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In Vitro Effects of Soy Phytoestrogens on Rat L6 Skeletal Muscle Cells
K.L. Jones,J. Harty,M.J. Roeder,T.A. Winters,W.J. Banz 한국식품영양과학회 2005 Journal of medicinal food Vol.8 No.3
Soy isoflavones display estrogenic activity in humans and animals, and thus are referred to as phytoestrogens.This study was performed to observe the effects of the soy isoflavones genistein, daidzein, and glycitein on cell cultures ofrat skeletal muscles. [3H]Thymidine incorporation was used to determine cell proliferation, while protein synthesis and degra-dation were determined by tracking radiolabeled leucine. For the proliferation studies, insulin, estradiol, genistein, daidzein,or glycitein was supplemented at 0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16, 0.31, 0.63, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, or 20 .M, respectively, or in combinationswith final concentrations of 0, 0.1, 1, or 10 .M. Genistein reacted most similarly to estradiol, inhibiting proliferation at . 1.M (P. .001). A combination of phytoestrogens resulted in significant inhibition of cell proliferation, but not to the extentobserved with genistein alone. For the protein synthesis and degradation experiments, treatments of 0.1 .M dexamethasoneor 1 .M concentrations of insulin, genistein, daidzein, or glycitein were used. Phytoestrogens did not inhibit or stimulate pro-tein degradation or synthesis (P. .05). A one-tailed univariate analysis of variance revealed a trend (P. .1) in protein stim-ulation with genistein and glycitein treatments. These results suggest that the tyrosine kinase inhibiting activity of genisteinmay be affecting phosphorylation of the mitosis-promoting factor, preventing the advancement of the mitotic cell cycle. Inaddition, at higher total combined concentrations, daidzein and glycitein may be able to outcompete genistein for receptorsites. These results suggest that soy isoflavones in the diet may potentially modulate normal growth and development in hu-mans and animals that ingest soy-based products.
Informing direct neutron capture on tin isotopes near the N=82 shell closure
Manning, B.,Arbanas, G.,Cizewski, J. A.,Kozub, R. L.,Ahn, S.,Allmond, J. M.,Bardayan, D. W.,Chae, K. Y.,Chipps, K. A.,Howard, M. E.,Jones, K. L.,Liang, J. F.,Matos, M.,Nesaraja, C. D.,Nunes, F. M.,O'M American Physical Society 2019 Physical Review C Vol.99 No.4
GLUTAMATE-INDUCED δ-CATENIN REDISTRIBUTION AND DISSOCIATION FRON POSTSYNAPTIC RECEPTOR COMPLEXES
JONES, S. B.,LANFORD, G. W.,CHEN, Y.-H.,MORIBITO, M.,KIM, K.,Lu, Q. 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 2002 약품개발연구지 Vol.11 No.-
δ-Catenin (or neural plakophilin-related arm-repeat protein/neurojngin) is primarily a brain specific member of the p120^ctm subfamily of armadillo/β-catenin proteins that play important roles in neuronal development. Our previous studies have shown that the ectopic expression of δ-catenin induces the formation of dendrite-like extension and that the overexpresssion of δ-catenin promotes dendritic branching and increases spine density. Here we demonstrate that δ-catenin displays a dendritic distribution pattern in the adult mouse brain and is co-enriched with postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) in the detergent insoluble postsynaptic scaffolds. δ-Catenin forms stable complexes with excitatory neurotransmitter receptors including ionotropic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 2A (NR2A), metabotropic glutamate receptor 1α (mGluR1α), as well as PSD-95 in vivo. In cultured primary embryonic neurons, δ-catenin clusters co-distribute with filamentous actin and resist detergent extraction. In dissociated hippocampal neurons overexpressing δ-catenin, glutamate stimulation leads to a rapid redistribution of δ-catenin that can be attenuated by 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and dizocilpine, selective inhibitors of ionotropic glutamate receptors. Upon glutamate receptor activation, δ-catenin becomes down-regulated and its association with NR2A and mGluR1α in cultured neurons is diminished. These findings support a possible functional connection between δ-catenin and the glutamatergic excitatory synaptic signaling pathway during neuronal development.
