등숙 진전에 따른 도체내 부위별 양분 동태에 관한 연구 I. 도체내 부위별 무기양분의 동태

이양구,임무상,임병기,Lee, Yang-Ku,Lim, Moo-Sang,Im, Byeong-Gi 한국작물학회 1986 한국작물학회지 Vol.31 No.2

In order to clarify the trend of change in mineral nutrients in rice plant on various ripening process, P$_2$O$\sub$5/, K$_2$O, MgO, CaO, SiO$_2$ and ash contents were determined for the grain, internode, leaf-5heath and leaf blade respectively for 9 times at an week interval after heading. Four rice cultivars with different maturity and ecotype were grown under normal cultural conditions for the trial. The contents of mineral nutrients in the brown rice were in the order of Ash, P$_2$O$\sub$5/, K$_2$O and MgO. CaO and SiO$_2$ were found in minute quantity in the brown rice. The hull contained SiO$_2$ in large quantity, and it also contained the mineral nutrients in the order of K$_2$O, P$_2$ O$\sub$5/O. The CaO content of hull was extremely minute.

Gamma 線 照射가 煙草의 種子發芽 및 葯培養에 미치는 影響

Kyung Eun Yoon(尹慶恩),Yun Hi Park(朴允稀),Byeong Gi Im(林柄琦) 한국육종학회 1989 한국육종학회지 Vol.21 No.4

The seeds of tobacco cultivar ‘NC 82’ were irradiated with 5, 10, 20, 40 KR and anthers of the cultivar were irradiated with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 KR of γ-ray. The seed germination in petri-dish was not effected by the treatment of the irradiation up to 40 KR. However, the extention of seed storage period decreased the germination and seedling growth. The androgenesis of tobacco derived from 10 KR γ-ray irradiated seeds was enhanced, but reduced at the level of 20 KR. The androgenesis were studied in 2 levels, i.e. androgenic anthers and androgenic plants per anther. The number of androgenic anthers were increased by 10 KR and reduced by 20 KR of γ-ray irradiation. The number of androgenic plants per androgenic anther did not show any specific trand. The effect of γ-ray irradiation on the anther was greater than on seed. At low dose of y-ray, 0.5 KR, the numbers of androgenic anthers were greater than those of control. But at 1.5 KR level, no androgenic anthers were observed. Three different irradiation methods on anthers were compared. The greatest number of contamination by fungi and bacteria was observed when anthers were transplanted from irradiated bottle to bottle contained fresh medium after irradiation (Method Ⅱ). In the case of irradiation on inoculated anthers in flask (Method Ⅰ), the toxicity of sugars by radiolysis was not observed. In order to eliminate the effect of irradiated medium and contamination after transplanting, irradiation on the flower bud before inoculation in flask (Method Ⅲ) was more desirable than the other 2 methods.

참깨 生長點 培養에 關한 硏究

Jung Il Lee(李正日),Yong Hwan Park(朴用煥),Young Sim Park(朴英心),Byeong Gi Im(林炳琦) 한국육종학회 1985 한국육종학회지 Vol.17 No.4

This study was conducted to study the effect of NAA, IAA, 2,4-D, BA and kinetin on the callus induction and the organogenesis from the shoot tip of the sesame. In single treatment of NAA and IAA, NAA was better in shoot differentiation than IAA, but IAA was better in root differentiation. Among the various hormones used, kinetin 2.0 mg/ℓ was found to be the highest in shoot differentiation and NAA 0.5 mg/ℓ in whole plant induction percentage. The whole plant induction percentages were 86% and 29% in the combinations. of NAA 0.5 mg/ℓ + Kinetin 1.0 mg/ℓ and NAA 0.5 mg/ℓ + BA 1.0 mg/ℓ, respectively. Due to the interaction between NAA and kinetin, increase of NAA concentration reduced the shoot differentiation, but did not influence the root differentiation significantly. The most desirable medium was the MS medium containing 0.1 mg/ℓ NAA, 0.5 mg/ℓ IAA and 2.0 mg/ℓ kinetin. The whole plant induction percentage was 93% in this medium.

