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- 저자 : ChangheeHong (검색결과 3 건)
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Sensory Neuronal Change after Intravesical Electrical Stimulation in Spinailized Rat
ChangHeeHong,JangHwanKim,JiYeunNoh,길영천,HyeYeonLee,WoongHeeLee,SangWonHan 연세대학교의과대학 2002 Yonsei medical journal Vol.43 No.5
The clinical benefits of intravesical electrical stimulation (IVES) in patients with increased residual urine or reduced bladder capacity have been reported. However, studies on the underlying mechanism of IVES has been limited to the Adelta afferent and parasympathetic neurons. This study investigated the changes in the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression in the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of spinalized rats to determine the effect of IVES on the C fiber afferent nerve. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal controls (n=10); IVES treated normal rats (n=10), spinalized rats (n=10), and IVES treated spinalized rats (n=10). IVES was performed for 2 weeks (5 days a week). IVES was started 3 weeks after spinalization in the spinalized animals. All animals had the DRG removed at the thoracolumbar (T13-L2) and lumbosacral (L5-S1) level. Changes in the CGRP, SP and n-NOS levels at the DRG were measured by western-blot analysis. The relative density of the CGRP and SP following spinalization was significantly higher compared to the controls in both the T13-L2 and L5-S1 DRG. However, IVES in the spinalized rat significantly decreased the relative density of the CGRP and SP compared to the rats with spinalization alone. A significant increase in the relative density of n-NOS was detected in the L5-S1 DRG following spinalization. However, the density of n-NOS was significantly lower after IVES in both the T13-L2 and L5-S1 DRGs. In conclusion, IVES significantly reduced the CGRP, SP and n-NOS levels in the DRG of spinalized rats. CGRP, SP and n-NOS are the main factors that contribute to the hyperexcitability of the micturition reflex after spinal cord injury. These results suggest that the bladder C fiber afferent is also involved in modulating the micturition reflex by IVES.
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Design of Advanced Color - Temperature Control System for HDTV Applications
BongsoonKang,OhakMoon,ChangheeHong,HonamLee,BonghwanCho,YoungsunKim 한국물리학회 2002 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.41 No.6
This paper proposes an advanced color-temperature control system for HDTV applications. Compared with the X-chromaticity method [1], it improves the capability in color-temperature calculation by using an additional Y-chromaticity coordinate. It also extends the temperature range from 3000 K to 1667 K by using new coordinates that are obtained by using a linear regression method. The proposed system requires 32174 bits in ROM size, which is an 88 % reduction in hardware compared with the X-chromaticity method. The proposed system is experimentally demonstrated for color temperatures in the range from 1667 K to 25000 K by using the Xilinx FPGA Virtex XCV2000E-6BG560 device.
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