The HadGEM2-ES implementation of CMIP5 centennial simulations
Jones, C. D.,Hughes, J. K.,Bellouin, N.,Hardiman, S. C.,Jones, G. S.,Knight, J.,Liddicoat, S.,O&,apos,Connor, F. M.,Andres, R. J.,Bell, C.,Boo, K.-O.,Bozzo, A.,Butchart, N.,Cadule, P.,Corbin, K. D. Copernicus GmbH 2011 Geoscientific model development Vol.4 No.3
<P><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The scientific understanding of the Earth's climate system, including the central question of how the climate system is likely to respond to human-induced perturbations, is comprehensively captured in GCMs and Earth System Models (ESM). Diagnosing the simulated climate response, and comparing responses across different models, is crucially dependent on transparent assumptions of how the GCM/ESM has been driven - especially because the implementation can involve subjective decisions and may differ between modelling groups performing the same experiment. This paper outlines the climate forcings and setup of the Met Office Hadley Centre ESM, HadGEM2-ES for the CMIP5 set of centennial experiments. We document the prescribed greenhouse gas concentrations, aerosol precursors, stratospheric and tropospheric ozone assumptions, as well as implementation of land-use change and natural forcings for the HadGEM2-ES historical and future experiments following the Representative Concentration Pathways. In addition, we provide details of how HadGEM2-ES ensemble members were initialised from the control run and how the palaeoclimate and AMIP experiments, as well as the 'emission-driven' RCP experiments were performed.</p> </P>
Polymorphism in the CagA EPIYA Motif Impacts Development of Gastric Cancer
Jones, K. R.,Joo, Y. M.,Jang, S.,Yoo, Y.-J.,Lee, H. S.,Chung, I.-S.,Olsen, C. H.,Whitmire, J. M.,Merrell, D. S.,Cha, J.-H. American Society for Microbiology 2009 Journal of clinical microbiology Vol.47 No.4
<P>Helicobacter pylori causes diseases ranging from gastritis to peptic ulcer disease to gastric cancer. Geographically, areas with high incidences of H. pylori infection often overlap with areas with high incidences of gastric cancer, which remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Strains of H. pylori that carry the virulence factor cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) are much more likely to be associated with the development of gastric cancer. Moreover, particular C-terminal polymorphisms in CagA vary by geography and have been suggested to influence disease development. We conducted a large-scale molecular epidemiologic analysis of South Korean strains and herein report a statistical link between the East Asian CagA EPIYA-ABD genotype and the development of gastric cancer. Characterization of a subset of the Korean isolates showed that all strains from cancer patients expressed and delivered phosphorylatable CagA to host cells, whereas the presence of the cagA gene did not strictly correlate to expression and delivery of CagA in all noncancer strains.</P>
Anu K. Solanki,Ferdinand V. Lali,Hélène Autefage,Shweta Agarwal,Amy Nommeots-Nomm,Anthony D. Metcalfe,Molly M. Stevens,Julian R. Jones 한국생체재료학회 2021 생체재료학회지 Vol.25 No.1
Background: Bioactive glasses are traditionally associated with bonding to bone through a hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) surface layer but the release of active ions is more important for bone regeneration. They are now being used to deliver ions for soft tissue applications, particularly wound healing. Cobalt is known to simulate hypoxia and provoke angiogenesis. The aim here was to develop new bioactive glass compositions designed to be scaffold materials to locally deliver pro-angiogenic cobalt ions, at a controlled rate, without forming an HCA layer, for wound healing applications. Methods: New melt-derived bioactive glass compositions were designed that had the same network connectivity (mean number of bridging covalent bonds between silica tetrahedra), and therefore similar biodegradation rate, as the original 45S5 Bioglass. The amount of magnesium and cobalt in the glass was varied, with the aim of reducing or removing calcium and phosphate from the compositions. Electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/bioactive glass composites were also produced. Glasses were tested for ion release in dissolution studies and their influence on Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) and expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) from fibroblast cells was investigated. Results: Dissolution tests showed the silica rich layer differed depending on the amount of MgO in the glass, which influenced the delivery of cobalt. The electrospun composites delivered a more sustained ion release relative to glass particles alone. Exposing fibroblasts to conditioned media from these composites did not cause a detrimental effect on metabolic activity but glasses containing cobalt did stabilise HIF-1α and provoked a significantly higher expression of VEGF (not seen in Co-free controls). Conclusions: The composite fibres containing new bioactive glass compositions delivered cobalt ions at a sustained rate, which could be mediated by the magnesium content of the glass. The dissolution products stabilised HIF-1α and provoked a significantly higher expression of VEGF, suggesting the composites activated the HIF pathway to stimulate angiogenesis.
