Non-resonant piezoelectric transformer based power converter for ultra-low-power electronic devices

Jabbar, Hamid,Jung, Hyun Jun,Cho, Jae Yong,Sung, Tae Hyun Elsevier 2016 Sensors and actuators. A Physical Vol.244 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Piezoelectric transformer is used in its resonance frequency range to step-up or -down the input voltage. When the transformer is operated with alternating voltage in the non-resonance frequency range, which can be a few hertz, the transformer input works as an actuator, and the isolated output as a sensor to step-down the voltage. The output voltage has a linear relationship to its input the voltage. In this paper, the piezoelectric transformer in the non-resonant and low frequency range is represented by an equivalent circuit. A power converter that steps-down the mains voltage of 220V and 60Hz to supply power to a micro-watt consuming wireless sensor node is presented. This small size, fewer component, isolated, low EMI, and no inductive component converter has total input power consumption of 31mW with 3V and 11.2μW of output voltage and power respectively.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Low-frequency and non-resonant behavior of Piezoelectric Transformer is presented. </LI> <LI> Equivalent circuit of non-resonant piezoelectric transformer is presented. </LI> <LI> The presented system can supply energy for ultra-low power electronics devices. </LI> <LI> Application specific design can improve efficiency and increase the output power. </LI> <LI> Overall power consumption of the system is very low (31mW). </LI> </UL> </P>

무선 네트워크상에서 개선된 에너지 효율을 고려한 저전력 센서 네트워크의 연구

최인화 ( Inhwa Choi ),하미드잡발 ( Hamid Jabbar ),황준 ( Jun Hwang ),박경린 ( Gyungleen Park ),정태경 ( Taikyeong Jeong ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2009 인터넷정보학회논문지 Vol.10 No.4

무선 네트워크 솔루션은 자유로운 이동성과 설치의 간편성 때문에 많은 영역에서 사용되고 있다. 무선 네트워크를 구성하는 센서들이 서로 정보를 공유하기 위해서는 무선통신을 지원하는 프로토콜이 필요하다. 대표적인 프로토콜은 Mobile IPv6가 있다. 그러나 각 센서들은 제한된 전력과 컴퓨팅 능력을 갖기 때문에 이 프로토콜을 사용하는 것은 매우 비효율적이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 에너지 효율을 높일 수 있는 개선된 센서 회로를 설계하였으며, 센서 네트워크상에서 필요하지 않은 센서를 휴면상태로 둠으로써 에너지 소비를 줄일 수 있는 알고리즘을 구성하였다. Wireless network solution is used in many area because of free mobility and easy of establishment. Sensors that compose wireless network need protocol that support wireless communication to share information each other. As representative protocol, we currently witnessed IPv6 protocol. However, due to the limitation of sensors`s electric power and computing ability, it is inefficient that each sensors use this protocol. In this paper, we designed improved sensor circuit that can heighten energy efficiency in sensor network to solve these problem and composed algorithm that can pare down energy consumption using method to make unnecessary sensor in sleep-mode.

Optimized composite piezoelectric energy harvesting floor tile for smart home energy management

Kim, Kyung-Bum,Cho, Jae Yong,Jabbar, Hamid,Ahn, Jung Hwan,Hong, Seong Do,Woo, Sang Bum,Sung, Tae Hyun Elsevier 2018 Energy conversion and management Vol.171 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>One factor in the energy management of smart home is based upon the location of the home occupants. This location information then can be used to control various electrical and electronic devices and appliances. A floor tile is presented which can be used at different locations in the home and can generate enough energy to wirelessly transmit the information to electrical appliance when a person steps on it. In this work, a novel piezoelectric material system of 0.72Pb(Zr<SUB>0.47</SUB>Ti<SUB>0.53</SUB>)O<SUB>3</SUB>-0.28Pb[(Zn<SUB>0.45</SUB>Ni<SUB>0.55</SUB>)<SUB>1/3</SUB>Nb<SUB>2/3</SUB>]O<SUB>3</SUB> + x mol% CuO (PZNxC) was designed, and the energy harvesting characteristics were tailored through composition driven phase boundary evolution. The rhombohedral-tetragonal phase boundary is the best performance area in terms of energy harvesting, which exhibits an obvious advantage in regards to stable energy harvesting. When a person steps on the floor tile, the peak output voltage and current of 42 V and 11 μA, was generated. This energy is then utilized to power a wireless sensor node which can control the power on and off function of home appliances in a real-time.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Piezo energy harvester composed of optimized PZN0.5C ceramic was developed. </LI> <LI> Performance of piezo energy harvester was closely related to the d<SUB>33</SUB>∙g<SUB>33</SUB>. </LI> <LI> The floor tile is utilized to power which can control a WSN switch in a real-time. </LI> </UL> </P>

