Peach-specific aldehyde nonanal attracts female Oriental fruit moths, Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Hui-Ming Xiang,Rui-Yan Ma,Hong-Liang Diao,Xian-Wei Li,Xiao-Juan He,Yong-Fu Guo 한국응용곤충학회 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.20 No.4

The oriental fruit moth (OFM), Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a serious pest of stone and pome fruit trees worldwide. G. molesta can switch hosts and produce multiple generations per year. Both the primary and secondary host plants of G. molesta emit aldehydes. Here, we tested whether these aldehydes are helpful for host switching of G. molesta. SPME (Solid Phase Microextraction)-GC–MS analysis identified four aldehydes (octanal, nonanal, decanal, and benzaldehyde) from volatiles of late-season yellow peach fruits. Of the four aldehydes, eletroantennogram analysis showed that nonanal produced the strongest response from the antennae of virgin and mated females. In Y-tube bioassays, only nonanal was attractive to mated G. molesta females amongst the four aldehydes, suggesting that nonanal is important for host recognition in G. molesta. In a field trial, each of the four aldehydes was tested as an attractant for both sexes of G. molesta. The traps baited with nonanal captured more female G. molesta, as compared to traps with other aldehydes and control; the traps baited with benzaldehyde captured most male G. molesta. Our research investigations provide theoretical foundation for biological control of G. molesta females. Future G. molesta lure designs should take into account sex-specific differences in the response to individual aldehydes.

Two terpenoids activates close mating behavior and enhances trap efficiency of sex pheromone of Grapholita molesta

Hui-Ming Xiang,Zhen Chen,Xian-Wei Li,Yan-Qiong Guo,Xian-Chun li,Rui-Yan Ma 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.4

Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a notorious pest of many Rosaceae crops worldwide. Enhancement of trap efficiency of its sex pheromone was devised by addition of E-β-ocimene and E-β-farnesene. The addition of E-β-ocimene or E-β-farnesene to sex pheromone increased electroantennogram response of male G. molesta compared to sex pheromone alone. Blend of pheromone and E-β-ocimene or E-β-farnesene in 1:0.1 increased the upwind flight and landing behaviors. Furthermore, field experiments showed that sex lures with Eβ-ocimene, or /and E-β-farnesene, enhanced trapping efficiency compared to sex pheromone alone. These results may provide the basis for the development of efficient pest management systems against G. molesta using plant volatiles and insect sex pheromones.

Iron Depletion Decreases ROS in Porcine Early Embryos Developing In Vitro

Ming-Hui Zhao,Shuang Liang,Jung-Woo Kwon,Seon-Hyang Kim,Nam-Hyung Kim,Xiang-Shun Cui 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2014 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.38 No.2s

Iron is an important element which takes part in several biological processes. The role of iron in porcine oocyte maturation and early embryo development was still unknown. In the present study, iron was depleted by deferoxamine (DFM), a specific iron chelator, during in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro culture (IVC) period respectively. Results showed that, oocytes were matured with 1 μM DFM for 44 h followed by parthenogenetic activation (PA) displayed higher (p<0.05) blastocyst rate compared to without DFM in IVM medium. Another hand, supplemented with 0.5 μM DFM to the IVC medium for 7 days enhanced blastocyst formation both in PA and in vitro fertilization (IVF) groups (p<0.05). Although there was no difference in total cell number in IVF-derived blastocysts between control and iron depleted group, apoptotic index was significantly (p<0.05) decreased following iron depletion. ROS content in MII oocyte and blastocyst was significantly (p<0.05) decreased after iron depletion. For clarify the mechanism of the phenomenon, expressions of apoptotic- and ROS-related genes in the blastocyst were checked. Iron depletion reduced the expression of Caspase 3 and increased Bcl-xL in blastocyst (p<0.05), but there was no significanly differenc in m-RNA expression of Nox4. Mitochondrial membrane potential was increased both in MII oocytes and blastocysts after DFM treatment. In conclusion, iron depletion decreased ROS in oocytes and embryos developing in vitro, further enhanced mitochondrial activity and reduced the apoptosis in blastosyst, resulted in enhancement of the developmental capacity in porcine early embryos.

