Is the Mobile Touch Device a Good Tool to Learn Chinese?

( Zhe Chen ),( Bumsuk Kim ),( Philipp Osterwald ),( Da Sun ),( Xuhui Liu ),( Yalong Chen ),( Constantin Siemons ),( Jean Elie Guillaume ),( Shuiping Chen ),( Liangliang Zhang ),( Karl Jesper Ornerud ) 한국감성과학회 2014 춘계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.-

Learning Chinese language becomes increasingly important and popular worldwide. It is a challenge for native alphabetic language speaker to learn Chinese as Chinese is a symbolic language. Various learning methods are used to help foreign students to improve their learning performance. Interactive applications in the mobile touch devices make it possible to learn Chinese anytime anywhere. It is interesting to discover the role of mobile touch devices in Chinese learning. Thus, this study investigated the usability of mobile touch devices, including mobile phones and tablet personal computer, in Chinese learning for foreign students. This study included two phases. In the first phase, an online survey and an after-interview were used to investigate the users`attitude to using mobile touch devices in Chinese learning. Thirty international students were invited to the survey (19 males and 11 females) with 10Germany, 4 French, 3 Italians, 2 Iranian, 2 Russians, 2 English, 2 American, 1 Indonesian, 1 Pakistani, 1 Thai, 1 Swedish and 1 Kazakhstan. In the second phase, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of mobile touch devices in Chinese learning.

Is the mobile touch device a good tool to learn Chinese?

Zhe Chen,Yatzu Tsao,Bumsuk Kim,Philipp Osterwald,Da Sun,Xuhui Liu,Yalong Chen,Constantin Siemons,Jean Elie Guillaume,Shuiping Chen,Liangliang Zhang,Karl Jesper Ornerud 대한인간공학회 2014 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.5

Learning Chinese language becomes increasingly important and popular worldwide. It is a challenge for native alphabetic language speaker to learn Chinese as Chinese is a symbolic language. Various learning methods are used to help foreign students to improve their learning performance. Interactive applications in the mobile touch devices make it possible to learn Chinese anytime anywhere. It is interesting to discover the role of mobile touch devices in Chinese learning. Thus, this study investigated the usability of mobile touch devices, including mobile phones and tablet personal computer, in Chinese learning for foreign students. This study included two phases. In the first phase, an online survey and an after-interview were used to investigate the users’ attitude to using mobile touch devices in Chinese learning. Thirty international students were invited to the survey (19 males and 11 females) with 10 Germany, 4 French, 3 Italians, 2 Iranian, 2 Russians, 2 English, 2 American, 1 Indonesian, 1 Pakistani, 1 Thai, 1 Swedish and 1 Kazakhstan. In the second phase, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of mobile touch devices in Chinese learning. Fourteen participants were invited to experiment with 8 international students and 6 Chinese students. International students were considered as beginner learner students compared to Chinese students who were considered as advanced learner. Both Android and iOS developing systems for smart devices are considered in the experiment. The results of the survey showed users have a positive attitude towards using mobile touch devices in Chinese learning. The interview results indicated that most participants were willing to pay for it if the usability of learning tool in mobile devices improves. The experiment results indicated the advantage and disadvantage of using mobile phones and tablets in Chinese learning. It was suggested that beginning leaner regarded motivation and organization of Chinese learning tool in the mobile devices. Advanced learner focused on visual design, touch performance, cognitive process. As an exploration of usability of mobile touch device in Chinese learning, this study found that user held a positive attitude to learning Chinese in mobile touch devices. Mobile touch device is a good tool to learn Chinese as it provides interactive learning tools. However, it needs much effort for the mobile application designer to improve the usability. This study had suggestions on how to develop a user-friendly Chinese learning tool in touch mobile devices.

