Differential Cytotoxicity of Penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose in Human Cancer and Normal Cell Lines of Various Origins

Hyeon-Jeong Lee(이현정),Min-Gyeong Kim(김민경),Song-Yeong Lee(이송영),Min-Hyock Song(송민혁),Yoon-Dong Kim(김윤동),Jeong-Sook Ha(하정숙),Gie-Joon Jeong(정계준),Gyu-Jin Rho(노규진),Byeong-Gyun Jeon(전병균) 한국생명과학회 2016 생명과학회지 Vol.26 No.11

본 연구는 다당체의 한 종류인 penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG)가 사람의 여러 조직에서 기원하는 여러 암세포주(A-549, MDA-MB-231, U87-MG, MCF-7 및 PANC-1), 정상 MRC-5 태아 섬유아세포 그리고 사랑니에서 유래한 간엽줄기세포(DPSCs)에 미치는 세포독성 효과를 조사하였다. IC50값은 다른 세포주에 비해 높은 증식률을 나타내는 A-549 및 MDA-MB-231 암세포주에서 유의적으로 낮게 관찰되었다. 10 uM의 PGG가 포함된 배양액에서 세포를 7일 동안 배양한 결과, 세포배가시간은 모든 세포주에서 유의적으로 늘어났고, 세포배가시간과 IC50값의 관계를 조사한 결과, 세포배가시간이 늘어남에 따라 IC50값은 비례적으로 증가됨을 증명하였다. 또한, 10 uM의 PGG로 처리된 세포주들은 노화와 관련된 ß-galactosidase의 활성도가 높게 관찰되었다. 특히, telomerase 활성도는 A-549 및 MDA-MB-231 암세포주에서 다른 세포주에 비하여 현저히 감소하는 것을 관찰하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 PGG는 높은 증식률을 보이는 암세포주에서 높은 세포독성효과를 나타내어 잠재적인 항암물질임을 증명하였다. The present study examined the cytotoxic effects of 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG), known as the pentahydroxy gallic acid ester of glucose, in the various human cancer cell lines (A-549, MDA-MB-231, U87-MG, MCF-7 and PANC-1), normal MRC-5 fetal fibroblasts, and dental papilla tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DPSCs). Significantly (p<0.05) lower half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were observed in the A-549 and MDA-MB-231 cells showing a high proliferation capacity, compared with other cancer and normal cell lines with a relatively low proliferation capacity. The population doubling time (PDT) was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the 10 μM PGGtreated cell lines than those of untreated control cell lines. The present study demonstrated that the IC50 value increases proportionally to the extending PDT. A high cell number with senescence-associated ß-galactosidase activity was also observed in the 10 μM PGG-treated cells compared with those of untreated control cells. Moreover, the level of telomerase activity was significantly (p<0.05) decreased with 10 μM PGG treatment, especially in A-549 and MDA-MB-231 cells showing a high proliferation capacity. Based on these observations, PGG could serve as a potent agent for cancer chemotherapy, as its treatment was more effective in cells with a high proliferation capacity.

營巢 場所에 따른 등검정쌍살벌(Polistes jadwigae Dalla Torre)의 蜂群의 發達, 寄生蟲 感染率 및 生存率에 關하여

鄭癸俊,李碩雨,金正坤 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1987 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.3 No.-