大豆의 密植多收型 品種選定에 關한 育種學的 硏究 : 3報. 栽培時期別 栽植密度와 樣式이 大豆品種의 生育, 收量 및 草冠形成에 미치는 影響 3. Effects of planting density and planting pattern in different planiting time on the growth, grain yield and canopy of soybean cultivars

이홍석,趙亨烈,林炳琦 서울大學校 農科大學 1976 서울대농학연구지 Vol.1 No.2

The planting density for maximum grain yield, the response to different planting pattern, and some characteristics related to canopy formation of three soybean cultivars were studied in the condition of two different planting time. The results of experiment were summarized as follows: 1. Growth and dry matter production 1) The plant height was taller in early and dense planting as well as in uni- form-space planting than other conditions. and there were significant positive correlation between plant height and grain yield in Chungbugbaek and SRF-300. 2) The leaf area index (L.A.I.) and dry matter weight per unit area were and remarkably increased by the increase of planting density. The optimum L.A.I. and dry matter weight per 10a at initial flowering stage for the maximum grain yield were 1.9-5.9 and 130-306kg depending upon the cultivar and planting time, respe- ctively. 3) The number of nodes and branches were increased by early planting, sparse and uniform-space planting. SRF-300 was more variable in the number of nodes and branches under these conditions. 4) The pod weight per unit area was increased by the increase of planting de- nsity and uniform-space planting. The positive correlation between pod weight per unit area and grain yield was statistically significant. Ⅱ. Canopy structure 1) The length of internode was increase by the increase of plant population and uniform-space planting. This response was varied with planting time. 2) The petiole angle was generally narrowed by the increase of planting dens- sity. The petiole angle of SRF-300 was decreased as going upward to the top of plant. Kwangkyo and Chungbugbaek indicated more narrow angle in upper petiole in case of sparse planting, while in case of dense planting, upper petiole showed more wide angle than lower petiole. SRF-300 showed some characteristic adaptable to dense planting compare with other two cultivars. 3) The petiole length was increased by the increase of plant population and early planting, and it was become longer in upper part of the canopy. SRF-300 had the shortest petiole among three cultivars. Ⅲ. Yield and yield components 1) The grain yield was increased by early, dense and uniform-space planting. The maximum yield was shown at 40 plants per square meter in population density. Kwankyo indicated the highest yield in case of planting on June 1st. But in case of planting on June 20, the highest grain yield was observed in the plot of one plant per hill with two row planting of 40 plants per square meter in SRF-300, while Kwangkyo was generally higher in grain yield than other two cultivars except the plot mentioned above. The planting numbers for the maximum grain yie- ld were estimated as 53∼60 plants in SRF-300, 56∼59 plants in Chungbugbaek and 45∼47 plants in Kwangkyo depending on planting time, respectively. 2) The pod number per plant was decreased by late, dense and uniform-space planting and the rate of decrease varied wish cultivas and planting time. There was significant positive correlation between the pod weight per 10a and grain yield, especially in the plot of June 1st planting. 3) The percentage of matured grain was increased by sparse and uniform-space planting. SRF-300 showed the increased percentage of matured grain in early planting. while the percentage of matured grain was not significantly different with different planting density in this cultivar. 4) 100 grain weight and one litter weight were found to be little responsive to the planting density and planting time.