Clinical Predictive Value of Serum Angiogenic Factor in Patients with Osteosarcoma

Chen, Zhe,Chen, Qi-Xin,Hou, Zhao-Yang,Hu, Jiong,Cao, Yan-Guang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.9

Objective: To explore serum angiogenic factor expression in patients with osteosarcoma and its relationship with metastasis. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to test the expression of CD34 and FVIII-Rag in osteosarcoma tissues of 36 patients (osteosarcoma group) and microvessel density (MVD) was also recorded. In addition, ELISA was used to test the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$) and endostatin (ES) in the osteosarcoma group and in a control group. Results: VEGF and ES level were significantly higher than in the control group before operation (P<0.01), VEGF, bFGF and TGF-${\beta}1$ correlating with the ES level (P<0.01). Serum VEGF and ES levels of osteosarcoma patients before surgery were closely related to relapse and metastasis; moreover, serum VEGF increased with MVD (P<0.01). Postoperative VEGF and ES levels were lower than the preoperation values (P<0.01); ES level in relapse group was significantly higher than that of the non-relapse group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Preoperative serum VEGF and postoperative ES levels have great predictive value with regard to relapse of osteosarcoma patients.

Single-camera Three-dimensional Tracking of Underwater Objects

Zhe Chen,Jie Shen,Tanghuai Fan,Zhen Sun,Lizhong Xu 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.2

A novel method for tracking underwater objects in three-dimensional space is proposed. Specifically, by a single camera this method has the ability to estimate the three-dimensional trajectory of the interest objects. Mathematically the general framework of this method is formulated as a probabilistic problem. In addition to the two-dimensional location in the image plane, the parameter respect to the distance between objects and the viewer (depth) is introduced into the motion state descriptor. The haze concentration in the image is utilized as the cue to estimate the depth. In order to match the objects existing in successive frames, color models of the reference and candidates are related by special consideration on the dynamic appearance variability caused by the underwater environments and the motion of objects. As a result, the trajectory exactly describing the three-dimensional motion trend of the interest objects is produced by the video filmed by a single camera. We present results over real underwater videos. Both single-object and multi-object tracking in three-dimensional space are achieved by using the proposed method.

Photoreactions of substituted o-cresyl acylates in cyclohexane and in polyethylene films. The influences of intra- and inter-molecular 'rowding' effects

Chen, Yu-Zhe,Weiss, Richard G. Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.7

Photo-Fries rearrangements and associated photoreactions of four o-cresyl acylates were investigated in cyclohexane and in unstretched and stretched polyethylene (PE) films with different degrees of crystallinity. The esters differ in the number of phenyl substituents attached to the methyl group of the cresyl part and the length of the acyl chain. The influences of intramolecular structural factors and intermolecular environmental effects on the fates of the excited singlet states and the singlet state aryloxy/acyl radical pairs generated subsequently from them are explored. The results indicate that there are definable limits to the selectivity of the photoreactions of aryl esters that are dependent on their shapes and the ability of their environments to interact with them. Quantum yields for the reactions of the o-cresyl acylates were measured in cyclohexane and their values can be understood on the bases of a combination of conformational and electronic factors. The PE cavities holding the less globularly shaped o-cresyl acylates act as templates for the formation of the photoproducts: the ratios of the 2- and 4-position photo-Fries rearrangement products from o-cresyl acetate and 2-benzylphenyl acetate are higher when irradiated in films that are stretched or have higher film crystallinity; control by the PE cavities over the fates of the radical pairs is diminished for the o-cresyl acylate with two phenyl groups appended to the methyl of the cresyl part. The cavities of the PE films exert an interesting influence on the ability of the excited singlet states to undergo concerted decarboxylation reactions as well.

