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Rotationally reconfigurable metamaterials based on moiré phenomenon.
Han, Jae-Hyung,Kim, Inbo,Ryu, Jung-Wan,Kim, Jungjoon,Cho, Jin-Ho,Yim, Geo-Su,Park, Hyun-Sung,Min, Bumki,Choi, Muhan Optical Society of America 2015 Optics express Vol.23 No.13
<P>Exploiting moiré interference, we make a new type of reconfigurable metamaterials and study their transmission tunability for incident electromagnetic waves. The moiré pattern is formed by overlapping two transparent layers, each of which has a periodic metallic pattern, and the cluster size of the resulting moiré pattern can be varied by changing the relative superposition angle of the two layers. In our reconfigurable metamaterials, both the size and structural shape of the unit cell can be varied simultaneously through moiré interference. We show that the transmission of electromagnetic waves can be controlled from 90% to 10% at 11 GHz by experiments and numerical simulation. The reconfigurable metamaterial proposed here can be applied in bandpass filters and tunable modulation devices.</P>
Han, Sung Gu,Lee, Jong Seong,Ahn, Kangho,Kim, Yong Soon,Kim, Jin Kwon,Lee, Ji Huyn,Shin, Jae Hoon,Jeon, Ki Soo,Cho, Wan Seob,Song, Nam Woong,Gulumian, Mary,Shin, Beom Soo,Yu, Il Je Springer-Verlag 2015 Archives of toxicology Vol.89 No.7
<P>Gold nanoparticles are known to be distributed to many tissues following their oral, inhalation, or intravenous exposure. Information on the biodistribution and clearance of gold nanoparticles from these tissues is, therefore, important to understand their behavior in vivo. To study the effect of size on the biodistribution of gold nanoparticles, Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed by inhalation to small gold nanoparticles (13?nm in diameter on average) at an exposure concentration of 12.8??2.42??g/m(3), and to large gold nanoparticles (105?nm in diameter on average) at an exposure concentration of 13.7??1.32??g/m(3). The experimental animals were exposed to the gold nanoparticles and the control animals to fresh air for 5?days (6?h/day), followed by a recovery period of 1, 3, and 28?days in fresh air. None of the exposed animals exhibited any toxic response to the gold nanoparticles. Despite the difference in size, both small and large gold nanoparticles deposited mainly in rat lungs. Their biodistribution from the lungs to secondary target organs was significantly higher with the small compared to the large gold nanoparticles. While the large gold nanoparticles were only found in the blood, the small gold nanoparticles were detected in the liver, spleen, brain, testes, and blood. In addition, the elimination half-life of the small gold nanoparticles from the lungs was significantly shorter than that of the large gold nanoparticles. The present data may, therefore, suggest that the smaller gold nanoparticles are able to translocate from the lungs, the primary exposure organ to extrapulmonary organs at a faster rate than the larger gold nanoparticles and thus confirming previous observations reported in the literature.</P>
Overexpression of PRAT1 protein is closely related to triple-negative breast cancer
Sang Eun Nam,Young-Sin Ko,Kyoung Sik Park,TongYi Jin,Young-Bum Yoo,Jung-Hyun Yang,Wook-Youn Kim,Hye-Seung Han,So-Dug Lim,Seung Eun Lee,Wan-Seop Kim 대한외과학회 2022 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.103 No.2
Purpose: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with a poor prognosis and a lack of targeted therapy. Overexpression of PRAT1 is thought to be associated with this aggressive subtype of cancer. Here, we performed a comprehensive analysis and assessed the association between overexpression of PRAT1 and TNBC. Methods: First, using different web-based bioinformatics platforms (TIMER 2.0, UALCAN, and GEPIA 2), the expression of was assessed. Then, the expression of the PRAT1 protein and hormone receptors and HER2 status were assessed by immunohistochemical analysis. For samples of tumors with equivocal immunoreactivity, we performed silver in situ hybridization of the HER2 gene to determine an accurate HER2 status. Next, we used the R package and bc-GenExMiner 4.8 to analyze the relationship between PRAT1 expression and clinicopathological parameters in breast cancer patients. Finally, we determined the relationship between PRAT1 overexpression and prognosis in patients. Results: The expression of PRAT1 in breast cancer tissues is significantly higher than in normal tissue. PRAT1 expression was significantly related to worse overall survival (P < 0.05) and was correlated with these clinicopathological features: T stage, N stage, age, high histologic grade, estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, Her-2 status, TNBC status, basal-like status, CK5/6 status, and Ki67 status. Conclusion: PRAT1 was overexpressed in breast cancer compared to normal tissue, and it may be involved in the progression of breast cancer malignancy. This study provides suggestive evidence of the prognostic role of PRAT1 in breast cancer and the therapeutic target for TNBC.