草冠形態를 달리하는 水稻品種에 있어 施肥量과 栽植의 密度 및 均一性이 主要 實用形質에 미치는 影響

林炳琦 서울여자대학교 1977 서울여자대학논문집 Vol.- No.6

Two different canopy type paddy rice cultivars, Suseong and tongil, were examined to find out the ecological variations under different cultural conditions. Cultural conditions were composed of the different fertilization level, spacing and mode of hill arrangement. The fertilization levels were made up of conventional and 50% heavier fertilizer application. The different spacing and mode of hill arrangement were designed by controlling the inter and intra row spacing. 3 plants per hill were transplanted on 9th June. 1. There was a trend of increase in culm length due to heavy fertilization and sparse, uniform hill arrangement for both cultivars. 2. Straw weight per 10a was increased by heavy fertilization and dense uniform transplanting. 3. Tongil were late in heading by 2 weeks than Suseong owing to abnormal low temperature during booting and heading stage. Heading was late by 1 day due to heavy fertilization, sparse and uniform hill arrangement. 4. Grain yield per 10a was increased by heavy fertilization, dense and uniform transplanting. Under heavy fertilization, the optimum density for Tongil (38 hills per m²) was lower than that for Suseong (50 hills per m²), but under standard fertilization level, little difference (44 hills per m²for Tongil and 47 hills per m² for Suseong) was observed for the optimum density between two cultivars. 5. Tongil remarkably had more panicles per hill than Suseong, and then heavy fertilization, sparse transplanting and uniform hill arrangement increased the number of panicles per hill. Tongil also had the more number of panicles per m²and the panicles per m²were increased due to heavy fertilization, dense planting and uniform hill arrangement. 6. Tongil had more grains per panicle than Suseong but Suseong had higher matured grain percentage and heavier 1000 grain weight than Tongil. Tongil were heavier than Suseong in 1ℓ weight. 7. A little increase in the number of grains per panicle, 1000 grain weight, matured grain percentage, and 1ℓweight were resulted by heavier fertiligation, sparse transplaning and uniform hill arrangement. 8. The number of hills and panicle per m²had high positive correlation with grain yield, but other yield components had negative correlations with yield under both fertilization levels. And it seems that the yield increase by dense planting was due to increase in panicle number per m²

草冠形態를 달리하는 水稻品鍾의 純度의 差異에 따른 主要 實用形質의 生態的 變異

林炳琦 서울여자대학교 1978 서울여자대학논문집 Vol.- No.7

High yielding rice cultivar Suweon#264 with semi-dwarf erect canopy was compared with leading cultivar Minehikali with normal unerect canopy under the different soil fertility, spacing, and stand purity. Fertilization level(Main plot) was 10, 6 and 8kg/10a of N, P₂O?? and K₂O for standard fertilization, whereas 15, 9 and 12kg/10a of N, P₂O?? and K₂O was for heavy ferilization. For the spacing (split plot), inter-row space was constant in 30cm and intra-row space was divided in 10cm, 15cm and 20cm. For the classifying of stand purity (split split plot) Suweon#264 and Minehikali was mixed in the volume ratio of 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 50 : 50, 25 : 75 and 0 : 100. 1. Growth Culm of the both cultivar became taller by the heavy fertilization, dense planting, and raising of the stand purity. Suweon#264 had the higher variation than Minehikali in culm length. Panicle of Suweon#264 became remarkably longer by the heavy fertilization and sparse planting, but those of Minehikali were little affected. When the stant purity was raised, panicles of Suweon#264 became longer and those of Minehikali beame shorter. Straw weight per hill of the both cultivars increased by the heavy fertilization, sparseplanting and raising of stand putity. Total straw weight of both cultivars par hill was increased by the heavy fertiliazation and sparse planting. It was increased by the raising of the stand purity of Minehikali. 2. Yield and yield components Grain yield per hill was increased due to the heavy fertilization, sparse planting and raising of stand purity for the both cultivars. In the pure stand there was little difference between two cultivars, but in the mixed stand Minehikali had the superior yielding ability than Suweon#264. Total grain yield per hill of the both cultivars increased by the sparse planting and heavier fertilization. Under the standard fertilization level the total grain yield of both cultivars was increased by raising the stand of Minehikali, and under the heavy fertilization level, it was increased by raising the stand of Suweon#264. panicle number per hill increased due to heavy fertilization, sparse planting and raising of stand purity. In the mixture stand Minehikali had the more panicle number than of stand purity. In the mixture stand Minehikali had the more panicle number than Suweon#264. Total panicle number per hill of the both cultivars were least in the 50 : 50 mixture plot. Suweon#264 had higher variation than Minehikali in the panicle number per hill. Grain number per panicle was decreased by the heavy fertiliztion and increased by the sparse planting. By the raising of stand purity, the grain number per panicle of Suweon#264 was increased and that of Minehikali was decreased. Suweon#264 had the higher variation than Minehikali in the grain number per hill. Filled grain percentage was reduced by the heavier fertilization and increased by the sparse planting. By the raising of stand purity, the filled grain percentage was increased for Suweon#264, and it was decreased for Minehikali. 1000 grain weight was reduced by the heavy fertilization and dense planting. By the raising of stand purity 1000 grain weight of Suweon#264 was increased, and that of Minehikali was reduced. Suweon#264 had the higher variation of 1000 grain weight than Minehikali. 1 I weight was reduced little by the heavier fertilization and it was increased by the sparse planting and raising of purity. Suweon#264 had the higher variation than Minehikali for 11 weight.

