DEVELOPMENT OF A LIDAR MODEL FOR THE ANALYSIS OF BORDERLINE CASES INCLUDING VEHICLE DYNAMICS IN A VIRTUAL CITY ENVIRONMENT IN REAL TIME

Degen Rene,Ott Harry,Overath Fabian,Schyr Ing. Christian,Klein Florian,Leijon Mats,Ruschitzka Margot 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.4

Advanced driver assistance systems are an important step on the way towards the autonomous driving. However, there are new challenges in the release of increasingly complex systems. For the testing of those systems many test kilometers are necessary to represent sufficient diversity. Hence, the virtual testing of driver assistance systems brings new opportunities. In virtual environments, it is possible to run a much higher distance in a short time. Simultaneously, the . complexity of the environment and the test scenarios are individually adjustable. It is possible to test scenarios that are not feasible in a real environment due to a risk of injury. A big challenge is the physical correct implementation of real vehicles and their components into the Virtual Reality. To enable a realistic virtual testing the vehicles surrounding sensors need to be modeled adequately. Thus, this paper presents an approach for the implementation of a Lidar model into a Virtual Reality. A physical Lidar model is combined with a real-time capable vehicle dynamics model to investigate the influence of vehicle movements to the sensor measurements. The models are implemented into a highly realistic virtual city environment. Finally, a test campaign shows the influence of the Lidars physics and the vehicle dynamics on the detection results.

New Emission Test in Europe

Bern Degen 한국자동차공학회 2015 오토저널 Vol.37 No.6

Genetic diversity, gene discovery and utilisation in woody populations

Bernd Degen 한국육종학회 2014 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2014 No.07

Trees are extraordinary long living, sessile organisms that are faced quite variable environmental conditions and biotic stress factors during their life. They have a high level of genetic diversity to ensure adaptation and adaptability. With the massive advance in next generation DNA-sequencing, our abilities to screen this genetic variation have increased drastically. I will give an overview on the different genomic approaches, main target tree species and examples for application in the area of population genetics. Examples will show how high throughput SNP genotyping clarifies our views on taxonomy, phylogeography and provide us with useful data for different diagnostic applications such as species identification, tracking geographic origin and screening the level of pre-disposition to abiotic and biotic stress factors. Since a few years next generation sequencing and advanced molecular marker development have also been used in genetic association studies and transcriptome sequencing (RNASeq) in order to discover genes that are coding economical and ecological important phenotypic traits of trees. I will present examples on target phenotypic traits and the use in tree breeding programs

인화성 액체의 저장 , 제조수송설비에 대한 위험성 평가

Car Heinz Degener 한국안전학회(구-한국산업안전학회) 1993 `93 국제 안전공학 심포지움 Vol.- No.-

In situ analysis of SnO₂/Fe₂O₃/RGO to unravel the structural collapse mechanism and enhanced electrical conductivity for lithium-ion batteries

Lee, Kangsoo,Shin, Seoyoon,Degen, Thomas,Lee, Wooyoung,Yoon, Young Soo Elsevier 2017 Nano energy Vol.32 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Herein, we describe a microwave-assisted hydrothermal process to synthesize α-Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanotubes/SnO<SUB>2</SUB> nanorods/reduced graphene oxide (FNT/S/RGO) for application as a high-performance anode in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The composite products exhibit anisotropic growth because of heteronucleation and the preferred orientation of SnO<SUB>2</SUB>. SnO<SUB>2</SUB> nanorods on the FNT surfaces are converted into Sn metal during the alloying/dealloying reaction, which offers improved electrical conductivity. The FNT/S/RGO show substantially enhanced electrochemical properties because of the reduced volume expansion effect, which improves the electrical and Li-ion conductivity and provides a large surface area. As a consequence, the FNT/S/RGO anode delivers a high reversible capacity of 883mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> even at a current density of 200mAg<SUP>−1</SUP>, with a capacity retention of 90% between the 1st and 220th cycles, excellent high-rate capacity (382mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> at 4320mAg<SUP>−1</SUP>), and long-term cycle durability (maintaining 629mAhg<SUP>−1</SUP> at 1000mAg<SUP>−1</SUP> for 1000 cycles<SUP>)</SUP>. The presented FNT/S/RGO electrodes are the most efficient SnO<SUB>2</SUB>- and Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-based anode electrodes reported thus far for LIBs. The origin of the synergistic effect and the reaction mechanism of the FNT/S/RGO was thoroughly investigated using various <I>in situ</I> transmission electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis methods.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The template-free SnO<SUB>2</SUB> on Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/RGO shows superior rate capability and cyclability. </LI> <LI> The capacity drop was revealed by phase transformation and 3D strain distribution study. </LI> <LI> The mechanism and enhanced performances were examined by various <I>in situ</I> analyses. </LI> <LI> The excellent performances of FNT/S/RGO attributed to the short diffusion length and improved electrical conductivity. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Effects of supplementing sweet sorghum with grapeseeds on carcass parameters, and meat quality, amino acid, and fatty acid composition of lambs

