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- 저자 : Georg Jander (검색결과 2 건)
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Amir Hameed,Rakhshanda Bilal,Farooq Latif,Joyce Van Eck,Georg Jander,Shahid Mansoor 한국식물생명공학회 2018 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.12 No.3
Potato tubers must be cold-stored to extend their shelf life and maintain an uninterrupted supply chain for food processors. However, a side-effect of low-temperature storage is manifested in terms of cold-induced sweetening (CIS) of potato tubers, which reduces the processing quality and the commercial value of the end-products. RNA interference (RNAi) technology, whereby transgene-derived small interfering RNAs can trigger the homology-based knockdown of cognate host genes and can initiate gene silencing, has been successfully applied in crop improvement through targeted gene knockout in host plants. In the current study, transgenic potato plants (Solanum tuberosum cv. Désirée) were generated, expressing a 300 bp hairpin loop nucleotide sequence targeting the potato vacuolar invertase gene (VInv), under the constitutive Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Tubers collected from transgenic lines showed a significant reduction in reducing sugar content after 180 days of cold storage, without showing any measurable off-target effects on plant morphology and tuberization compared to nontransformed control plants. The cold-stored tubers were further assayed for chip color, which showed a fairly light colored quality in the samples originating from RNAi lines. Together with similar effects seen in previously published experiments involving other potato varieties, the Désirée results described here establish the efficacy of using RNAi for the successful reduction of CIS in potato tubers.
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Kim, Jae Hak,Lee, Byong Won,Schroeder, Frank C.,Jander, Georg Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2008 The Plant journal Vol.54 No.6
<P>Summary</P><P>The cleavage of glucosinolates by myrosinase to produce toxic breakdown products is a characteristic insect defense of cruciferous plants. Although green peach aphids (<I>Myzus persicae</I>) are able to avoid most contact with myrosinase when feeding from the phloem of <I>Arabidopsis thaliana</I>, indole glucosinolates are nevertheless degraded during passage through the insects. A defensive role for indole glucosinolates is suggested by the observation that <I>atr1D</I> mutant plants, which overproduce indole glucosinolates, are more resistant to <I>M. persicae</I>, whereas <I>cyp79B2 cyp79B3</I> double mutants, which lack indole glucosinolates, succumb to <I>M. persicae</I> more rapidly. Indole glucosinolate breakdown products, including conjugates formed with ascorbate, glutathione and amino acids, are elevated in the honeydew of <I>M. persicae</I> feeding from <I>atr1D</I> mutant plants, but are absent when the aphids are feeding on <I>cyp79B2 cyp79B3</I> double mutants. <I>M. persicae</I> feeding from wild-type plants and myrosinase-deficient <I>tgg1 tgg2</I> double mutants excrete a similar profile of indole glucosinolate-derived metabolites, indicating that the breakdown is independent of these foliar myrosinases. Artificial diet experiments show that the reaction of indole-3-carbinol, a breakdown product of indol-3-ylmethylglucosinolate, with ascorbate, glutathione and cysteine produces diindolylmethylcysteines and other conjugates that have antifeedant effects on <I>M. persicae</I>. Therefore, the post-ingestive breakdown of indole glucosinolates provides a defense against herbivores such as aphids that can avoid glucosinolate activation by plant myrosinases.</P>
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