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The universal ratio of boron to chlorinity for the North Pacific and North Atlantic oceans
Lee, K.,Kim, T.W.,Byrne, R.H.,Millero, F.J.,Feely, R.A.,Liu, Y.M. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2010 Geochimica et cosmochimica acta Vol.74 No.6
We report seawater boron concentration (mgkg<SUP>-1</SUP>) and chlorinity (%%) values measured in seawater samples (n=139) collected at various depths in the North Pacific and North Atlantic oceans and the East/Japan Sea (located in the western temperate North Pacific). Our results indicate that variations in seawater boron concentration are strongly coupled to variations in chlorinity (and salinity), yielding a mean boron to chlorinity ratio of 0.2414+/-0.0009mgkg<SUP>-1</SUP>%%<SUP>-1</SUP> (boron to salinity ratio=0.1336+/-0.0005mgkg<SUP>-1</SUP>%%<SUP>-1</SUP>). This ratio was surprisingly universal throughout the water column in the three marine basins and across widely different ocean surface regimes, but differs from the generally accepted ratio of 0.232+/-0.005mgkg<SUP>-1</SUP>%%<SUP>-1</SUP> determined by Uppstrom (1974), which was based on only 20 measurements at four sites in the tropical Pacific Ocean. In converting total alkalinity to carbonate alkalinity (and vice versa) for thermodynamic calculations, the difference between these two ratios leads to a difference of 5μmolkg<SUP>-1</SUP> in estimates for ocean surface waters, where the contribution of borate to total alkalinity is typically greatest. We suggest the use of the new boron to chlorinity ratio for predicting seawater boron concentrations using chlorinity (or salinity) data.
Wang, Young-Doo,Lee, Kyoo-Yong,Byrne, John,Smith, William James Jr.,Wozniak, Sara,Scozzafava, Michael,Lee, Joon-Hee 서울大學校 環境大學院 2003 環境論叢 Vol.41 No.-
We juxtapose river basin management practices in both the U.S. and South Korea to learn how multi-stakeholder conflicts are resolved under varying policy contexts. The cross-cultural comparison likewise enables an evaluation of conflict resolution as a means for producing socio-politically acceptable, economically sound, technologically feasible and environmentally viable delivery of safe drinking water. It is argued that conflict resolution enhances opportunities to achieve sustainability in river basin management despite very different policy and cultural circumstances. Two U.S. cases reviewed: the Delaware River Basin Commission (established in 1961) and the Susquehanna River Basin Commission (established in 1973). The two South Korean river basin cases under review are the Han and Nakdong Rivers.
Sung, K.C.,Ryu, S.,Lee, J.Y.,Lee, S.,Cheong, E.,Kim, J.Y.,Wild, S.H.,Byrne, C.D. Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY Vol.224 No.-
<P>Conclusions: In a young metabolically healthy adult cohort, underweight was associated with increased all cause mortality and overweight/obesity was associated with decreased all cause mortality if CVD, diabetes, hypertension and components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) are excluded. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
Maltose neopentyl glycol-3 (MNG-3) analogues for membrane protein study
Cho, Kyung Ho,Husri, Mohd,Amin, Anowarul,Gotfryd, Kamil,Lee, Ho Jin,Go, Juyeon,Kim, Jin Woong,Loland, Claus J.,Guan, Lan,Byrne, Bernadette,Chae, Pil Seok The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 The Analyst Vol.140 No.9
<P>Detergents are typically used to both extract membrane proteins (MPs) from the lipid bilayers and maintain them in solution. However, MPs encapsulated in detergent micelles are often prone to denaturation and aggregation. Thus, the development of novel agents with enhanced stabilization characteristics is necessary to advance MP research. Maltose neopentyl glycol-3 (MNG-3) has contributed to >10 crystal structures including G-protein coupled receptors. Here, we prepared MNG-3 analogues and characterised their properties using selected MPs. Most MNGs were superior to a conventional detergent, <I>n</I>-dodecyl-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-maltopyranoside (DDM), in terms of membrane protein stabilization efficacy. Interestingly, optimal stabilization was achieved with different MNG-3 analogues depending on the target MP. The origin for such detergent specificity could be explained by a novel concept: compatibility between detergent hydrophobicity and MP tendency to denature and aggregate. This set of MNGs represents viable alternatives to currently available detergents for handling MPs, and can be also used as tools to estimate MP sensitivity to denaturation and aggregation.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The hydrophobic variants of the original MNG (MNG-3-C10) were evaluated with a few membrane proteins. The optimal MNG was variable for different membrane proteins, indicative of importance of match/mismatch between detergent hydrophobicity and membrane protein propensity to aggregate and denature. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c5an00240k'> </P>