1. 등검정쌀살벌은 營巢 場所로 主로 돌 밑, 지붕의 처마 밑 等을 選好하여 植物의 줄기에도 營巢한다. 2. 蜂群의 生存率은 江邊 地域에서 가장 높은 27.3%를 나타냈고, 民家 地域에서는 20.0%, 野山 地域에서는 3.2%로 가장 낮아 棲息 場所에 따라 현격한 차이를 보여주었다. 3. 蜂群의 淘汰 原因은 江邊 地域에서는 설치류로 推定되는 動物에 의한 被害가 가장 많았으며, 民家 地域에서는 여왕벌 失踪과 사람에 의한 破壞가 가장 많았고, 野山 地域에서는 여왕벌 失踪에 의한 것이 가장 높았다. 4. 發達 段階別로 본 蜂群의 淘汰率은 세 地域 모두 幼蟲期, 踊期 順으로 높았고 卵期의 淘汰率이 가장 낮았다. 5. 寄生 昆蟲으로는 幼蟲에 寄生하는 맵시벌과의 검정무늬뾰죽맵시벌屬(Latibulus)의 1種과 巢에 寄生하는 은무늬줄명나방(Pyralis regalis) 및 세모창날개 뿔나방(Anatrachyntis japonica)의 3種이 發見되었다. Latibulus spp. 는 野山 地域의 巢에서만 나타났으며, 蜂群에 致命的 被害를 입혔다. 6. 蜂群은 4월 下旬부터 5월 上旬 傾에 1마리의 여왕벌에 의해 始作되며, 첫 일벌의 出現은 江邊 地域이 6월 16일 傾으로 가장 빨랐고, 民家 地域은 6월 20일 傾, 野山 地域은 6월 28일 傾이었으며, 繁殖蜂의 羽化 時期는 江邊 地域에서는 8월 16일 傾이었고, 野山과 民家 地域에서는 8월 23일 傾이었다. 7. 蜂群과 巢의 크기는 江邊 地域에서 가장 컸고, 野山 地域이 가장 작았다. Nesting habits, colony development, parasite infestation and colony survival rate of the paper wasp, Polistes jadwigae Dalla Torre were observed in the vicinity of Jinju, Southern Korea. Most nests were found under the stones and the eaves of houses, and some nests were found on the stems of small plants. Colony survival rates were 27.3%, 20% and 3.4% in the riverside, residential district and mountainous district, respectively. Unidentified animals, (probably rodents) attack was most serious reason of colony failure in the riverside. But, queen loss and man's destruction were most frequently occured in the residential district. In the mountainous district, queen loss was most serious. The colony failure in the course of colony development was highest in the larval stage, and the pupal stage was the next. Three species of parasite, Latibulus spp. (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), Pyralis regalis Denis et Schiff. (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) and Anatrachyntis japonica Kuroko (Lepidoptera, Ccsmopterigidae) were found in the nest. The Latibulus spp. appeared exclusively in the nests of mountainous district and seriously affected colony development. Nest Founding was initiated by a queen (haplometrotic) mostly from late April to early May. The first worker emerged in about June 16 in the riverside, June 20 in the residential district and June 28 in the mountainous district. The worker population peaked about August 20. The first reproductive emerged in about August 16 in the riverside, and August 23 in the mountainous and residential district. Colonies and nests were largest in the riverside and smallest in the mountainous district.

韓國産 뱀허물쌍살벌屬 2種의 營巢 習性과 個體群 發達에 關하여

鄭癸俊,李碩雨 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1985 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.1 No.-

1. 韓國産 Parapolybia屬은 P. varia에 P. indica가 追加되어 2種이 된다. 2. 두 種은 모두 直射光線이 잘 비치지 않는 山地의 숲속에 집을 짓는데, P. indica는 主로 地上 10 ㎝ 內外의 낮은 나뭇잎의 裏面에 짓고 P. varia는 보다 높은 곳의 나뭇가지에 짓는다. 3. 巢의 모양은 P. indica의 境遇는 圖形에 가까운 不正形이고, P. varia는 輻이 좁고 길다. 巢柄은 두 種 모두 巢의 土端에 位置하지만 P. indica는 板狀이고 P. varia는 棒狀이다. 4. 巢의 平均的인 방 수는 P. indica가 213個, P. varia가 298個로 P. varia의 巢가 더 컷다. 5. 두 種 모두 한마리 씩의 여왕벌에 依해 路群이 始作되며 일벌은 6月 下旬 내지 7月 上旬 傾에 처음 出現하며 P. indica는 8月 10日 傾 40마리 程度로, P. varia는 8月 中旬傾에 50마리 程度로 各各 最高에 이르고 그후 減少하게 된다. 수펄과 새 여왕벌은 두 種 모두 8月 10日 傾에 出現하기 始作하며 P. indica는 8月 下旬 傾에 50마리 程度로, P.varia는 9月 下旬 傾에 80마리 程度로 各各 最高에 達하게 된다. Nesting habits and colony development of the two paper wasps, Parapolybia indica Saussure and P. varia Fabricius were observed in the vicinity of Jinju, Kyeongsang nam do, Korea. In both 2 species, most nests were found in the forest of mountainous areas. The nests of P. indica were usually hung beneath the underside of leaves of low trees. On the other hand, nests of P. varia were discovered mostly on the higher branches of trees. The nests of P. indica were pseudomorphous or round but the nests of P. varia were narrow and long shaped. Both of the two species were haplometrotic. The first worker emergence in the two species were about the end of June or the beginning of July. The nest and population of P. varia were larger than those of P. indica. Population of worker was usually peaked in the middle August. The reproductives were peaked about the end of August and the beginning of September in P. indica and P. varia respectively.

