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In Search for a Common Pathway for Health Issues in Men - the Sign of a Holmesian Deduction
Aoun, Fouad,Chemaly, Anthony Kallas,Albisinni, Simone,Zanaty, Marc,Roumeguere, Thierry Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.1
The evidence for the existence of a common pathway for health issues in men is presented in this review. Several epidemiological studies have shown that conditions like cardiovascular diseases (CVD), metabolic syndrome, diabetes, lower urinary tract symptom (LUTS), erectile dysfunction (ED), prostate cancer, hypogonadism, depression and suicide can be associated as risk factors for each other. Thus, the risk of CVD is significantly increased in men with metabolic syndrome, ED, hypogonadism, prostate cancer and/or LUTS. In addition, the above mentioned conditions are more prevalent in atherosclerotic patients. In addition, growing evidence indicates that low androgen levels can cause metabolic syndrome. In addition, obesity, dyslipidaemia and diabetes can further reduce androgen levels potentiating their adverse effect. Low testosterone levels are also associated with a higher incidence of aggressive prostate cancer on biopsy and on definitive pathology, and lower probability of abiraterone response in the metastatic setting. Several recent studies point towards diffuse endothelial dysfunction and dysregulated pro-inflammatory state as the biological link between all these disorders. Our current hypothesis is that oxidative stress caused by these dysfunctions explains the pathogenesis of each of these conditions.
Sakata, Susumu,Liang, Lifan,Sakata, Naoya,Sakata, Yuri,Chemaly, Elie R,Lebeche, Djamel,Takewa, Yoshiaki,Chen, Jiqiu,Park, Woo Jin,Kawase, Yoshiaki,Hajjar, Roger J Blackwell Publishing Asia 2007 Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiolog Vol.34 No.12
<P>SUMMARY</P><OL TYPE='1'><li level='1'>The aim of the present study was to examine the acute and chronic effects of adenoviral gene transfer on cardiac function in terms of left ventricular (LV) mechanoenergetic function. Recombinant adenoviral vector carrying &bgr;-galactosidase and green fluorescent protein genes (Ad.&bgr;gal-GFP) was used. Cardiac function was examined in cross-circulated rat heart preparations, where end-systolic/diastolic pressure–volume relationships (ESPVR/EDPVR), systolic pressure–volume area (PVA), LV relaxation rate, equivalent maximal elastance at mid-range LV volume (eE<SUB>max</SUB> at mLVV), coronary blood flow, coronary vascular resistance and myocardial oxygen consumption (VO<SUB>2</SUB>) were also measured.</LI><li level='1'>To examine the <I>ex vivo</I> acute effects of the adenoviral vector, data were obtained before and 30–90 min after intracoronary infusion of Ad.&bgr;gal-GFP in the excised, cross-circulated hearts that underwent serotonin pretreatment. To examine the <I>in vivo </I>chronic effects of adenoviral gene transfer, normal rat hearts received Ad.&bgr;gal-GFP or saline by a catheter-based technique and data were obtained 3 days after the injection of Ad.&bgr;gal-GFP or saline.</LI><li level='1'>The ESPVR, EDPVR, LV relaxation rate, eE<SUB>max</SUB> at mLVV, coronary blood flow and coronary vascular resistance remained unchanged in Ad.&bgr;gal-GFP-transfected hearts in both <I>ex vivo</I> acute and <I>in vivo </I>chronic experiments. Moreover, the <I>ex vivo</I> and <I>in vivo </I>transfection caused no change in the slope and VO<SUB>2</SUB> intercept of the VO<SUB>2</SUB>–PVA relationship, VO<SUB>2</SUB> for basal metabolism and for Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> handling in excitation–contraction coupling and O<SUB>2</SUB> costs of LV contractility.</LI><li level='1'>These results indicate that adenoviral gene transfer has neither acute nor chronic toxic effects on LV mechanical and energetic function. A special combination of <I>in vivo </I>adenoviral gene transfer and a cross-circulation experimental system may provide a useful novel strategy to explore the functional and mechanoenergetic role of specifically targeted genes in the diseased heart.</LI></OL>
Kevin Erratt,Irena Creed,Camille Chemali,Alexandra Ferrara,Vera Tai,Charles Trick 한국조류학회I 2021 ALGAE Vol.36 No.3
Increasing inputs of dissolved organic matter (DOM) to northern lakes is resulting in ‘lake browning.’ Lake browning profoundly affects phytoplankton community composition by modifying two important environmental drivers—light and nutrients. The impact of increased DOM on native isolates of red and green-pigmented cyanobacteria identified as Pseudanabaena, which emerged from a Dolichospermum bloom (Dickson Lake, Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario, Canada) in 2015, were examined under controlled laboratory conditions. The genomes were sequenced to identify phylogenetic relatedness and physiological similarities, and the physical and chemical effects of increased DOM on cellular performance and competitiveness were assessed. Our study findings were that the isolated red and green phenotypes are two distinct species belonging to the genus Pseudanabaena; that both isolates remained physiologically unaffected when grown independently under defined DOM regimes; and that neither red nor green phenotype achieved a competitive advantage when grown together under defined DOM regimes. While photosynthetic pigment diversity among phytoplankton offers niche-differentiation opportunities, the results of this study illustrate the coexistence of two distinct photosynthetic pigment phenotypes under increasing DOM conditions.