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M. Rekha,N. Nagaraju,H.R. Manjunath 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.1
Mn/Al2O3 and Mn/ZrO2 were prepared by precipitation method. Their catalytic activity was investigated in the synthesis of biologically important bis(indolyl)methanes via, a condensation reaction between an indole and different aldehydes. The materials exhibited excellent catalytic activity (TOF in the range 180–380 h1) and produced the expected product in good yield and selectivity. Isolation of product from the reaction mixture was simple and neat. The catalysts were found to be recyclable and used up to five cycles without any loss in their catalytic activity. Mn/ZrO2 was also found to be a better catalyst than Mn/Al2O3 in terms of isolated yield of the product and recyclability. Mn/ZrO2 catalyst was found to be selective for aldehydes and not for ketones. In order to investigate the relationship between the catalytic activity and physico-chemical properties, Mn/Al2O3 and Mn/ZrO2 were characterized for their surface and bulk properties by PXRD, BET, TPD-NH3 and SEM techniques. A good correlation between the catalytic activity of the materials and the concentration of the acid sites with intermediate strength was observed. Mn/ZrO2 exhibited rod like structure. This material was found to be a general catalyst for the synthesis of a number of bis(indolyl)methane derivatives with good yield and selectivity.
Prakash, Y.,Somashekarappa, H.,Manjunath, A.,Mahadevaiah, Mahadevaiah,Somashekar, R. Techno-Press 2013 Advances in materials research Vol.2 No.1
The transition metal salt doped solid polymer electrolyte [TSPE] were prepared with HPMC as a host polymer. The virgin and doped films were prepared by solution-casting method and investigated using wide angle X-ray scattering method. Micro structural parameters like lattice strain (g%), stacking/twin faults, the average number of unit cells counted in a direction perpendicular to the Bragg's plane (hkl) spacing of (hkl) planes dhkl, crystallite size Ds, distortion width, standard deviation were determined by whole pattern powder fitting (WPPF) method, which is an extension of single order method. It is found that the crystallite size decreases with the increase in the content of $FeCl_3$. This decrease is due to increase in localized breaking of polymer network which also accounts for the amorphous nature of the material. The filler inorganic salt $FeCl_3$ acts as plasticizer. FTIR study also confirms and justifies the interaction between the polymer and in-organic salt in the matrix. Physical properties like mechanical stability and Ac conductivity in these films are in conformity with the X-ray results.