A Study of Bangladesh’s Maritime Strategy Options and Its Development Prospects

He hongmei(hongmei He) 아시아사회과학학회 2023 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.10 No.1

The Bay of Bengal, the largest bay in the world, is of strategic importance to the littoral countries including Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka and Thailand. With 118,000 square kilometres of territorial waters, a 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone and a portion of the continental shelf, following the successful resolution of maritime boundary disputes with its neighbours, Bangladesh has an excellent new opportunity to make full use of the sea and its resources. Bangladesh has placed a high priority on the Blue Economy in its maritime strategy in recent years, with an emphasis on driving the country's blue economic growth and achieving sustainable development goals. The vast potential for commerce and trade, tourism, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, and access to deep-water ports is an opportunity to develop Blue Economy. In view of its interests in the vast maritime areas of the Bay of Bengal, an in-depth understanding of Bangladesh's maritime strategy would be useful to gauge the overall strategic situation in the Bay of Bengal in a timely and effective manner.

Viewing Sino-India Relations from the Perfective of Indian Visa Policy

He Hongmei,Shi Qianfan,Ma Li’ai 아시아사회과학학회 2021 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.2 No.3

Looking back at history, it can be found that the Indian government has formulated a well stringent visa policy due to the impact of various factors such as India s internal affairs and foreign policies. To a certain extent, India’s strict visa policy is a product of its conservative foreign policy. With all-round development of politics, economy, and society in recent years, especially after Modi’s government took power and drove concepts of “Hindutva” and “Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam”, the self-confident government has carried out an “ambitious” foreign policy and continuously strengthened its ties with other countries around the world, which has effectively promoted the reform and change of India’s visa policy. Meanwhile, the flourishing visa policy also drives the transition of India’s foreign policy. In the 21st century, as the largest developing countries in the world, the relationship between China and India has been regarded as “Dragon Elephant Dispute” and it attracts worldwide attention. As Asia’s largest neighbor, China and India develop robustly, and the intention and possibility of cooperation and trust-building in bilateral economy, politics and culture are getting much stronger. However, for a long time in the past, India s strict visa policy has become a hurdle of the bilateral relations. Reviewing the literature, it is found that there are fruitful outcomes in the study of Sino-India relations, but few studies have probed into Sino-India relations from the changes of the visa policy. This paper attempts to sort out changes of Indian visa policy and the history of Sino-India relations, clarify the relationship between them, and make a judgment on the development of Indian visa policy and Sino-India relations.

Comparative Study of Nationalism and National Identity Paradigms between India and Pakistan

He Hongmei,Zhou Shaoqing 아시아사회과학학회 2022 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.7 No.3

Whether viewed from theoretical hypothesis or historical experience, nationalism and national identity are the two pillars during the process of nation-state building. After the “partition of India”, the nationalist forces of India and Pakistan have also grown stronger. At the same time, it has greatly influenced the national identity of the people of India and Pakistan and has had a profound impact on the process of nation-state building in India and Pakistan.

A Study on Food Security in Bangladesh Since the Outbreak of COVID-19

He Hongmei,Zhou Jie 아시아사회과학학회 2022 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.6 No.1

Food security has been widely concerned by countries all over the world and the international community for a long time. As one of the most densely populated agricultural countries in the world, food security has always been an important factor threatening the social stability and national development of Bangladesh. In recent years, Bangladesh has achieved food self-sufficiency, and its grain output is increasing year by year, which basically guarantees food supply, access, utilization, and stability. However, under the impact and influence of COVID-19 epidemic, Bangladesh has maintained a relatively stable state of food security, while its domestic food security situation is inevitably threatened directly or indirectly. The continuity of food production and the stability of food supply, the ability of agricultural livelihood and poor people to obtain food, and people’s nutrition and health are facing risks and challenges. Bangladesh still has a long way to go to realize the promise of “food security for all”.

Exploration on the Normative Principles and Paths of People-to-People Exchange (CPE) among BRICS Countries from the Perspective of “A Community of Shared Future for Mankind”

He Hongmei,He Chenhan 아시아사회과학학회 2020 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.1 No.3

People-to-people exchanges have become an important engine and power for BRICS countries to deepen cooperation and exchanges. Under the background of “anti-globalization”, rethinking the significance of “People-to-People Exchange (CPE)” from the perspective of “A Community of Shared Future for Mankind” has become an important prerequisite for deepening BRICS cooperation. The CPE among the diverse BRICS countries can not only promote the harmonious coexistence of different civilizations, enhance political mutual trust, enhance people’s friendship, and consolidate the foundation of public opinion, but also increase trust, dispel doubts, eliminate stereotypes and maintain regional peace. However, due to their long history and great cultural differences, there are still many problems to be solved urgently in the process of cultural exchanges among BRICS countries, such as the influence of cultural and religious differences, the differences between ideology and political system, and the deconstruction of “anti-globalization” trend of thought on cultural exchanges among BRICS countries. Therefore, cultivating common values on the basis of pluralistic sharing (this article is summarized as four concepts of CPE: peace, common development, mutual learning of civilizations, and respect for cultural diversity) has become an urgent task for BRICS countries to exchange and learn from each other’s civilizations. The purpose is to form a joint force, promote regional and world peace and development, and finally achieve the ultimate goal of jointly building a “BRICS Community” and a Community of Shared Future for Mankind.

