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복수화염 구조와 조건 평균 방법을 이용한 정적 연소실의 디젤 분무 해석
조현수(H.S Cho),한가람(Karam Han),허강열(Kang Y. Huh) 한국자동차공학회 2012 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.5
A understanding of diesel spray characteristics is important to improve the efficiency of diesel engine. Simulations of diesel spray combustion in constant chamber instead of the simulation of diesel engine are still essential to evaluate the effect of different fuel because of its simplicity. Engine Combustion Network (ECN) provides useful experimental data about diesel spray characteristic in constant chamber to simulation of n-heptane spray characteristics. To simulate these data, Conditional Moment closure (CMC) which is the turbulent diffusion combustion model is adopted and combined with OpenFOAM code to provide conditional flame structure to determine the mean state variable, instead of the mean reaction rate. An independent transport equation is solved for each flame group with equal mass of sequentially evaporating fuel vapor. In this paper, CMC code calculate the ECN data to show suitability of CMC model at diesel spray combustion and dependency of the number of flame group. OpenFOAM code simulates the spray combustion phenomena and calculates the Ignition delay and Lift off length at different conditions of ambient oxygen concentration and temperature. Result shows that the CMC model with multiple flame histories can be applied to the diesel spray combustion by comparing the ignition delay and lift off length.
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Farag, Ahmed Karam,Hassan, Ahmed H.E.,Jeong, Hyeanjeong,Kwon, Youngji,Choi, Jin Gyu,Oh, Myung Sook,Park, Ki Duk,Kim, Yun Kyung,Roh, Eun Joo Elsevier 2019 European journal of medicinal chemistry Vol.162 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Kinase irregularity has been correlated with several complex neurodegenerative tauopathies. Development of selective inhibitors of these kinases might afford promising anti-tauopathy therapies. While DAPK1 inhibitors halt the formation of tau aggregates and counteract neuronal death, CSF1R inhibitors could alleviate the tauopathies-associated neuroinflammation. Herein, we report the design, synthesis, biological evaluation, mechanistic study, and molecular docking study of novel CSF1R/DAPK1 dual inhibitors as multifunctional molecules inhibiting the formation of tau aggregates and neuroinflammation. Compound <B>3l</B>, the most potent DAPK1 inhibitor in the <I>in vitro</I> kinase assay (IC<SUB>50</SUB> = 1.25 μM) was the most effective tau aggregates formation inhibitor in the cellular assay (IC<SUB>50</SUB> = 5.0 μM). Also, compound <B>3l</B> elicited potent inhibition of CSF1R in the <I>in vitro</I> kinase assay (IC<SUB>50</SUB> = 0.15 μM) and promising inhibition of nitric oxide production in LPS-induced BV-2 cells (55% inhibition at 10 μM concentration). Kinase profiling and hERG binding assay anticipated the absence of off-target toxicities while the PAMPA-BBB assay predicted potentially high BBB permeability. The mechanistic study and selectivity profile suggest compound <B>3l</B> as a non-ATP-competitive DAPK1 inhibitor and an ATP-competitive CSF1R inhibitor while the <I>in silico</I> calculations illustrated binding of compound <B>3l</B> to the substrate-binding site of DAPK1. Hence, compound <B>3l</B> might act as a protein-protein interaction inhibitor by hindering DAPK1 kinase reaction through preventing the binding of DAPK1 substrates.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Multifunctional DAPK1 and CSF1R inhibitors for targeting tauopathies. </LI> <LI> <B>3l</B> shows good potency and excellent affinity and within-family selectivity for both kinases. </LI> <LI> Mechanistic study showed <B>3l</B> as non-ATP-competitive DAPK1 inhibitor and ATP-competitive CSF1R inhibitor. </LI> <LI> <B>3l</B> has tau aggregation inhibition and anti-neuroinflammatory activity in cellular assays. </LI> <LI> hERG binding and PAMPA assays revealed <B>3l</B> as a cardiosafe and has a high membrane penetration. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Jang, Kwonwoo,Han, Karam,Lee, GwangGoo,Baek, Se H.,Park, Ho Y.,Huh, Kang Y. American Chemical Society 2018 ENERGY AND FUELS Vol.32 No.7
<P>A computational simulation was performed to predict ash deposition in an industrial scale coal-fired boiler. The single-rate model and the improved <I>n</I>th order model were employed for devolatilization and char reaction with the model constants obtained from PC Coal LAB.(1) Ash particles were deposited on the wall by inertial impaction with the capture efficiency in terms of the estimated viscosity. The models for char combustion and ash deposition were implemented as new user defined functions in ANSYS-FLUENT.(2) The results showed that the deposition of blended coals was in good agreement with measurements under the influence of the surrounding flow field in a pilot scale furnace. The same combustion and ash deposition models were applied to the 500 MWe tangentially fired boiler burning blended coals. Ash deposition results for the boiler showed the same tendency as the measured data in terms of the wall fouling resistance. A larger deposition was predicted at the heat exchangers for sub-bituminous coal than for bituminous coal. However, there was no significant influence of the coal types in the furnace region. A parametric investigation was performed on ash deposition with respect to injection location and tilt angle of the burners. Deposition in the ash hopper was affected by the injection location but not by the coal types. The results showed a maximum ash deposition at the heat exchanger section for sub-bituminous coal from the lower burner set. Ash deposition increased in the ash hopper for the downward tilt angle of burners, whereas the maximum deposition occurred at the heat exchangers for the upward tilt angle.</P>
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Measurement of (n,xnγ) Reactions of Interest for the New Nuclear Reactors
J. C. Thiry,C. Borcea,P. Dessagne,J. C. Drohe,E. Jericha,H. Karam,M. Kerveno,A. J. Koning,A. Negret,A. Pavlik,A. Plompen,C. Rouki,G. Rudolf,M. Stanoiu 한국물리학회 2011 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.59 No.23
The design of Generation IV nuclear reactors and the research of new fuel cycles require knowledge of the cross sections of different nuclear reactions. Our research is focused on cross section measurements of (n,xnγ) reactions occurring in these new reactors. The aim is to measure unknown cross sections and to reduce the uncertainty on present data relative to reactions and isotopes present in transmutation or regeneration processes. The current work consists of studying ^(232)Th(n,n'γ) and ^(235)U(n,xnγ) reactions in the fast neutron energy domain (up to 20 MeV). The experiments are performed at the GEel LINear Accelerator (GELINA) which delivers a pulsed, white neutron beam at IRMM, Belgium. The time characteristics of the beam enable us to measure neutron energies with the time of flight (TOF) technique. The neutron induced reactions (in this case inelastic scattering and (n,2n) reactions) are identified by online prompt γ spectroscopy with an experimental setup including 4 HPGe detectors. A double layered fission chamber is used to monitor the incident neutron flux. The experimental setup and analysis methods will be presented and a comparison between the obtained cross sections and the TALYS predictions will be discussed. This work is a first step in the preparation of the measurement of ^(233)U(n,xnγ) reactions, which are completely unknown at this stage although of very high importance in the ^(232)Th regeneration process.
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