저 전력 센서를 이용한 MEMS 회로의 구현과 시스템 효율의 진단

김태완(Taewan Kim),고수은(Sooeun Ko),Hamid Jabbar,이종민(Jongmin Lee),최성수(Sungsoo Choi),이장호(Jangho Lee),정태경(Taikyeong Jeong) 대한전자공학회 2008 電子工學會論文誌-SC (System and control) Vol.45 No.1

앞으로 conversions 시대의 도래와 진보된 기술 발전으로 인해 많은 기기들이 복잡해지고 또한 다양해지고 있음에 이처럼 다양하고 복잡한 기기들이 정밀하고 정확한 결과를 나타내기 위해 센서의 보다 더 정확하고 저전력의 Sensor들이 필요하게 되었다. 본 논문의 목적은 센서 네트워크를 위한 Fault tolerance와 Feedback 이론 그리고 무선 네트워크를 통해 에너지 효율성이 높은 MEMS 회로를 제안한다. 시스템은 휴무상태를 이용, 사용하지 않는 설정으로 전력소비를 줄이기 위해 가능한 한독립적인 센서 통신 구현하였으며, 최소한의 하위 회로 수를 요구한다. 이러한 기술은 관리적인 측면의 제어와 하드웨어적 요구, 시간, 상호작용적 문제를 줄여 시스템 실행에 영향을 끼치며 개발된 센서에 의한 Moving Distance별 Product를 조사하여 시스템효율을 비교하였다. 이 시스템은 응용을 위해 디자인 되어 있지만 이 시스템은 "유비쿼터스 시티", "공장 자동화 공정", "실시간 처리 시스템"등에서 많은 일상 환경과 생산 환경에 적용될 수 있을 것이다. Many machineries and equipments are being changing to various and complicated by development of recent technology and arrival of convergence age in distant future. These various and complicate equipments need more precise outcomes and low-power consumption sensors to get close and exact results. In this paper, we proposed fault tolerance and feedback theorem for sensor network and MEMS circuit which has a benefit of energy efficiency through wireless sensor network. The system is provided with independent sensor communication if possible as unused action, using idle condition of system and is proposed the least number of circuits. These technologies compared system efficiency after examining product of each Moving Distance by developed sensor which gives effects to execution of system witch is reduced things like control of management side and requirement for hardware, time, and interaction problems. This system is designed for practical application; however, it can be applied to a normal life and production environment such as “Ubiquitous City”, “Factory Automata ion Process”, and “Real-time Operating System”, etc.

Design of optimized cantilever form of a piezoelectric energy harvesting system for a wireless remote switch

Cho, Jae Yong,Kim, Kyung-Bum,Jabbar, Hamid,Sin Woo, Jeong,Ahn, Jung Hwan,Hwang, Won Seop,Jeong, Se Yeong,Cheong, Haimoon,Yoo, Hong Hee,Sung, Tae Hyun Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. A, Physical Vol.280 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A smart lighting system can be controlled using a smartphone and/or human activated wireless remote switches. We designed a wireless remote switch using a cantilever type piezoelectric energy harvester to make a battery-less IoT node device that has high output power but a small tip displacement through frequency up-conversion. The purpose of this design is to overcome the conventional volume problem of the piezoelectric cantilever beam. In order to apply the high resonance frequency to the model at constant displacement, we set the limiting conditions of maximum vertical displacement of the cantilever beam to be 1 mm and a human input pressing force of 5–8 N, the force generally required when a human presses a switch button. In these limiting conditions, different shapes of steel substrate were used to find the optimal harvester that meets the limiting conditions and generates about 65 μJ of energy at 5 kΩ resistive loads under free vibration. Using this harvester, we designed a wireless remote switch with an impact type mechanical mechanism with two cantilever type energy harvesters to generate 140 μJ of energy, requiring no impedance matching circuit. This energy was then used to power a microcontroller to transmit data packets using ZigBee Green Power communication. Three identical data packets were transmitted by the wireless remote control switch to ensure data reception by the smart LED bulb and to toggle the bulb on or off state. Finally, this study successfully contributed to elevating the possibility of commercialization of the piezoelectric harvester based wireless remote switch for IoT.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We designed a wireless remote switch using piezoelectric energy harvester to make a battery-less IoT node device. </LI> <LI> The device can be self-powered and requires small displacement through frequency up-conversion concept. </LI> <LI> Impact type mechanism was utilized for the switch with two cantilever type harvesters to generate 140 μJ. </LI> <LI> Finally, we succeeded to transmit the data packets of bulb on/off to the receiver by our device. </LI> </UL> </P>