5,6차 敎育課程에 의한 中學校 科學 1 敎科書 중 生物 領域에 대한 比較 分析

황선원,정계준,김정곤 경상대학교 과학교육연구소 1996 科學敎育硏究所報 Vol.16 No.1

The biology area of the 8 science textbooks 1 of the middle school by the 6th curriculum were analyzed comparatively with those of the 5th curriculum. 1. The old curriculum presented a comprehensive object on each major subject and detailed target goals for each sub-theme. While the new curriculum point on the research activity. The school year objective in the old curriculum was deleted in the new textbooks. 2. The new curriculum emphasizes research activities. It also give emphasis to the biological material in our surroundings, field tour studies, open questions, and various active applications and participation in scientific events. 3. The degree of emphasis for each scientific area varies in the eight new textbooks according to publisher. The number of pages allotted for biological subjects is 28.4% and takes up more pages than other areas (earth science, 25.6%; chemistry and physics, 23%). Experimental observation and research in biology are discussed at 35.7% and 24.6%, respectively. In the old textbooks, 29.1% of the total pages dedicated to biology and experimental observation and research occupied 36.4% and 34.2, respectively. In these points, these are little differences between the new and the old textbooks. 4. The biological content dealing with levels area comprises 68.7% of the new textbooks and 62.8% of the old. Biological structure and function are discussed 55.1% in the new textbook, as opposed to 48.3% in the old. The least emphasis is on cells (4.7% vs 5.5%) as well as the topic areas of level and evolution (0.4% vs 0.5%). Molecules, individual groups, hereditary genetics, controls and stabilizations are not mentioned at all in the new and the old textbooks. 5. Experimental observation in the new textbooks are 19.1 times, which is greater than the average 15.8 in the old. The most common experimental aspects are shape observation and similarities of many organisms in the new and the old textbooks. Common experimental themes are cell observation, the appearances of mold, froggy, grasshoppers, crucial carps and crayfish. The themes of other experimental observations are usually similar even though there are some differences in experimental materials. 6. Fifty-five species of living organisms are indicated in the new textbook, as opposed to 39 in the old. Twenty-five organisms such as crayfish, frogs and forsythe are discussed in common in the new and the old textbooks. The most frequency mentioned material in the new and old textbooks is the peach tree (14 times vs. 7 times, respectively). 7. Eleven species of chemicals are used for experimental observations in the new textbook, and seven species in the old textbook. Common chemicals used in both textbooks are ethanol and ether. Chemicals used more than 5 times in the new textbooks are hot water, anesthetics, Chinese ink and pond water. Scissors and sixty-nine other species of instruments used for experimental observations, in the new textbook and filtering paper and twenty-nine other species are found in the old textbook. 8. Drawings appear on average about 44.1 biological pistures per book in the new textbooks and 66.2 pictures per book, in the old textbooks. There are also about 13,9 photos in the new vs. 17.8 photos in the old. 9. The results of the comparison of the former textbooks with the new in regard to the biological subject matter can be summarized as follows: the understanding of scientific facts, concepts and principles were emphasized in the old textbooks, while the new textbooks encourage interest in scientific study by learning basic research methods, understanding natural phenomena through research activity and development of a research attitude in students. 10. Suggestions for future revisions of the textbook: If we reduce memorized vote learning and focus on individualized self-motivated learning, one can expect many results. This method conjoined with free discussions can further enhance results. Furthermore, when selecting topics and studies, research activities should be emphasized. These methods will raise the students' intellectual curiosity more than the textbooks centered learning systems.

The Regulatory Role of Erythropoietin : In Vivo and In Vitro Studies

KIM, JUNG KON,KWACK, DAE OH,JEONG, GIE JOON 경상대학교 유전공학연구소 1985 遺傳工學硏究所報 Vol.4 No.-

Friend Murine Leukemia Virus (F-MuLV) is affective against 2-day old newborns in NFS/n Swiss mice. Infected babies suffer from splenomegaly and anemia at the age of 4-5 weeks beyond which the condition worsens and is fatal. However, the spleen size can be reduced by hypertransfusion for 8 weeks. If left alone after hypertransfusion, the spleen enlarges and becomes palpable again. This time the spleen cells are transplantable and inflict the same disease if injected to adults. The transplantable cells are kept alive by sequential passage through healthy NFS/n Swiss mice. In this way 8 transplantable lines were developed. The transformed cells demonstrated to be erythropoietin(EPO) responsive in culture when grown in methyl-cellulose medium. These cells did not lose their transplantability for they were capable of inflicting the same disease in adults after in vitro culture. In vivo eryrhropoietin helps in the proliferation of transformed cells and kills the animals faster while hypertransfusion prolongs the life of an infected mouse. Influence of EPO on the in vivo growth of leukemic cells was indicated that administration of the hormone caused a more severe leukemia and rapid death, while transfusion of red blood cells, which lowers endogenous EPO, lead to decreased spleen size and increased survival of leukemic mice.

Cytological Studies on Yolk Formation of Drosophila melanogaster

Kim, Jung Kon,Kwack, Dae Oh,Jeong, Gie Joon 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1986 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.2 No.-

난황형성과정을 프라스틱에 포매시킨 난소를 절단하여 관찰한 결과 난소의 여포상피세포는 초파리의 난황형성에 중요한 기능을 가졌다는 것이 밝혀졌고, 난황물질의 합성과 난황구의 형성은 여러단계의 복잡한 과정이다. 난황축적과정의 형태적변화는 난막의 함입과 미세소관이나 미세한 과립이 난세포와 여포상피세포의 접촉면에서 형성되는 것이다. 이들 소과립이 난의 주연부에서 서로 결합하여 점차 큰 난황과립이 되었으며 난의 내부로 가면서 점차 전자밀도가 증가하였고 밀집하여 성숙된 낭황이 형성되었다.