Bioactivity of two marine algae extracts and their synthesized silver nanoparticles as safe controls against Musca domestica housefly

Mahyoub Jazem A. 한국곤충학회 2021 Entomological Research Vol.51 No.7

In this study, two marine algae, Avrainvillea amadelpha and Codium edule, and their synthesized silver nanoparticles were evaluated against the second larval instars of the housefly Musca domestica. The marine algae-fabricated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The precolored aqueous silver solution changed from pale yellow to brown by mixing the algae extracts, revealing Ag nanocomposite production. There was a maximum UV–vis absorption at 400 nm for A. amadelpha and 420 nm for C. edule.SEMresultsshowed that the A. amadelpha- and C. edule-fabricated AgNPs were spherical and irregular in shape. A. amadelpha extract alone gave higher effective mortalities against M. domestica larvae, which were 22.1–98.3% in the tested concentrations (62.5– 1,000 ppm), while a highly significant increased mortality (36.9–99.7%) was obtained from concentrations ranging from 6.3–100 ppm when A. amadelpha extract was mixed with silver nanoparticles. C. edule extract alone gave moderate effective control with 15.9–90.3% mortality using the above concentrations, whereas the mortality significantly increased (21.8–95.8%) with concentrations ranging from 6.3–100 ppm when C. edule extract was mixed with silver nanoparticles. According to the LC50 values, A. amadelpha with silver nanoparticles (LC50 9.66 ppm) provided more effective control against larval stages of M. domestica than A. amadelpha alone (LC50 133.08 ppm) by a factor of 13.776. Additionally, C. edule alone provided moderately effective control (LC50 300.37 ppm), while when mixed with silver nanoparticles, it provided highly effective control (LC50 21.34 ppm) by a factor of 14.075. Some algae extracts that synthesize silver nanoparticles offer a promising role in housefly integrated pest management (IPM) and may be an effective alternative to conventional synthetic insecticides.

Chrysanthemum extract and extract prepared silver nanoparticles as biocides to control Aedes aegypti (L.), the vector of dengue fever

Hamed A. Ghramh,Kh.M. Al-Ghamdi,Jazem A. Mahyoub,Essam H. Ibrahim 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.1

Mosquitoes play a key role in the transmission of some important diseases. The need for controlling these insectsis critical to reduce their risks to human and domesticated animals. Recently the trend to explore effectivechemical compounds from local plants has begun as a safe means of control. The present study aimed to evaluatethe anti-larval activity of Chrysanthemum extract and the prepared silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) against the Aedesaegypti mosquito, the dengue vector in Saudi Arabia. A series of different concentrations of ethanol extract andextract prepared AgNPs against the fourth-life larvae was tested. The effective concentrations of crude extractand AgNPs ranged from 50 to 250 and 10 to 30 ppm respectively, and the death percentages corresponding tothese concentrations ranged from 18 to 92 and 36 to 96% respectively. According to the LC50 values of treatedlarvae, AgNPs (12.754 ppm) is more effective against A. aegypti mosquito larvae than the crude extract(228.345 ppm) at about 17.9 times. The mixing of the plant extract with the silver nitrate has led to potentiation. This is due to the synergy that occurs between the extract and the silver particles during the reduction process. The compounds in the extract are related to the surface of the particles, increasing the strength of their effects. Itis recommend to separate the active elements in the Chrysanthemum plant and its preparation in the form ofnanoparticles as a promising compound in mosquito control programs with least damage to human kind and theenvironment.

Larvicidal activity of leaf extract of Nerium oleander L. and its synthesized metallic nanomaterials on dengue vector, Aedes aegypti

Al‐Hakimi Ahmed N.,Abdulghani Mahfoudh A.M.,Alhag Sadeq K.,Aroua Lotfi M.,Mahyoub Jazem A. 한국곤충학회 2022 Entomological Research Vol.52 No.3

The development of natural insecticide from plant products may have a beneficial effect as a promising candidate for practical strategies for controlling vector-borne diseases without current treatment. The present study was carried out to characterize green synthesized metallic nanomaterials for silver (Ag-NPs) and gold (Au-NPs) from extract leaf of Nerium oleander L., assess in vivo toxicity, and evaluate the larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. The prepared nanomaterials (Ag-NPs and Au-NPs) were characterized by Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy (UV–Vi s ) , F o u r i e r transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, the subacute in vivo toxicity method was used to assess the extract and the nanomaterials (Ag-NPs and Au-NPs); in evaluating larvicidal activities using the World Health Organization (WHO) method. The Ag-NPs and Au-NPs were confirmed by shifting the absorption band in UV–Vi s , FTIR spectrums toward higher wavelengths. TEM and XRD analysis were revealed that the average particle size of Au-NPs and Ag-NPs showed 15.30 and 11.48 nm, respectively. In the toxicity experiment, no mortality or signs of toxicity were reported in all groups of treated animals; in larvicidal activity, the Au-NPs and Ag-NPs with LC50 36.0716 and 46.645 ppm respectively showed more effectiveness than leaf extract alone 108.1665 ppm. Collectively, extract leaf of N. oleander L. can be efficiently used to synthesize metallic nanomaterials with silver and gold, which can be adopted as a natural source of insecticide against Ae. aegypti.

Efficacy of certain conventional and non‐conventional insecticides against a vector of dengue fever, the Aedes aegypti Mosquito in Saudi Arabia

Algamdi Abdullah G.,Mahyoub Jazem A. 한국곤충학회 2022 Entomological Research Vol.52 No.8

Dengue fever (DF) was originally discovered and registered in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia within the premises of the Jeddah governate (province) during 1994. Currently there is no vaccine against this type of dengue virus, however, the most practical methods of suppression and control of this fatal disease are confined to the control of its vector. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of six types of conventional pesticides of the pyrethroid (Icon 2.5% and Residex C-10EC), organophosphorous (Rizfin 50% EC and Keen 600EC) and biocide (Bacilod and VectoMax) groups against the Aedes aegypti mosquito, as well as four pesticides in the insect growth regulators (IGR) groups (In 2 Mix and Starycide) and the plant oils group (lemon oil and peppermint oil). Taking the LC50 values (the concentration required for killing 50% of the individuals) into consideration, larvae of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes exhibited more susceptibility to Icon 2.5% (0.023 ppm) than Rizfin (0.032 ppm), Residex C-10EC (0.05 ppm), Keen (0.052 ppm), VectoMax FG (0.115 ppm) and Bacilod (0.174 ppm) by approximately 1.39, 2.18, 2.26, 5.1 and 7.6 fold, respectively. Based on the IC50 values (the concentration that prevents the emergence of 50% of adults), the IGR In 2 Mix (IC50 = 0.0023 ppm) revealed more larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti than did Starycide 480 SC (0.0047 ppm), lemon oil (11.842 ppm) and peppermint oil (17.213 ppm) by approximately 2.04, 5.15 and 7.5 fold, respectively. The differences in susceptibility levels can be attributed to the mode of action and the nature of the active ingredients of each pesticide. Generally, these bioassay tests are of great importance to provide reference for mosquito control managers and make informed decisions on the best usage of insecticides.