Zinc Regulate Meiotic Resumption and Metaphase Arrest in Porcine Oocyte

Ming-Hui Zhao,Jung-Woo Kwon,Shuang Liang,Seon-Hyang Kim,Nam-Hyung Kim,Xiang-Shun Cui 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2014 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.38 No.2s

Zinc is an extremely important trace element that plays important roles in several biological processes. In this study, we investigated the role of zinc during meiotic resumption and metaphase arrest in in vitro matured porcine oocytes. Oocytes which arrest at GV or MII stage were treated with TPEN, a Zn2+ chelator, respectively. Meiotic resumption and activation were assayed. Effect of PMA, a PKC activator, on GVBD blocking and oocytes activation results from TPEN treatment were checked. Depletion of zinc with TPEN blocked meiotic resumption and results in failure of metaphase II arrest. The p34cdc2 activity in both MII oocytes and GVBD oocytes which treated with TPEN was decreased. Phosphorylated MAPK also be decreased in GVBD stage after TPEN treatment which might be explained by the low expressions of C-mos Cyclin B1 and Cdc2 in GVBD stage. But treated the oocytes with PKC agonist PMA rescued the meiotic resumption and increased MAPK and increases p34cdc2 activity. Treatment oocytes with PMA in GV stage also increased the zinc content in cytoplasm, showed that zinc regulate meiotic resumption is a PKC dependent event. However, although TPEN treatment reduced phosphorylation of PKC substrates in both meiotic resumption and MII stage, rescue the PKC substrates phosphorylation with PMA didn’t prevent the activation of oocytes caused by zinc depletion. These data demonstrate zinc regulates meiotic resumption via a PKC dependent pathway, but independent of that in maintain metaphase arrest in porcine oocytes.

Suppression of CDK2 expression by siRNA induces cell cycle arrest and cell proliferation inhibition in human cancer cells

( Xiang E Long ),( Zhao Hui Gong ),( Lin Pan ),( Zhi Wei Zhong ),( Yan Ping Le ),( Qiong Liu ),( Jun Ming Guo ),( Jiu Chang Zhong ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2010 BMB Reports Vol.43 No.4

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is a member of serine/threonine protein kinases, which initiates the principal transitions of the eukaryotic cell cycle and is a promising target for cancer therapy. The present study was designed to inhibit cdk2 gene expression to induce cell cycle arrest and cell proliferation suppression. Here, we constructed a series of RNA interference (RNAi) plasmids which can successfully express small interference RNA (siRNA) in the transfected human cells. The results showed that the RNAi plasmids containing the coding sequences for siRNAs down-regulated the cdk2 gene expression in human cancer cells at the mRNA and the protein levels. Furthermore, we found that the cell cycle was arrested at G0G1 phases and the cell proliferation was inhibited by different siRNAs. These results demonstrate that suppression of CDK2 activity by RNAi may be an effective strategy for gene therapy in human cancers. [BMB reports 2010; 43(4): 291-296]

Fast Kalman Equalization for Time-Frequency Asynchronous Cooperative Relay Networks With Distributed Space-Time Codes

Hui-Ming Wang,Qinye Yin,Xiang-Gen Xia IEEE 2010 IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology VT Vol.59 No.9

<P>Cooperative relay networks are inherently time and frequency asynchronous due to their distributed nature. In this correspondence, we propose a transceiver scheme to combat both time and frequency offsets for cooperative relay networks with multiple relay nodes. At the relay nodes, a distributed linear convolutive space-time coding is adopted, which has the following advantages: 1) Full cooperative diversity can be achieved using a minimum mean square error (MMSE) or MMSE decision feedback equalizer (MMSE-DFE) detector, instead of a maximum-likelihood receiver when only time asynchronism exists. 2) The resultant equivalent channel possesses some special structure, which can be exploited to reduce the equalization complexity at the destination node. By taking full advantage of such a special structure, fast Kalman equalizations based on linear MMSE and MMSE-DFE are proposed for the receiver, where the estimation of the state vector (information symbols) can be recursively taken and become very computationally efficient, compared with direct equalization. The proposed scheme can achieve considerable diversity gain with both time and frequency offsets and applies to frequency-selective fading channels.</P>