加里, 燐酸 및 石灰 施用量의 差異가 大豆의 生育 및 收量에 미치는 影響

李因敦,安容泰,林炳琦 서울여자대학교 1979 서울여자대학논문집 Vol.- No.8

In order to investigate the effects of P, K, and Ca fertilization on the growth and yield of late sown soybean, cultivar Clark # 36 was examined with 9 different fertilization levels by the randomized block design replicated 4 times under the field and pot conditions, and following results were obtained. 1. Growth in field and pot conditions a. The highest stem and canopy were observed at the level of 4 to 8㎏/10a for the P, and K fertilization under the condition of lime application. b. The stem and canopy were higher in the field condition than in the pot condition. c. The P, K fertilization of 4 to 8㎏/10a was effective for the branch growth under the condition of Ca application. d. The P, K and Ca fertilization did not affect the number of brancesh, diameter of stem, and number of nodes on main stem. e. The longer branch, the thicker stem, the more number of branches and nodes on main stem were observed in the pot trial than in the field trial. 2. Dry matter production in field condition a. The leaf to stem ratio was not affected by the P, K, and Ca fertilization. b. D.M. wt. was increased in accodance with increasing the fertilization level of P, K under the condition of lime application. c. SLA and LAI were increased by the increase of the P, and K fertilization level under liming condition. d. CGR, RGR and NAR were increased in accordance with increasing the P, K, level up to 8㎏/10 a under the liming condition. e. The amounts of N, P, and K absorbed during the growing period were also increased due to increase of the P, K level up to 4 to 8㎏/10a a under the condition of lime fertilization. 3. Yield and yield components in field and pot trial a. The stem wt. was increased by the increasing of P, K level up to 8 ㎏/10a under the condition of liming. b. The pod weight and grain weight were increased by the increasing of P, K fertilization level up to 4 to 8㎏/10a with liming. c. The effect of P, K on the stem grain percentage couldn't be recognized. The stem grain percentage was higher in the pot trial than in the field trial. d. The pod number per plant was increased in accordance with increasing of the P, K fertilization level with liming. The more pod number per plant was obtained from the pot trial compared with the field trial. e. The number of ovules per pod was not affected by the fertilization. The more ovules per pod was obtained from the pot culture compared with the field culture. f. The grain number per plant was increased by the P, and K fertilization of 4 to 8㎏/10a with liming. The more grain number per plant was obtained from the pot condition compared with the field condition. g. The ripend seed percentage was highest at 4 to 8㎏/10a of the P, and K fertilization level. It was higher in the pot condition than in the field condition. h. The 100 grain weight was also increased by the P, and K fertilization of 4 to 8㎏/10a. It was heavier in the field condition than in the pot condition. i. There was a tendency that soybean plants need an ample supply of balanced nutrient elements (not single element only) for the yield increase.

