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Sugiyama, Yukiko,Nagata, Yoshie,Fukuta, Fumimasa,Takayanagi, Akio,Masumori, Naoya,Tsukamoto, Taiji,Akasaka, Hiroshi,Ohnishi, Hirofumi,Saito, Shigeyuki,Miura, Tetsuji,Moriyama, Kaoru,Tsuji, Hirokazu,Ak Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6
Background: Isoflavones, which are included in soybeans, have been suggested to protect against prostate cancer. Equol, one of isoflavones, is an intestinally derived bacterial metabolite of daidzein. A newly identified equol-producing bacterium, Slackia sp. strain NATTS, with a high equol-producing activity was isolated from human feces in Japanese adults. Counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS in intestinal flora have not been assessed with regard to prostate cancer risk. In this study, we investigated the association of serum isoflavones and counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS with prostate cancer risk in a case-control study. Materials and Methods: Concentrations of isoflavones and counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS in feces were measured from 44 patients with prostate cancer and 28 hospital controls. The risk of prostate cancer was evaluated in terms of odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by the logistic regression analysis. Results: The detection proportions of Slackia sp. strain NATTS in cases and controls were 34.1% and 25.0%, respectively. Counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS were significantly correlated with serum concentrations of equol both in cases and controls (Spearman correlation coefficients, $r_s$=0.639 and $r_s$=0.572, p<0.01, respectively). Serum concentrations of genistein, daidzein, glycitein, and equol were not significantly associated with risk of prostate cancer. Conclusions: This study found that counts of Slackia sp. strain NATTS correlated with serum concentrations of equol both in prostate cancer cases and controls, but serum isoflavone concentrations were not associated with risk of prostate cancer in our patients.
Role of Hydrogen Generation by Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Oral Cavity
Tomoko Kanazuru,Kumiko Nagata,Hiroshi Matsui,Kunihiko Watanabe,Eisuke F. Sato,Emiko Kasahara,Mika Jikumaru,June Inoue,Masayasu Inoue 한국미생물학회 2010 The journal of microbiology Vol.48 No.6
Some gastrointestinal bacteria synthesize hydrogen (H2) by fermentation. Despite the presence of bactericidal factors in human saliva, a large number of bacteria also live in the oral cavity. It has never been shown that oral bacteria also produce H2 or what role H2 might play in the oral cavity. It was found that a significant amount of H2 is synthesized in the oral cavity of healthy human subjects, and that its generation is enhanced by the presence of glucose but inhibited by either teeth brushing or sterilization with povidone iodine. These observations suggest the presence of H2-generating bacteria in the oral cavity. The screening of commensal bacteria in the oral cavity revealed that a variety of anaerobic bacteria generate H2. Among them,Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) generated significantly large amounts of H2 in the presence of glucose. Biochemical analysis revealed that various proteins in K. pneumoniae are carbonylated under standard culture conditions, and that oxidative stress induced by the presence of Fe++ and H2O2 increases the number of carbonylated proteins, particularly when their hydrogenase activity is inhibited by KCN. Inhibition of H2generation markedly suppresses the growth of K. pneumoniae. These observations suggest that H2 generation and/or the reduction of oxidative stress is important for the survival and growth of K. pneumoniae in the oral cavity.
Implementation of Medical Diagnostic System Based on Epidemiological Data
Hideaki Takata,Hiroki Nogawa,Hiroshi Nagata,Yuichiro Gomi,Hiroshi Tanaka 대한의료정보학회 2007 Healthcare Informatics Research Vol.13 No.2
Objective: We implemented automatic online medical consultation software. It infers disease of patients with knowledge about symptoms and the epidemiologic data. And we compared its performance of inference with that of human doctors.Methods: This software accepts information about users' age, sex, and symptoms, lists up diseases compatible with these information, and sorts diseases by probability. We implement this software with Ruby and C. Results: We compared diseases listed up by this software with those that by two human doctors, and found that 1) 90% of confirmed diagnoses was included in the list this software inferred, and 2) more than 50% of diseases in the list this software inferred are same diseases as ones both of two human doctors inferred. Conclusion: This software can not determine final diagnosis. But this software lists up probable diseases only by interview. Then we believe this software will be useful for patients when they want to check themselves before consulting their doctor. We believe that this software will be useful for patients to check their health status. (Journal of Korean Society of Medical Informatics 13-2, 181-185, 2007)
Kumagai, Hozumi,Kusaba, Hitoshi,Okumura, Yuta,Komoda, Masato,Nakano, Michitaka,Tamura, Shingo,Uchida, Mayako,Nagata, Kenichiro,Arita, Shuji,Ariyama, Hiroshi,Takaishi, Shigeo,Akashi, Koichi,Baba, Eishi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.1
Background: Antiemetic triplet therapy including dexamethasone (DEX) is widely used for patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). In Japan, the appropriate dose of DEX has not been established for this combination. Materials and Methods: To assess the efficacy and safety of increased-dose DEX, we retrospectively examined patients receiving HEC with antiemetic triplet therapy. Results: Twenty-four patients (fosaprepitant group) were given an increased-dose of DEX (average total dose: 45.8mg), fosaprepitant, and 5-HT3 antagonist. A lower-dose of DEX (33.6mg), oral aprepitant, and 5-HT3 antagonist were administered to the other 48 patients (aprepitant group). The vomiting control rates in the fosaprepitant and aprepitant groups were 100% and 85.4% in the acute phase, and were 75.0% and 64.6% in the delayed phase. The incidences of toxicity were similar comparing the two groups. Conclusions: Triplet therapy using an increased-dose of DEX is suggested to be safe and effective for patients receiving HEC.
Hydrogen photoproduction by use of photosynthetic organisms and biomimetic systems
Allakhverdiev, Suleyman I.,Kreslavski, Vladimir D.,Thavasi, Velmurugan,Zharmukhamedov, Sergei K.,Klimov, Vyacheslav V.,Nagata, Toshi,Nishiharad, Hiroshi,Ramakrishna, Seeram Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.2
Hydrogen can be important clean fuel for future. Among different technologies for hydrogen production, oxygenic natural and artificial photosyntheses using direct photochemistry in synthetic complexes have a great potential to produce hydrogen, since both use clean and cheap sources: water and solar energy. Artificial photosynthesis is one way to produce hydrogen from water using sunlight by employing biomimetic complexes. However, splitting of water into protons and oxygen is energetically demanding and chemically difficult. In oxygenic photosynthetic microorganisms such as algae and cyanobacteria, water is split into electrons and protons, which during primary photosynthetic process are redirected by photosynthetic electron transport chain, and ferredoxin, to the hydrogen-producing enzymes hydrogenase or nitrogenase. By these enzymes, $e^-$ and $H^+$ recombine and form gaseous hydrogen. Biohydrogen activity of hydrogenase can be very high but it is extremely sensitive to photosynthetic $O_2$. In contrast, nitrogenase is insensitive to $O_2$, but has lower activity. At the moment, the efficiency of biohydrogen production is low. However, theoretical expectations suggest that the rates of photon conversion efficiency for $H_2$ bioproduction can be high enough (>10%). Our review examines the main pathways of $H_2$ photoproduction by using of photosynthetic organisms and biomimetic photosynthetic systems.