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        Assessment of physical stability and photoprotective activity of topical formulations added with calendula oil

        Mishra, Arun K.,Mishra, Amrita,Chattopadhyay, Pronobesh 경희한의학연구센터 2012 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.12 No.1

        In the present work, the changes on physical properties (pH, viscosity, flow index and tixotropy) of topical formulations were evaluated following addition of calendula oil containing flavonoids. Also the photoprotective effect of these topical formulations were evaluated against ultra violet rays (UVR) induced sunburn in terms of sun protection factor (SPF). Formulation added with sun flower oil was used to compare the physical stability and photoprotective activity. Formulations added with calendula oil exhibited an average pH 7.2 and pseudoplastic behavior. The tixotropy values for formulations F3 and F4, after addition with calendula oil were found to be statistically decreased when compared with FS and Fb. The rheological parameters were constant during the study and the rheograms exhibited no sign of instability when studied at $4^{\circ}$, $27^{\circ}$ and $40^{\circ}C$ on different days of storage. The F3 and F4 samples showed statistically higher SPF (14 and 15 respectively) when compared with Fb (without active sunscreening agent). The highest SPF value 16 was recorded for FS (control formulation added with sun flower oil) while Fb showed lowest SPF vale 5.We concluded that F3, F4 and FS showed higher SPF and physical stability. This study of physical stability and photoprotectice activity of topical formulation can help in the development of sunscreen formulation.

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        Investigation of shape memory characteristics and production of HfZrTiFeMnSi high entropy alloy by mechanical alloying method

        Güler Ömer,Şimşek Tuncay,Özkul İskender,Avar Barış,Canbay Canan A.,Chattopadhyay Arun K.,Güler Seval H. 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.33 No.-

        High entropy alloy (HEA) with shape memory effect (SME) has been the subject of great interest for the past few decades. However, with the increased demands for new materials for high thermal applications, the research activities on the multi elemental high entropy shape memory alloys (HESMA) have been increased by many folds recently. The nano crystalline HEA powder with shape memory effect developed in this study, HfZrTiFeMnSi, was produced by mechanical alloying (MA) for the first time. In this method equiatomic ratio of Hf, Zr, Ti, Fe, Mn, and Si were mixed together and milled by MA process for 100 h. The powder formed was of amorphous in nature. Elemental mapping of the powder from SEM-EDS revealed homogeneity of the alloying elements confirming successful fabrication of HfZrTiFeMnSi HEA powder. The DSC studies from ambient to 500 ◦C of the annealed alloy powders showed reversible austenitic to martensitic (A↔M) transformations. The A↔M transformation hysteresis seemed to vary with the milling time and annealing temperature. The enthalpy values, ΔH, for the transformation were calculated from the DSC plots using tangent method for peak area calculation. Regardless of the annealing temperature, the thermal analysis revealed that the ΔH, equilibrium temperature (T0), and crystallization temperature values decreased with the increasing milling time.

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