New Trends and Characteristics of Religious Nationalism in South Asia and Southeast Asia: Taking India, Pakistan, and Myanmar as Examples

He Hongmei 아시아사회과학학회 2022 Jornal of Asia Social Science Vol.7 No.1

Multi-nationalities and multi-religions are intertwined, which leads to a very complicated development situation of religious nationalism in South Asia and Southeast Asia. As far as South Asia is concerned, ethnic conflicts caused by the upsurge of religious nationalism have become increasingly frequent in recent years, such as the conflicts between Hindus and Muslims in India, Buddhists and Muslims in Sri Lanka, and the conflicts between religious majorities and religious minorities and secularism in Pakistan and Bangladesh. Similarly, the development trend of religious nationalism in Southeast Asia is complicated. From the perspective of South Asia and Southeast Asia, Hindu nationalism, Islamic nationalism and Buddhist nationalism are the three main religious nationalism. In recent years, with the constant change of the world power structure, the vigorous development of Islamic fundamentalism in the world, the constant adjustment of geopolitics and regional power structure, the development of religious nationalism in various countries has new trends and characteristics. The following will take India, Pakistan and Myanmar as examples to discuss the development trends and characteristics of religious nationalism in South Asia and Southeast Asia.

比较分析宗教在印巴两国民族国家构建中的作用

和红,梅(He, Hongmei),时,仅,(Shi, Jin),贾,露(Jia, Lu) 한국정치사회연구소 2021 한국과 국제사회 Vol.5 No.5

印度半岛是世界上宗教历史最悠久的区域,宗教贯穿了从古印度到英属印度,再到后来印巴分治的历史发展过程。第二次世界大战结束之后,随着世界民族解放运动热潮澎湃,再加上英属印度境内的印度教徒和穆斯林之间的对立不断激化,宗主国英国推出了《蒙巴顿方案》来承认穆斯林建立独立政权的权力,这最终导致印度于1950年正式构建了民族国家,紧接着1956年巴基斯坦构建了共和国。宗教因素对印巴两国的民族国家构建,以及对建国后的从政治经济等各个领域都起到了重要的作用。本文在比较分析印度教对印度建国的作用和伊斯兰教对巴基斯坦建国的作用后,论证了宗教在印巴两国民族构建作用方面的相同点和差异性。本文发现了宗教是印巴两国构建民族国家的思想基础,但在凝聚力方面存在明显差异;宗教思想不同程度的影响了两国的国家政策和施政纲领;宗教还不同程度的强化了两国各民族对于国家的认同感。 The Indian peninsula is the region with the longest religious history in the world. Religion runs through the historical development process from ancient India to British India, and then to the partition between India and Pakistan. After the second world war, with the booming of national movement for emancipation, coupled with British India suffering from intensified confrontation between hindus and muslims, suzerain Britain introduced the ‘Mountbatten Plan’ to admit Muslim to establish a separated regime, which ultimately led to the construction of India nation-state in 1950, and the formation of Pakistan followed in 1956. Religious factors played an important role in the nation-state construction, as well as in various fields including politics, economy and so on after the establishment of the two countries. After a comparative analysis of the Hinduism’s role in the founding of India and that of Islam in the founding of Pakistan, this paper demonstrated the similarities and differences of religions’ roles in India and Pakistan. As a result, this paper found that religions were the ideological basis for both India and Pakistan to build a nation-state, but there are obvious differences in cohesion. Religious thoughts have influenced the national policies and administrative programs of the two countries in different degrees. Religions also more or less have strengthened the sense of national identity of each ethnic group in the two countries.

Rapid visual detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis by recombinase polymerase amplification combined with a lateral flow dipstick

Guimin Zhao,Hongmei Wang,Peili Hou,Chengqiang He,Hongbin He 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.2

Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) is a chronic debilitating disease of domestic and wild ruminants. However, widespread point-of-care testingis infrequent due to the lack of a robust method. The isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technique has applied for rapiddiagnosis. Herein, RPA combined with a lateral flow dipstick (LFD) assay was developed to estimate DNA from Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. First, analytical specificity and sensitivity of the RPA-nfo primer and probe sets were assessed. The assay successfullydetected M. paratuberculosis DNA in 30 min at 39oC with a detection limit of up to eight copies per reaction, which was equivalent to thatof the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay. The assay was specific, as it did not amplify genomes from five otherMycobacterium spp. or five pathogenic enteric bacteria. Six hundred-twelve clinical samples (320 fecal and 292 serum) were assessed byRPA-LFD, qPCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The RPA-LFD assay yielded 100% sensitivity, 97.63% specificity,and 98.44% concordance rate with the qPCR results. This is the first report utilizing an RPA-LFD assay to visualize and rapidly detect M. paratuberculosis. Our results show this assay should be a useful method for the diagnosis of paratuberculosis in resource-constrained settings.

