Incidence of interappointment emergencies in multiple-visit root canal treatments performed with or without intracanal medicament by undergraduate students

Baaij Annemarie,Visscher Corine Mirjam,Jansen Manon,Özok Ahmet Rifat 대한치과보존학회 2023 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.48 No.3

Objectives This retrospective cohort study examined the incidence of interappointment emergencies during multiple-visit molar root canal treatments conducted by undergraduate students. Treatments performed without the use of intracanal medicament were compared to treatments that incorporated calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament. Materials and Methods Interappointment emergencies, defined as instances of pain or swelling that required the patient to make an unscheduled follow-up visit, were recorded for up to 2 months after the intervention. To avoid the influence of obturation on the observed incidence of emergency visits, only unscheduled visits occurring between the start and end of the root canal treatment were included. Results Of the 719 patients included in this study, 77 (10.7%) were recorded as experiencing interappointment emergencies. Of these emergencies, 62% occurred within 2 weeks following the most recent intervention. In the group of patients who did not receive intracanal medicament, the incidence of interappointment emergencies was 11.9% (46 of 385 patients). In comparison, this rate was 9.3% (31 of 334 patients) among those who received calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament (odds ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.82–2.15; p = 0.249). Conclusions Interappointment emergencies may arise at any point during root canal treatment, but they most commonly occur within the first 2 weeks following intervention. The omission of intracanal medicament in multiple-visit molar root canal treatments, performed by undergraduate students, did not significantly increase the incidence of these emergencies. Objectives This retrospective cohort study examined the incidence of interappointment emergencies during multiple-visit molar root canal treatments conducted by undergraduate students. Treatments performed without the use of intracanal medicament were compared to treatments that incorporated calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament. Materials and Methods Interappointment emergencies, defined as instances of pain or swelling that required the patient to make an unscheduled follow-up visit, were recorded for up to 2 months after the intervention. To avoid the influence of obturation on the observed incidence of emergency visits, only unscheduled visits occurring between the start and end of the root canal treatment were included. Results Of the 719 patients included in this study, 77 (10.7%) were recorded as experiencing interappointment emergencies. Of these emergencies, 62% occurred within 2 weeks following the most recent intervention. In the group of patients who did not receive intracanal medicament, the incidence of interappointment emergencies was 11.9% (46 of 385 patients). In comparison, this rate was 9.3% (31 of 334 patients) among those who received calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament (odds ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.82–2.15; p = 0.249). Conclusions Interappointment emergencies may arise at any point during root canal treatment, but they most commonly occur within the first 2 weeks following intervention. The omission of intracanal medicament in multiple-visit molar root canal treatments, performed by undergraduate students, did not significantly increase the incidence of these emergencies.

3-(Dicyanomethylidene)indan-1-one-Functionalized Calix[4]arene–Calix[4]pyrrole Hybrid: An Ion-Pair Sensor for Cesium Salts

Yeon, Yerim,Leem, Soojung,Wagen, Corin,Lynch, Vincent M.,Kim, Sung Kuk,Sessler, Jonathan L. American Chemical Society 2016 ORGANIC LETTERS Vol.18 No.17

<P>A chromogenic calix[4]arene-calix[4]pyrrole hybrid ion pair receptor bearing an indane substituent at a beta-pyrrolic position has been prepared. On the basis of solution phase UV-vis spectroscopic analysis and H-1 NMR spectroscopic studies carried out in 10% methanol in chloroform, receptor 1 is able to bind only cesium ion pairs (e.g., CsF, CsCl, and CsNO3) but not the constituent cesium cation (as its perchlorate salt) or the F-, Cl-, or NO3- anions (as the tetrabutylammonium salts). It thus displays rudimentary AND logic gate behavior. Receptor 1 shows a colorimetric response to cesium ion pairs under conditions of solid-liquid (nitrobenzene) and liquid-liquid (D2O-nitrobenzene-d(s)) extraction.</P>

Applications of Single-Molecule Methods to Membrane Protein Folding Studies

Jefferson, Robert E.,Min, Duyoung,Corin, Karolina,Wang, Jing Yang,Bowie, James U. Elsevier 2018 Journal of molecular biology Vol.430 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Protein folding is a fundamental life process with many implications throughout biology and medicine. Consequently, there have been enormous efforts to understand how proteins fold. Almost all of this effort has focused on water-soluble proteins, however, leaving membrane proteins largely wandering in the wilderness. The neglect has occurred not because membrane proteins are unimportant but rather because they present many theoretical and technical complications. Indeed, quantitative membrane protein folding studies are generally restricted to a handful of well-behaved proteins. Single-molecule methods may greatly alter this picture, however, because the ability to work at or near infinite dilution removes aggregation problems, one of the main technical challenges of membrane protein folding studies.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Single-molecule fluorescence applications to membrane protein folding </LI> <LI> Single-molecule fluorescence methods for measuring membrane protein oligomerization </LI> <LI> Atomic force spectroscopy of membrane protein extraction from bilayers </LI> <LI> Forced unfolding of membrane proteins using magnetic tweezers </LI> <LI> Unfolding of single membrane proteins <I>in vacuo</I> using mass spectroscopy </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Single-Level Cervical Artificial Disc Replacement Compared with Cage Screw Implants: 2-Year Clinical and Radiological Outcomes Especially Adjacent Level Ossification

Evan Teo Yu Ze,Yen Joshua Wong Rui,Seow Dexter,Jiali Corin Chen,Kumar Laranya,Baskar Sangeetha,Liang Shen,Kumar Naresh 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.4

Study Design: Retrospective single-center, single-surgeon cohort study.Purpose: Our goal was to compare the 2-year clinical and radiological results of artificial disc replacement (ADR) and cage screw (CS) implants in patients with cervical degenerative disc disease (DDD).Overview of Literature: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with CS implants are an acceptable alternative to traditional cageplate construct due to perceived decreased complications of dysphagia. However, patients may experience adjacent segment disease because of increased motion and intradiscal pressure. ADR is an alternative to restore the physiological kinematics of the operated disc. Few studies directly compare ADR and CS construct for their efficacy.Methods: Patients who received single-level ADR or CS between January 2008 and December 2018 were included. Data collected was preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively (6, 12, 24 months). Demographic information, surgical information, complications, follow-up surgery, and outcome ratings (Japanese Orthopaedic Association [JOA], Neck Disability Index [NDI], Visual Analog Scale [VAS] neck and arm, 36-item Short Form Health Survey [SF-36], EuroQoL-5 Dimension [EQ-5D]) were gathered. The radiological assessment included motion segment height, adjacent disc height, lordosis, cervical lordosis, T1 slope, the sagittal vertical axis C2–7, and adjacent level ossification development (ALOD).Results: Fifty-eight patients were included (ADR: 37 and CS: 21). At 6 months, both groups’ JOA, VAS, NDI, SF-36, and EQ-5D scores significantly improved, and the positive trends persisted at 2 years. Noted no significant difference in the enhancement of clinical scores except for the VAS arm (ADR: 5.95 vs. CS: 3.43, <i>p</i> =0.001). Radiological parameters were comparable except for the progression of ALOD of the subjacent disc (ADR: 29.7% vs. CS: 66.9%, <i>p</i> =0.02). No significant difference in adverse events or severe complications seen.Conclusions: ADR and CS obtain good clinical results for symptomatic single-level cervical DDD. ADR demonstrated a significant advantage over CS in the improvement of VAS arm and reduced progression of ALOD of the adjacent lower disc. No statistically significant difference of dysphonia or dysphagia between the two groups were seen, attributed to their comparable zero profile.