A Linear Analog Network Coding for Asynchronous Two-Way Relay Networks

Hui-Ming Wang,Xiang-Gen Xia,Qinye Yin IEEE 2010 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS Vol.9 No.12

<P>Time asynchronism is a practical issue need to be addressed for a general distributed two-way relay network, where two terminal nodes exchange information through multiple spatial-separated relay nodes. In this letter, we propose an analog network coding (ANC) scheme for a time asynchronous two-way relay network. In the proposed scheme, each relay node linearly transforms the received mixed asynchronous signals in the first time-slot by a Toeplitz matrix, and then broadcasts them back to the terminals in the second time-slot. A sufficient condition is derived for the proposed ANC to achieve full cooperative diversity using only linear receivers at the terminal nodes, such as zero-forcing (ZF), or minimum mean square error (MMSE) receivers, with any delay profiles of the timing errors. The decoding of the proposed ANC scheme is computationally efficient and the symbol rate can approach 1, when the coding block length is sufficiently large compared to the number of relay nodes R and the timing errors.</P>

Zinc Depletion Causes Multiple Defects in Oocytes during Meiotic Resumption

Ming-Hui Zhao,Nam-Hyung Kim,Xiang-Shun Cui 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2013 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.37 No.2s

Port-Site Metastases and Chimney Effect of B-Ultrasound-Guided and Laparoscopically-Assisted Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Perfusion Chemotherapy

Ming-Chen Ba,Hui Long,Xiang-Liang Zhang,Yuan-Feng Gong,Zhao-Fei Yan,Shuai Wang,Yun-Qiang Tang,Shu-Zhong Cui 연세대학교의과대학 2017 Yonsei medical journal Vol.58 No.3

Purpose: CO2 leakage along the trocar (chimney effect) has been proposed to be an important factor underlying port-site metastasisafter laparoscopic surgery. This study aimed to test this hypothesis by comparing the incidence of port-site metastasis betweenB-ultrasound-guided and laparoscopically-assisted hyperthermic intraperitoneal perfusion chemotherapy (HIPPC). Materials and Methods: Sixty-two patients with malignant ascites induced by gastrointestinal or ovarian cancer were divided into two groups to receive either B-ultrasound-guided or laparoscopically-assisted HIPPC. Clinical efficacy was assessed from the objective remission rate (ORR), the Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score, and overall survival. The incidence of port-site metastasis was compared between the two groups. Results: Patients in the B-ultrasound (n=32) and laparoscopy (n=30) groups were comparable in terms of age, sex, primary diseasetype, volume of ascites, and free cancer cell (FCC)-positive ascites. After HIPPC, there were no significant differences between the B-ultrasound and laparoscopy groups in the KPS score change, ORR, and median survival time. The incidence of port-site metastasis after HIPPC was not significantly different between the B-ultrasound (3 of 32, 9.36%) and laparoscopy (3 of 30, 10%) groups, but significantly different among pancreatic, gastric, ovarian, and colorectal cancer (33.33, 15.79, 10.00, and 0.00%, p<0.001). Conclusion: The chimney effect may not be the key reason for port-site metastasis after laparoscopy. Other factors may play a role, including the local microenvironment at the trocar site and the delivery of viable FCCs (from the tumor or malignant ascites) to the trauma site during laparoscopic surgery.

A high-stability neutron generator for industrial online elemental analysis

Xiang-quan Chen,Lei Xiong,Hui Xie,Jing-fu Guo,Xue-ming Zhang,Yong-jun Dong Korean Nuclear Society 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.4

The yield stability of the neutron generator directly affects the accuracy of elemental analysis. This paper presents an industrial fully automatic neutron generator with a 48 mm neutron tube based on PLC to improve the stability and reliability of the neutron generator in industrial applications. By integrating a Kalman Filter with the PID algorithm in a PLC, the neutron yield of the generator is remarkably stabilized, achieving 1 × 10⁸n/s. The neutron generator has been employed for industrial online elemental analysis. The results demonstrate that only a slight fluctuation of ±0.82 % exists in the neutron yield, and the reproducibility of the generator holds at a significant level of 0.05. This improved neutron generator can be applied to the online bulk analysis of carbon in coal-fired power stations and absolute measurement of neutron source emission rate.