A Study on Status Quo and Problems of Cultural Exchange of Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor from the Perspective of Soft Power

Sun Xiqin,He Hongmei,Zhou Yunsong,Zhou Yuting 한국정치사회연구소 2019 한국과 국제사회 Vol.3 No.2

소프트 파워는 국제 교류 및 지역 협력에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 방글라데시·중국·인도·미얀마 지역은 지리적으로 보면 서로 인접되어 있으며 역사적으로 왕래가 빈번한다. 2013년 중·인 양국이 방글라데시·중국·인도·미얀마 경제회랑 건설을 제의한 후에, 방글라데시와 미얀마가 이 제안에 적극적으로 호응하면서 4국 간의 교류는 더욱 밀접해진다. 방·중·인·미 경제회랑 지역은 중국 서남과 방글라데시·인도·미얀마를 연결하는 중요한 통로 될 것이고, 이를 통해 관련지역의 문화교류도 많아질 것이다. 하지만 4국 간에는 문화교류는 중국과 인도의 소프트 파워에 의해 불균형한 상태로 보인다. 중국·인도는 방글라데시·미얀마에 대해 문화 제품이 더 많이 수출하고 있고, 이는 많은 분야에서 방글라데시와 미얀마에게 영향을 주고 있다. 향후에 이 경제회랑은 문화교류 및 협력 가속화하는 배경 하에, 지속 가능한 발전 체제를 구축해 나가야하며, 이를 통해 4국의 소프트 파워 영향력을 균형화시켜서 지역문화의 백화제방(百花齐放)를 달성할 것이다. Nowadays, soft power is playing a more important role in international communication and cooperation, and as cultural exchange in regional cooperation is deeply influenced by national soft powers, the development is usually unbalanced. Bangladesh, China, India and Myanmar are adjacent to each other with a long history of intercourse. In the year 2013, initiation of constructing Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor advocated by China and India was responded positively by Bangladesh and Myanmar. Since then, the world has witnessed an increasing connection of these four countries. Being the critical bond connecting the southwestern areas of China and Bangladesh, India as well as Myanmar, Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor is characterized by multiple regional cultures along with frequent connections in cultural products and activities. However, cultural exchange now is dominated by imbalanced development due to potent soft power of China and India that these two countries export more cultural products to the rest, which has an impact in many fields of Bangladesh and Myanmar. Priority should be given to coordinated development in cultural exchange regarding the construction of Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor. Only by developing a sustainable development mechanism for cultural exchange, to coordinate the influences of soft powers of these four countries, then a fine complexion of all flowers are in bloom can be created, returning to five original intention of the construction of this economic corridor: “Policy Communication” and “Strength People-to-people Ties”, etc.

试论中印教育交流合作的理论与实践

和红,梅(Hongmei He),李蜀榆,(Shuyu Li),周雨婷,(Yuting Zhou) 한국국회학회 2020 한국과 세계 Vol.2 No.1

随着全球化的发展, 国家(区域)之间的交流合作日益得到推进。中印两国不仅是世界上人口最多的大国, 也是亚洲区域内最大的发展中国家, 加强两国之间政治、经济、社会文化等各领域的交流与合作不仅对亚洲乃至世界的和平与发展将做出突出的贡献。然而, 基于历史和现实原因, 中印两国之间的交流合作不论从深度还是广度方面都亟待得到提升。进入21世纪, 作为全球化影响的一种有效回应的跨国教育合作的发展日益成为中印交流合作的重要方面。然而, 由于历史遗留问题、政治互信问题、社会文化差异性问题、经济交流不充分等方面的问题导致中印交流合作表现出了不充分和不完善等方面的问题。2013年, “一带一路”倡议提出后, 以“包容性”著称的南亚大国印度却对此表现出“疑虑”和“消极”的态度。“文明因多样而交流, 因交流而互鉴, 因互鉴而发展”, 而“人是文明交流最好的载体”。因此, 在这个背景下, 中印两国更需要加强教育合作, 才能更好地实现两国文明的交流互鉴。 With the development of globalization, exchanges and cooperation between countries sub-regions have been promoted day by day. China and India are not only the most populous countries in the world, but also the largest developing countries in Asia. Strengthening exchanges and cooperation between the two countries in the political, economic, social and cultural fields will not only make outstanding contributions to peace and development in Asia and the world at large. However, due to historical and practical reasons, the exchanges and cooperation between China and India need to be improved in terms of both depth and breadth. In the 21st century, as an effective response to the impact of globalization, the development of transnational education cooperation has increasingly become an important aspect of Sino-Indian exchanges and cooperation. However, due to the problems left over from history, political mutual trust, social and cultural differences, inadequate economic exchanges and other problems, Sino-Indian exchanges and cooperation have shown inadequate and imperfect and other problems. In 2013, after the “BRI” put forward, India, a big country in South Asia known for its “inclusiveness”, showed a “skeptical” and “negative” attitude towards it. “Civilizations communicate because of diversity, learn from each other, and develop because of mutual learning”, while “people are the best carrier for civilization exchanges.” Therefore, in this context, China and India need to strengthen education cooperation in order to better realize the exchanges and mutual learning between the civilizations of the two countries.