미곡 저장단백질의 변이와 유전

임병기 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1990 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.1 No.-

인류가 벼를 재배하게된 이래 육종행위는 지속되어 왔으나 체계화된 육종은 20세기에 접어들면서 활발하여졌다. 특히 미질 향상은 주요 육종목표이기는 하였으나 관심이 고조된 것은 근래의 일이다. 쌀 저장 단백질의 개량도 미질 개량의 일환으로 오랫동안 이루어져 왔으나 단백질의 성질, 존재상태, 각 단백질의 영앙평가가 분명치 못하여 진보가 더디었다. 최근 수년동안 protein body I, II의 실재와 쌀 저장 단백질의 존재부위가 밝혀졌다. PB-II에 집적되어 있는 주요한 단백질은 glutelin이고 20kDa과 40kDa의 polypeptide로 구성되어 있따. PB-I에 집적되어 있는 단백질은 13kDa의 polypeptide가 주성분이고 prolamin이다. 쌀 단백질의 10~20%는 prolamin이고 PB-I의 단백질이 전 단백질의 20%나 되는 것이 밝혀졌다. 쌀단백질의 개량점으로 PB-II 단백질의 증대, PB-I의 함량감소 및 PB-I 단백질 조성과 소화성의 개선이 제기되었다. SDS-PAGE 분석결과 또는 PB-I 단백질조성의 변이체에는 13b-L(13b결실계통), 10/13a-L(13a, 16kDa, l0kDa결실계통), 10/16-H(13b결실 및 16kDa과 10kDa 증가계통) 등이 있었고 PB-II polypeptide 조성의 변이체에는 57-H(57kDa증가 및 40kDa과 20kDa 감소계통) 등이 발견되었다. 이들 돌연변이체는 단일열성유전자들에 의해 지배되는 것으로 나타났다. 이들 유전자는 13b-L에 대해서는 esp-1, 57-H에 대해서는 esp-2, 10/13a-L에 대해서는 esp-3, 그리고 10/16H에 대해서는 Esp-4로 명명되었다. 이들 유전자의 좌승염색체는 trisomic분석 결과 esp-1은 염색체10에, esp-2는 염색체9, esp-3은 염색체9에 좌승되어 있고 특히 57kDa polypeptide에 관한 변이체에는 복수의 유전자가 존재하는 것이 밝혀졌다. 이들 돌연변이 계통의 탐색은 쌀 저장단백질 개량에 필수불가결한 육종소재를 제공하여 줄 것이다. The recent studies on the variation in the two type of protein bodies in rice endosperm and genetic analysis of rice storage proteins were reviewed. This review was aimed to get the recent information available for the qualitative improvement of rice storge protein. The major storage protein in rice starch endosperm is an acid/or alkaline soluble protein (glutelin). Salt and alcohol soluble proteins (globulin and prolamin) are present in relatively low ammounts in rice endospesm. The rice glutelin is composd of two kinds of acidic and basic subunits with MWs of about 40, and 20 respectively and exist in PB-II, while rice prolamin consists of one major polypeptide component with MW13.000, and is deposited in PB-I. PB-I is nutritionally inferior to PB-II, and accounts for 20%~25% of total rice endosperm proteins. The direction of breeding for qualitative improvement of rice storage proteins should be foccussed not only on increasing the content of protein present in PB-II, but also on reducing the proteins in PB-I. Moreover, emphasis should be placed on changing the physiochemical properties of PB-1 to increase its digestibility. Two mutants for rice storage protein in the starch endosperm, 13-L and 57-H are controlled by single recessive gene, which were designated esp-1 and esp-2 respectively. The SDS-PAGE indicates that both mutant genes are regulatory genes for the protein bodies. The results of trisomic analysis suggested that esp-1 and esp-2 are located on chromosomes 10 and 9 respectively. Furtherwore, it was suggested that 57-H type were controlled by the multiple genes. The mutants 10/13a-L and 10/16-H are controlled by the single recessive gene and single dominant gene respectively, which were designated as esp-3 and Esp-4, and showed the maternal inheritance. By the trisomic analysis esp-3 is located on chromosome 9. The chromosome location of Esp-4 has not been determined yet.