Desiderio, Jacopo,Stewart, Camille L.,Sun, Virginia,Melstrom, Laleh,Warner, Susanne,Lee, Byrne,Schoellhammer, Hans F.,Trisal, Vijay,Paz, Benjamin,Fong, Yuman,Woo, Yanghee The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2018 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.18 No.3
Purpose: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols for gastric cancer patients have shown improved outcomes in Asia. However, data on gastric cancer ERAS (GCERAS) programs in the United States are sparse. The purpose of this study was to compare perioperative outcomes before and after implementation of an GC-ERAS protocol at a National Comprehensive Cancer Center in the United States. Materials and Methods: We reviewed medical records of patients surgically treated for gastric cancer with curative intent from January 2012 to October 2016 and compared the GC-ERAS group (November 1, 2015-October 1, 2016) with the historical control (HC) group (January 1, 2012-October 31, 2015). Propensity score matching was used to adjust for age, sex, number of comorbidities, body mass index, stage of disease, and distal versus total gastrectomy. Results: Of a total of 95 identified patients, matching analysis resulted in 20 and 40 patients in the GC-ERAS and HC groups, respectively. Lower rates of nasogastric tube (35% vs. 100%, P<0.001) and intraabdominal drain placement (25% vs. 85%, P<0.001), faster advancement of diet (P<0.001), and shorter length of hospital stay (5.5 vs. 7.8 days, P=0.01) were observed in the GC-ERAS group than in the HC group. The GC-ERAS group showed a trend toward increased use of minimally invasive surgery (P=0.06). There were similar complication and 30-day readmission rates between the two groups (P=0.57 and P=0.66, respectively). Conclusions: The implementation of a GC-ERAS protocol significantly improved perioperative outcomes in a western cancer center. This finding warrants further prospective investigation.
Jacopo Desiderio,Camille L. Stewart,Virginia Sun,Laleh Melstrom,Susanne Warner,Byrne Lee,Hans F. Schoellhammer,Vijay Trisal,Benjamin Paz,Yuman Fong,우양희 대한위암학회 2018 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.18 No.3
Purpose: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols for gastric cancer patients have shown improved outcomes in Asia. However, data on gastric cancer ERAS (GC-ERAS) programs in the United States are sparse. The purpose of this study was to compare perioperative outcomes before and after implementation of an GC-ERAS protocol at a National Comprehensive Cancer Center in the United States. Materials and Methods: We reviewed medical records of patients surgically treated for gastric cancer with curative intent from January 2012 to October 2016 and compared the GC-ERAS group (November 1, 2015–October 1, 2016) with the historical control (HC) group (January 1, 2012–October 31, 2015). Propensity score matching was used to adjust for age, sex, number of comorbidities, body mass index, stage of disease, and distal versus total gastrectomy. Results: Of a total of 95 identified patients, matching analysis resulted in 20 and 40 patients in the GC-ERAS and HC groups, respectively. Lower rates of nasogastric tube (35% vs. 100%, P<0.001) and intraabdominal drain placement (25% vs. 85%, P<0.001), faster advancement of diet (P<0.001), and shorter length of hospital stay (5.5 vs. 7.8 days, P=0.01) were observed in the GC-ERAS group than in the HC group. The GC-ERAS group showed a trend toward increased use of minimally invasive surgery (P=0.06). There were similar complication and 30-day readmission rates between the two groups (P=0.57 and P=0.66, respectively). Conclusions: The implementation of a GC-ERAS protocol significantly improved perioperative outcomes in a western cancer center. This finding warrants further prospective investigation.