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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Clarke, Michael (검색결과 453 건)
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FARADAY ROTATION OBSERVATIONS OF MAGNETIC FIELDS IN GALAXY CLUSTERS
CLARKE TRACY E. The Korean Astronomical Society 2004 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.37 No.5
The presence of magnetic fields in the intracluster medium in clusters of galaxies has been revealed through several different observational techniques. These fields may be dynamically important in clusters as they will provide additional pressure support to the intracluster medium as well as inhibit transport mechanisms such as thermal conduction. Here, we review the current observational state of Faraday rotation measure studies of the cluster fields. The fields are generally found to be a few to 10 $\mu$G in non-cooling core clusters and ordered on scales of 10 - 20 kpc. Studies of sources at large impact parameters show that the magnetic fields extend from cluster cores to radii of at least 500 kpc. In central regions of cooling core systems the field strengths are often somewhat higher (10 - 40 $\mu$G) and appear to be ordered on smaller scales of a few to 10 kpc. We also review some of the recent work on interpreting Faraday rotation measure observations through theory and numerical simulations. These techniques allow us to build up a much more detailed view of the strength and topology of the fields.
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Bounding the Search Number of Graph Products
Clarke, Nancy Ellen,Messinger, Margaret-Ellen,Power, Grace Department of Mathematics 2019 Kyungpook mathematical journal Vol.59 No.1
In this paper, we provide results for the search number of the Cartesian product of graphs. We consider graphs on opposing ends of the spectrum: paths and cliques. Our main result determines the pathwidth of the product of cliques and provides a lower bound for the search number of the product of cliques. A consequence of this result is a bound for the search number of the product of arbitrary graphs G and H based on their respective clique numbers.
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Clarke, Andrew Korea Institute of Ocean Science Technology 2001 Ocean and Polar Research Vol.23 No.4
Marine organisms in Antarctica live in an environment which exhibits variability in physical processes over a wide range of temporal scales, from seconds to millennia. This time scale tends to be correlated with the spatial scale over which a given process operates, though this relationship is influenced by biology. The way organisms respond to variability in the physical environment depends on the time-scale of that variability in relation to life-span. Short-term variations are perceived largely as noise and probably have little direct impact on ecology. Of much greater importance to organisms in Antarctica are seasonal and decadal variations. Although seasonality has long been recognised as a key feature of polar environments, the realization that decadal scale variability is important is relatively recent. Long-term change has always been a feature of polar environments and may be a key factor in the evolution of the communities we see today.
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Fast and reliable source identification of criteria air pollutants in an industrial city
Clarke, K.,Kwon, H.O.,Choi, S.D. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2014 Atmospheric environment Vol.95 No.-
Most of industrial cities in developed countries use automatic station networks for monitoring of Criteria Air Pollutants (CAPs), and the tremendous amount of data acquired are often used to verify that the concentrations are within safety levels and to warn the population in the other case. Furthermore, these data can be used to investigate the source-receptor relationship. In this study, the data were collected from automatic monitoring stations in Ulsan, the most industrialized city in South Korea. The dataset consists of hourly concentrations of five CAPs (SO<SUB>2</SUB>, CO, O<SUB>3</SUB>, NO<SUB>2</SUB>, and PM<SUB>10</SUB>) recorded at 13 monitoring stations in the city during a full year (March 2011-February 2012). Different types of sources were identified by studying the temporal (daily and seasonal) trends and spatial distributions of CAPs with wind directions. It was confirmed that SO<SUB>2</SUB> pollution in Ulsan originated mostly from local industrial areas, whereas CO and NO<SUB>2</SUB> were also substantially influenced by mobile sources. The high PM<SUB>10</SUB> levels resulted from both local industries and traffic sources as well as from remote sources. The originality of this work comes from the study of the high episodes of pollutions on a case by case basis as well as on average data. Moreover, rather simple statistical tools developed in this study can be used for a real-time diagnosis of the local pollution in large urban and industrial areas.
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