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Jogender Singh, Ashish Agarwal,Ashish Agarwal,Sujata Sanghi,Tanvi Bhasin,Manisha Yadav,Umesh Bhakar,Ompal Singh 한국물리학회 2019 Current Applied Physics Vol.19 No.3
Multiferroics having composition Bi0.80-xBa0.20HoxFeO3 (BBFO, BBHFO5, BBHFO10, BBHFO15 and BBHFO20 for x=0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 respectively) were synthesized by method of solid state reaction. The crystal structure has been studied using X-ray diffraction technique. The X-ray patterns show enormous transform in crystal structure at concentration x=0.20. The Rietveld refinement of XRD patterns indicates that at concentration x=0.0 sample have rhombohedral structure with R3c space group while for the concentration x=0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20, the mixed phase including rhombohedral R3c and triclinic P1 space groups were obtained with best fitting. This phase transformation in crystal structure is observed due to mismatching of ionic radii of doped ions and parent ions. Magnetic properties of all samples were carried out by using vibrating sample magnetometry. M-H hysteresis loops shows that with doping of Ba and Ho antiferromagnetic BiFeO3 (BFO) transforms into ferromagnetic. The dielectric and ferroelectric measurements were carried out which shows that dielectric constant, dielectric loss and ferroelectric properties are enhanced with co-doping of Ho in comparison of the pristine BFO due to structure deformation and decrease in oxygen vacancies with higher concentration of Ho. Significant improvement has been observed in dielectric constant and remnant magnetization values with increasing content of Ho and decrease in the dielectric loss.
Spot-GTA 용접자세에 따른 304 스테인리스강 용융지 표면 및 용접부 형상 거동
Kang, Nam-Hyun,Park, Yeong-Do,Cho, Kyung-Mox,Singh, Jogender,Kulkarni, Anil 대한용접접합학회 2008 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.26 No.2
Effects of gravitational orientation on gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) for 304 stainless steel were studied to determine the critical factors for weld pool formation, such as weld surface deformation and weld pool shape. This study was accomplished through an analytical study of weld pool stability as a function of primary welding parameters (arc current and arc holding time), material properties (surface tension and density), and melting efficiency (cross-sectional area). The stability of weld pool shape and weld surface deformation was confirmed experimentally by changing the welding position. The arc current and translational velocity were the major factors in determining the weld pool stability as a function of the gravitational orientation. A 200A spot GTAW showed a significant variation of the weld pool formation as the arc held longer than 3 seconds, however the weld pool shape and surface morphology for a 165A spot GTAW were 'stable', i.e., constant regardless of the gravitational orientation. The cross-sectional area of the weld (CSA) was one of the critical factors in determining the weld pool stability. The measured CSA ($13.5mm^2$) for the 200A spot GTAW showed a good agreement with the calculated CSA ($14.9mm^2$).