Current status of exotic insect pests in Korea: comparing border interception and incursion from 1996–2014

Wonhoon Lee,Jong-Ho Lee,Heungsik Lee,Ki-JeongHong 한국응용곤충학회 2016 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.04

Interception data pertaining to Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera, and Hymenoptera collected at the Korean quarantine border were cross-checked with incursion data from 1996–2014. Overall, 114,636 interception records of 1,075 species belonging to the six orders were detected, while 33 species were confirmed as incursion species in Korea. Among the 33 species, only 14 (42.42%) were recorded as being intercepted at the quarantine border. These results indicate recent incursion species in Korea are not subject to inspection at Korean border. Among the 33 incursion species, 30 (90.90%) are agricultural pests, and 10 species (30.30%) are Hemiptera. Two factors, green house cultivation and parthenogenesis of exotic species, are suggested as reasons for successfully mounting an incursion into Korea. Taken together, the results of this study revealed that border inspections do not provide useful information to protect against occurrences of exotic species incursion and the current quarantine system needs improvement. In addition, it is necessary to consider how interception data might be collected in the future to improve its predictive power with respect to predicting incursion risk.

Dark winged fungus gnats (Sciaridae: Diptera) collected from shiitake mushroom in Korea

Seungkwan Shin,Heungsik Lee,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10

Five genera and 7 species of sciarid flies were collected in shiitake mushroom farm from 2007 to 2009. Among them, Lycoriella ingenua was dominant as a possible pest of the shiitake mushroom cultivated in plastic bottles. Other six species are reported for the first time in Korea.

Two New Dipteran Pests on Shiitake Mushroom Camptomyia spp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), in Korea

Seungkwan Shin,Heungsik Lee,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.05

Camptomyia is a genus of gall midges belonging to subfamily Porricondilinae. On the study of shiitake mushroom farm in Korea, three species of maggots were collected. Among them, two Camptomyia spp. were recognized as the major pests. Colonies of these maggots were feeding on the mycelium of shiitake mushroom, disturbing the formation of mushroom fruit body. The morphology of C. heterobia and C. corticalis were illustrated with the description.

Molecular identification of dipteran pest from shiitake mushroom bedlogs

Seunggwan Shin,Heungsik Lee,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05

Cecidomyiidae and Sciaridae (Diptera: Sciaroidea) are mostly mycophagous, feeding on decaying plant materials and fungi. On the shiitake bedlogs, great number of larvae of the species cause serious damage, feeding on the mycelium of the shiitake mushroom. We confirmed five species emerged from the shiitake bedlogs, which are two cecidomyiids and three sciarids. Using the DNA barcording, the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) region (658 bp), the larvae and adult flies were identified, and Camptomyia corticalis was confirmed as a major pest on shiitake mushroom.

Camptomyia heterobia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), a new pest on shiitake mushroom

Seungkwan Shin,Heungsik Lee,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2008 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

Camptomyia is a genus of gall midges belonging to subfamily Porricondilinae, with 42 species known from the palaearctic region. In November 2007, serious damages of the Shiitake mushroom logs were reported in many shiitake farms from the middle part of South Korea. Rearing the adults in laboratory, a Camptomyia species was recognized as the major species causing damages on shiitake. Colonies of maggots were observed, feeding the mycelium of shiitake mushroom and the phloem of oak timbers, disturbing the mushroom fruit body formation. The morphology of the larvae and adult of this Camptomyia heterobia. is illustrated with the description of the damage symptom.

Study on the molecular identification of Dark-winged fungus gnats (Diptera: Sciaridae) using mitochondrial COI gene

Seungkwan Shin,Heungsik Lee,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.05

In the family Sciaridae, only 3 species have been recorded in Korea, as the pests on various crops and mushrooms in glasshouse (Bradysia difformis Frey, 1948, Bradysia procera (Winnertz, 1868), Lycoriella ingenua (Dufour, 1839)), even though Sciaridae is one of the species-rich families in the order Diptera. There are plenty of species unknown in Korea which are very hard to identify by morphological characters in the larval, pupal stages and also female adults as well. Therefore, using the sequences of cytochrome oxidase I gene (COI) from adult male, we tested the utilities of DNA barcode to identify the species of sciarid flies.

Taxonomic Review of the Genus Bardysia (Diptera: Sciaridae) in Korea

Seungkwan Shin,Heungsik Lee,Seunghwan Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

As a member of fungus gnats, the genus Bradysia can be the pests on many kind of agricultural crops, including mushroom farming. Feeding on healthy roots of crops, they can also spread root rot diseases. In Korea Bradysia difformis is known as major pest in greenhouse crops (carrot, cucumbers, garlic, melon, potatoes, radish, strawberries, sugarbeet, sweetpepper, sweetpotato, etc). Besides Bradysia difformis, we report six Bradysia species for the first time in Korea.

Current status of invasive insect pests and its countermeasures in Korea

Heungsik Lee 한국응용곤충학회 2021 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.04

조직 내부의 부정에 대한 구성원의 대결 및 침묵 의도의 예측 : Kohlberg의 도덕발달 6단계가 중요한가?