Deep VLA Observations of the Cluster 1RXS J0603.3+4214 in the Frequency Range of 1-2 GHz
Rajpurohit, K.,Hoeft, M.,van Weeren, R. J.,Rudnick, L.,Rö,ttgering, H. J. A.,Forman, W. R.,Brü,ggen, M.,Croston, J. H.,Andrade-Santos, F.,Dawson, W. A.,Intema, H. T.,Kraft, R. P.,Jones, C.,Jee American Astronomical Society 2018 The Astrophysical Journal Vol.852 No.2
<P>We report L-band VLA observations of 1RXS J0603.3+4214, a cluster that hosts a bright radio relic, known as the Toothbrush, and an elongated giant radio halo. These new observations allow us to study the surface brightness distribution down to 1 arcsec resolution with very high sensitivity. Our images provide an unprecedented detailed view of the Toothbrush, revealing enigmatic filamentary structures. To study the spectral index distribution, we complement our analysis with published LOFAR and GMRT observations. The bright 'brush' of the Toothbrush shows a prominent narrow ridge to its north with a sharp outer edge. The spectral index at the ridge is in the range -0.70 <= alpha <= -0.80. We suggest that the ridge is caused by projection along the line of sight. With a simple toy model for the smallest region of the ridge, we conclude that the magnetic field is below 5 mu G and varies significantly across the shock front. Our model indicates that the actual Mach number is higher than that obtained from the injection index and agrees well with the one derived from the overall spectrum, namely M = 3.78(-0.2)(+0.3). The radio halo shows an average spectral index of alpha = -1.16 +/- 0.05 and a slight gradient from north to south. The southernmost part of the halo is steeper and possibly related to a shock front. Excluding the southernmost part, the halo morphology agrees very well with the X-ray morphology. A power-law correlation is found between the radio and X-ray surface brightness.</P>
Chae, K.Y.,Ahn, S.,Ayres, A.,Bardayan, D.W.,Bey, A.,Greife, U.,Howard, M.E.,Jones, K.L.,Kozub, R.L.,Matoš,, M.,Moazen, B.H.,Nesaraja, C.D.,O’Malley, P.D.,Peters, W.A.,Pittman, S.T.,Smith, M.S. Elsevier 2018 Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Vol.900 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Direct measurements of ( α , p ) reactions of astrophysical interest with radioactive beams presents serious challenges because of the difficult nature of helium targets and the typical low intensities of the beams. To address this, a new technique has been developed for measurements of low-energy ( α , p ) reactions with heavy ion beams using an extended <SUP> 4 </SUP> He gas target and a newly developed gas recirculating system. The system was used to measure the <SUP> 4 </SUP> He(<SUP>19</SUP>F, <SUP> 1 </SUP> H)<SUP>22</SUP>Ne reaction as a demonstration. Excitation functions of the <SUP>19</SUP>F( α , p )<SUP>22</SUP>Ne and <SUP>19</SUP>F( α , <SUP> p ′ </SUP> )<SUP>22</SUP>Ne <SUP> ∗ </SUP> reactions were successfully measured to show the viability of this technique. Details of the approach and future plans are given.</P>