Proximal Augmented Lagrangian and Approximate Optimal Solutions in Nonlinear Programming

Zhe Chen,Hai Qiao Huang,Ke Quan Zhao 한국전산응용수학회 2009 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.27 No.1

In this paper, we introduce some approximate optimal solutions and an augmented Lagrangian function in nonlinear programming, establish dual function and dual problem based on the augmented Lagrangian function , discuss the relationship between the approximate optimal solutions of augmented Lagrangian problem and that of primal problem, obtain approximate KKT necessary optimality condition of the augmented Lagrangian problem, prove that the approximate stationary points of augmented Lagrangian problem converge to that of the original problem. Our results improve and generalize some known results. In this paper, we introduce some approximate optimal solutions and an augmented Lagrangian function in nonlinear programming, establish dual function and dual problem based on the augmented Lagrangian function , discuss the relationship between the approximate optimal solutions of augmented Lagrangian problem and that of primal problem, obtain approximate KKT necessary optimality condition of the augmented Lagrangian problem, prove that the approximate stationary points of augmented Lagrangian problem converge to that of the original problem. Our results improve and generalize some known results.

A New Interleaved Double-Input Three-Level Boost Converter

Chen, Jianfei,Hou, Shiying,Sun, Tao,Deng, Fujin,Chen, Zhe The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.3

This paper proposes a new interleaved double-input three-level Boost (DITLB) converter, which is composed of two boost converters indirectly in series. Thus, a high voltage gain, together with a low component stress and a small input current ripple due to the interleaved control scheme, is achieved. The operating principle of the DITLB converter under the individual supplying power (ISP) and simultaneous supplying power (SSP) mode is analyzed. In addition, closed-loop control strategies composed of a voltage-current loop and a voltage-balance loop, have been researched to make the converter operate steadily and to alleviate the neutral-point imbalance issue. Experimental results verify correctness and feasibility of the proposed topology and control strategies.

Association of Visit-to-Visit Variability of Blood Pressure with Cardiovascular Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cohort Study

Zhe-Bin Yu,Die Li,Xue-Yu Chen,Pei-Wen Zheng,Hong-Bo Lin,Meng-Ling Tang,Ming-Juan Jin,Jian-Bing Wang,Kun Chen 대한당뇨병학회 2019 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.43 No.3

Background: Increasing evidence has shown that visit-to-visit variability (VVV) of blood pressure (BP) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of VVV of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) on the risk of CVD among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 10,163 T2DM patients who were not previously diagnosed with CVD from January 2008 to December 2012 in Ningbo, China. The VVV of BP was calculated using five metrics, including standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), variation independent of mean, average real variability, and successive variability (SV) of measurements, obtained over a 24-month measurement period. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated by Cox proportional hazards regression models for the associations of variability in BP with risk of CVD. Results: A total of 894 CVD events were observed during a median follow-up of 49.5 months. The hazard ratio in the highest quintile of SD of SBP was 1.24 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.52) compared with patients in the lowest quintile. The association between higher VVV of DBP and risk of CVD was not consistent across different metrics and sensitivity analyses. Conclusion: Higher VVV of SBP was associated with an increased risk of CVD, irrespective of the mean SBP level. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings.

PROXIMAL AUGMENTED LAGRANGIAN AND APPROXIMATE OPTIMAL SOLUTIONS IN NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING

Chen, Zhe,Huang, Hai Qiao,Zhao, Ke Quan The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2009 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.27 No.1

In this paper, we introduce some approximate optimal solutions and an augmented Lagrangian function in nonlinear programming, establish dual function and dual problem based on the augmented Lagrangian function, discuss the relationship between the approximate optimal solutions of augmented Lagrangian problem and that of primal problem, obtain approximate KKT necessary optimality condition of the augmented Lagrangian problem, prove that the approximate stationary points of augmented Lagrangian problem converge to that of the original problem. Our results improve and generalize some known results.

An Eye Location based Head Posture Recognition Method and Its Application in Mouse Operation

( Zhe Chen ),( Bingbing Yang ),( Fuliang Yin ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.3

An eye location based head posture recognition method is proposed in this paper. First, face is detected using skin color method, and eyebrow and eye areas are located based on gray gradient in face. Next, pupil circles are determined using edge detection circle method. Finally, head postures are recognized based on eye location information. The proposed method has high recognition precision and is robust for facial expressions and different head postures, and can be used in mouse operation. The experimental results reveal the validity of proposed method.