박흥식(HEUNGSIK PARK),이시영(SHIYOUNG LEE),이지문(JIMOON LEE) 한국부패학회 2012 한국부패학회보 Vol.17 No.2

이 연구에서는 구성원이 조직 내부에서 부정을 보았을 때 이에 맞설 것인가 침묵할 것인가의 의도 예측 에, Kohlberg 도덕발달 이론에서 개인의 도덕 발달의 수준이 중요한 역할을 하는가를 분석하였다. 그 동안 부정에 대한 구성원의 반응이라는 점에서의 대결 및 침묵 의도와 개인의 도덕발달 수준 간의 관계에 대한 연구는 거의 없었다. 이러한 점에서 첫째, Kohlberg의 도덕발달 6 단계에 의한 구성원의 도덕발달 수준이 내 부에서 부정을 목격했을 때 이에 맞설 것인가 침묵할 것인가의 의도를 예측하는 유효한 변수인가? 그런 경 우, 도덕 발달 각 단계는 이러한 의도를 얼마나 설명하는가를 연구문제로 설정하고 가설을 수립하였다. 이를 검증하고자 설문지를 개발, 교육기관 구성원들을 대상으로 조사하였다. 총 290명으로부터 응답을 받아 분석 한 결과, 첫째 구성원 개인의 도덕발달 수준은 대체로 중요한 예측 변수가 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, Kohlberg 이론에서 개인의 도덕발달 수준을 나타내는 P 값은 부정에 맞서려는 의도 예측에는 유의하였으나 기대했던 것과는 반대로 영향은 부정적이었다. 또 침묵 예측에는 유의하지 않았다. 셋째, 반응 의도에 대한 개인 도덕발달 수준의 영향은 대결 및 침묵 의도 모두를 포함하여, Kohlberg 도덕발달 이론의 6단계 마다 달랐다. 즉 4, 6단계는 대결에 유의한 예측 변수였으나, 침묵 의도에 대하여는 3, 6 단계가 유의하였다. 이 연구는 이러한 결과에 기초하여 함축적 의미와 공직윤리 및 연구를 위한 시사점을 도출, 제시하였다. This study reports the results of our empirical research into if employees’ level of moral reasoning assessed by Kohlberg’s moral theory plays a significant role in predicting their intent to confront and stay silent about wrongdoing in the organization. Few studies have explored the relationship between employees’ moral development and their intent of confrontation and silence as a response to wrongdoings. We attempted to answer the following questions: Is employees’ development of moral reasoning assessed by Kohlberg’s six stages of moral development a significant predictor of their intent to confront and stay silent about wrongdoing? If so, to what extent does each of the stages predict those intents? To test hypotheses, we used 290 usable returned responses from public employees in education agencies nationwide in South Korea. The main results of this paper can be described as follows. First, the overall employees’ development of moral reasoning was hardly a significant predictor. Second, the P-score was a significant but negative predictor of confrontation while it was not a significant predictor of silence. Third, the predictors of employees’ responses(either confrontation or silence) are different depending on the stages of Kohlberg’stheory of moral development. Stage 4 and 6 were a significant predictor of employee confrontation while as for silence, Stage 3 and 6 were significant. This paper provides some discussion and implications for ethics officers and researchers.

조직 내 부정 신고의 의도에 대한 도덕발달의 영향

박흥식(HEUNGSIK PARK),이시영(SHIYOUNG LEE),이지문(JIMOON LEE) 한국부패학회 2012 한국부패학회보 Vol.17 No.1

대부분의 연구자들은 조직 내에서 발생하거나 은폐된 부정의 증거를 드러내는 내부고발을 도덕적 행동으로 간주한다. 이러한 믿음은 내부고발자가 도덕발달이라는 점에서 다른 사람들보다 높은 수준에 있는가라는 의문을 갖게 한다. 이 연구의 목적은 조직에서 내부자의 부정 신고 의도와 콜버그의 도덕발달 6단계 간의 관계를 검토하는 것이었다. 내부 부정 신고의 유형과 콜버그 도덕발달 이론에 관한 선행연구를 검토한 후, 질문지 방법을 사용하여 데이터를 수집하였다. 290매의 최종 유효 표본을 분석에 사용하였다. 분석 결과, 콜 버그 도덕발달 이론에서의 P-score는 부정 신고에 유의한 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 한 가지 흥미있는 결과 는 도덕발달과 내부자의 부정 신고 의도는 콜버그 6단계의 각각에 따라 다른 것으로 나타났다는 점이다. 콜 버그의 6단계 중 윤리적 기준과 규정의 준수 의무를 강조하는 4 단계는 내부신고 의도가 높았으나, 집단의 감정, 믿음, 이익을 강조하는 3 단계는 낮았다. 이 연구는 내부고발 의도 촉진의 방법 모색에 대한 함축적 의미를 제시한다.