Jianxin Jiao,Ting Wang,Shanshan Li,Nana Gou,A. Allan Degen,Ruijun Long,Hucheng Wang,Zhanhuan Shang Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2023 Animal Bioscience Vol.36 No.3

Objective: Sweet sorghum is an important forage crop for ruminants, especially in low rainfall areas. Grapeseeds are an abundant by-product of wine-making and contain bioactive substances that can improve the antioxidant capacity of meat. We examined the effect of sweet sorghum forage with supplementary grapeseeds on carcass and meat quality in lambs. Methods: Twenty-eight Small-tailed Han lambs (body weight = 19.1±1.20 kg), aged 3 to 4 months, were penned, and fed individually. The lambs were divided into four groups (n = 7 each) and were offered one of four diets: i) sweet sorghum silage; ii) sweet sorghum silage + grapeseeds; iii) sweet sorghum hay; and iv) sweet sorghum hay + grapeseeds. The grapeseeds were added to the concentrate at 6% DM and the diets were fed for 100 d. Results: Sweet sorghum silage tended (p = 0.068) to increase hot carcass weight, while grapeseeds tended (p = 0.081) to decrease dressing percentage without affecting other carcass parameters. Lambs consuming supplementary grapeseeds increased (p<0.05) meat redness and tended to decrease (p = 0.075) concentration of methionine in meat. Lambs consuming sweet sorghum silage increased (p<0.001) water content of the meat and had a lower (p<0.05) concentration of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio than lambs consuming sweet sorghum hay. Saturated fatty acids content in meat was lowest (p<0.05) in lambs consuming sweet sorghum silage with grapeseeds. Lambs with supplementary grapeseeds tended (p<0.10) to increase eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and have a lower thrombogenic index than lambs not consuming grapeseeds. Conclusion: It was concluded that sweet sorghum with supplementary grapeseeds fed to lambs; i) improved the color of the meat to be more appetizing to the consumer; ii) tended to improve the fatty acids composition of the meat; and iii) lowered thrombogenic index of the meat.

Collective Force Regulation in Anti-parallel Microtubule Gliding by Dimeric Kif15 Kinesin Motors

Reinemann, Dana N.,Sturgill, Emma G.,Das, Dibyendu Kumar,Degen, Miriam Steiner,Vö,rö,s, Zsuzsanna,Hwang, Wonmuk,Ohi, Ryoma,Lang, Matthew J. Elsevier 2017 Current Biology Vol.27 No.18

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>During cell division, the mitotic kinesin-5 Eg5 generates most of the force required to separate centrosomes during spindle assembly. However, Kif15, another mitotic kinesin, can replace Eg5 function, permitting mammalian cells to acquire resistance to Eg5 poisons. Unlike Eg5, the mechanism by which Kif15 generates centrosome separation forces is unknown. Here we investigated the mechanical properties and force generation capacity of Kif15 at the single-molecule level using optical tweezers. We found that the non-motor microtubule-binding tail domain interacts with the microtubule’s E-hook tail with a rupture force higher than the stall force of the motor. This allows Kif15 dimers to productively and efficiently generate forces that could potentially slide microtubules apart. Using an in vitro optical trapping and fluorescence assay, we found that Kif15 slides anti-parallel microtubules apart with gradual force buildup while parallel microtubule bundles remain stationary with a small amount of antagonizing force generated. A stochastic simulation shows the essential role of Kif15’s tail domain for load storage within the Kif15-microtubule system. These results suggest a mechanism for how Kif15 rescues bipolar spindle assembly.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Kif15 transports microtubules in bundles through motor and non-motor coordination </LI> <LI> Kif15’s non-motor microtubule-binding site (Coil-1) is stronger than stall force </LI> <LI> Kif15 generates force in anti-parallel bundles and has a force-feedback mechanism </LI> <LI> Coil-1 tethering is needed for the force ramp and plateau in anti-parallel bundles </LI> </UL> </P>