprising anchorage, concrete, containment, exchanger, filter, piping systems, reactor pressure vessels, structural steel, tanks, and vessels. Software tools were developed to expedite the review process. Results from this review effort were compared to previous data in the literature to characterize the overall degradation trends.
Bae, Yun Soo,Lee, Jee Hyun,Choi, Soo Ho,Kim, Sunah,Almazan, Felicidad,Witztum, Joseph L.,Miller, Yury I. Ovid Technologies Wolters Kluwer -American Heart A 2009 Circulation research Vol.104 No.2
<P>Oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) plays a causative role in the development of atherosclerosis. In this study, we demonstrate that minimally oxidized LDL (mmLDL) stimulates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in macrophages through NADPH oxidase 2 (gp91phox/Nox2), which, in turn, induces production of RANTES and migration of smooth muscle cells. Peritoneal macrophages from gp91phox/Nox2(-/-) mice or J774 macrophages in which Nox2 was knocked down by small interfering RNA failed to generate ROS in response to mmLDL. Because mmLDL-induced cytoskeletal changes were dependent on Toll-like receptor (TLR)4, we analyzed ROS generation in peritoneal macrophages from wild-type, TLR4(-/-), or MyD88(-/-) mice and found that mmLDL-mediated ROS was generated in a TLR4-dependent, but MyD88-independent, manner. Furthermore, we found that ROS generation required the recruitment and activation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and that mmLDL also induced phospholipase PLCgamma1 phosphorylation and protein kinase C membrane translocation. Importantly, the phospholipase Cgamma1 phosphorylation was reduced in J774 cells expressing Syk-specific short hairpin RNA. Nox2 modulated mmLDL activation of macrophages by regulating the expression of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and RANTES. We showed that purified RANTES was able to stimulate migration of mouse aortic smooth muscle cells and addition of neutralizing antibody against RANTES abolished the migration of mouse aortic smooth muscle cells stimulated by mmLDL-stimulated macrophages. These results suggest that mmLDL induces generation of ROS through sequential activation of TLR4, Syk, phospholipase Cgamma1, protein kinase C, and gp91phox/Nox2 and thereby stimulates expression of proinflammatory cytokines. These data help explain mechanisms by which endogenous ligands, such as mmLDL, can induce TLR4-dependent, proatherogenic activation of macrophages.</P>
Wongkongkathep, Piriya,Han, Jong Yoon,Choi, Tae Su,Yin, Sheng,Kim, Hugh I.,Loo, Joseph A. Springer New York LLC 2018 Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrome Vol.29 No.9
<P>Structural characterization of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) has been a major challenge in the field of protein science due to limited capabilities to obtain full-length high-resolution structures. Native ESI-MS with top-down MS was utilized to obtain structural features of protein-ligand binding for the Parkinson’s disease-related protein, α-synuclein (αSyn), which is natively unstructured. Binding of heavy metals has been implicated in the accelerated formation of αSyn aggregation. Using high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry, native top-down MS with various fragmentation methods, including electron capture dissociation (ECD), collisional activated dissociation (CAD), and multistage tandem MS (MS<SUP>3</SUP>), deduced the binding sites of cobalt and manganese to the C-terminal region of the protein. Ion mobility MS (IM-MS) revealed a collapse toward compacted states of αSyn upon metal binding. The combination of native top-down MS and IM-MS provides structural information of protein-ligand interactions for intrinsically disordered proteins.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>