Intracystic Papillary Carcinoma in the Male Breast
Wan Wook Kim,Sung Mo Hur,Sung Hoon Kim,Se-Kyung Lee,Sangmin Kim,Eun Yoon Cho,Jun-Ho Choe,Jeong Eon Lee,Jung-Han Kim,Jee Soo Kim,Seok Jin Nam,Jung-Hyun Yang 대한외과학회 2010 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.78 No.6
Intracystic papillary carcinoma (IPC) is an extremely rare disease in the male breast with a few case reports. We present a case of a 61-year-old male who had IPC and review regarding diagnosis, characteristics and treatment. He had a chief complaint of a subareolar mass. It was diagnosed as a benign cystic intraductal papilloma by fine needle aspiration outside hospital. His radiologic studies including mammography and ultrasonography showed a suspicious malignant mass categorized as a BIRADS 4A in the right subareolar area. Therefore, the patient underwent wide excision without sentinel lymph node biopsy. The final pathologic results revealed a 1.6 ㎝ sized intraductal papillary carcinoma of low nuclear grade with clear resection margin. He has taken tamoxifen and received adjuvant radiation therapy.
Sang Ho Lee,Dong Ju Oh,Ah Young Hwang,Dong Suk Han,Shin Kim,Jae Kyeong Jeong,Jong Wan Park IEEE 2015 IEEE electron device letters Vol.36 No.8
<P>This letter reports the effects of Ca doping into Cu films, which was used as a source/drain (S/D) electrode for high performance amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O (IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with a low resistive-capacitive delay time. The IGZO TFTs with Ca-doped Cu S/D exhibited three times higher saturation mobility (16 cm<SUP>2</SUP>/Vs) and substantially lower subthreshold gate swing of 0.39 V/decade than the control devices with pure Cu S/D. The SIMS profile and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy showed that Ca effectively prevented the Cu atoms from diffusing into channel IGZO region presumably as a result of Ca-O bond formation, which is responsible for their superior device performances.</P>
Improving the Overall Efficiency for DC/DC Converter with LoV-HiC System
Han, Dong-Hwa,Lee, Young-Jin,Kwon, Wan-Sung,Bou-Rabee, Mohammed A.,Choe, Gyu-Ha The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2012 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.12 No.3
It is very important to improve the overall efficiency of systems with a source of power that has low-voltage high-current terminal characteristics such as fuel cells. A resonant converter is required for high efficiency systems. However, the peak value of the switches current is large in a resonant converter. This peak current requires a large number of switches and results in system failures. In this paper, an analysis and experiments of a resonant isolation push-pull converter are performed. A switching loss analysis is performed in order to compare losses between a resonant push pull converter and a hard switching push-pull converter. Specially, the conduction loss is studied based on the ratio between the resonant frequency and the switching frequency. In addition, a method for improving the efficiency is implemented with conventional HF insolation converters.
Sung, Myung-Soon,Lee, Eun-Gyeong,Jeon, Hyun-Soon,Chae, Han-Jung,Park, Seoung Ju,Lee, Yong Chul,Yoo, Wan-Hee Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 INFLAMMATION Vol.35 No.4
<P>This study was aimed to determine the effects of quercetin on the interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced proliferation of rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) and production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cyclooxygenase (COX), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by RASFs. The proliferation and apoptosis of RASFs was evaluated with CCK-8 reagent and flow cytometry in the presence of IL-1with CCK-8 reagquercetin. The expression of MMPs, IL-1β enhanced the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, COXs, PGE2, and intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalings including phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), p-p38, phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), and nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) were examined by immunoblotting or semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in conditions as described above. Quercetin inhibits unstimulated and IL-1β-induced proliferation of RASFs and MMP-1, 3, COX-2 messenger ribonucleic acid and protein expression, PGE2 production induced with IL-1β. Quercetin also inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK-1/2, p38, JNK and activation of NF-kB by IL-1ed. These results indicate that quercetin inhibits synovial fibroblasts proliferation and MMPs, COX-2, and PGE2 production, which involved joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and suggest that it might be a new therapeutic agent for management of RA.</P>
Han, Sun-Kyung,Choi, Hyun-Jong,Lee, Sang-Myeong,Shin, Myeong-Su,Lee, Wan-Kyu Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.3
The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterize bacteriocin-producing bacteria against Clostridium perfringens from domestic animals to determine their usefulness as probiotics. The feces of cattle and chicken were used as sources to isolate bacteriocin-producing bacteria using the spot-on-lawn method. In total, 900 bacterial stains were isolated from domestic animal feces, and 19 strains were finally selected after determining the inhibitory activity against the pathogenic indicator C. perfringens KCTC 3269. Eighteen strains of Bacillus subtilis and one strain of Brevibacillus parabrevis were identified by 16s rRNA sequencing. Most of the bacterial strains isolated were resistant to 0.5% bile salts and remained viable after 2 h at pH 3.0. Additionally, some B. subtilis strains showed strong inhibitory activity against Listeria monocytogenes. We isolated and screened B. subtilis strains CB 153 and CB 189 from cattle and B. subtilis MSC 156 and B. parabrevis MSC 164 from chickens using probiotic selection criteria such as inhibition activity against C. perfringens and tolerance to acid and bile salts. The isolated bacteriocin-producing bacteria and/or bacteriocin have the potential to be used as probiotics in the livestock industry.