http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Relativistic jet activity from the tidal disruption of a star by a massive black hole
Burrows, D. N.,Kennea, J. A.,Ghisellini, G.,Mangano, V.,Zhang, B.,Page, K. L.,Eracleous, M.,Romano, P.,Sakamoto, T.,Falcone, A. D.,Osborne, J. P.,Campana, S.,Beardmore, A. P.,Breeveld, A. A.,Chester, Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2011 Nature Vol.476 No.7361
Supermassive black holes have powerful gravitational fields with strong gradients that can destroy stars that get too close, producing a bright flare in ultraviolet and X-ray spectral regions from stellar debris that forms an accretion disk around the black hole. The aftermath of this process may have been seen several times over the past two decades in the form of sparsely sampled, slowly fading emission from distant galaxies, but the onset of the stellar disruption event has not hitherto been observed. Here we report observations of a bright X-ray flare from the extragalactic transient Swift J164449.3+573451. This source increased in brightness in the X-ray band by a factor of at least 10,000 since 1990 and by a factor of at least 100 since early 2010. We conclude that we have captured the onset of relativistic jet activity from a supermassive black hole. A companion paper comes to similar conclusions on the basis of radio observations. This event is probably due to the tidal disruption of a star falling into a supermassive black hole, but the detailed behaviour differs from current theoretical models of such events.
Christian Burrows 아시아테플 2022 The Journal of Asia TEFL Vol.19 No.2
In order to investigate strategic language reliance during the management of communication problems, a three-month quasi-experimental study was undertaken in the instruction of 12 wide-ranging communication strategies. Observed interactions of 41 Japanese foreign language learners aimed to assess the relationship between communication strategies and their application during authentic interaction. The findings based on quantitative analysis of the interactions reveal increased use of interaction and reduction-based strategies improved learners’ communicative language ability as measured by a reduction in non-lexicalised pauses. Additionally, qualitative assessment indicates Japanese learners’ selection process in communication strategy reliance is influenced by sociocultural factors prevalent in Japan. Finally, pedagogical application of strategic language instruction is set out to provide EFL Japanese learners with more opportunity to develop productive vocabulary and communication strategy proficiency in order to raise their socio-pragmatic awareness of L2 interactional conventions.
Experimental Characterisation of a Biologically Inspired 3D Steering Needle
Christopher Burrows,Riccardo Secoli,Ferdinando Rodriguez y Baena 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10
Percutaneous intervention is a popular minimally invasive surgical technique, as it offers many potential advantages for the patient. Research efforts to date have focussed on improving the accuracy and applicability of this procedure through robotic control, in particular with the application of needle steering systems. Previously, we demonstrated two-dimensional (2D) steering within gelatine, with a prototype of a novel biologically inspired multi-segment needle, the STING. Then, a novel ‘programmable bevel’ concept, where the steering angle of the needle is a function of the offset between segments, was used to control the trajectory taken within the steering plane. This paper presents our first attempt to demonstrate controllable three-dimensional (3D) steering with a new four-segment prototype of the STING. We show that an approximately linear relationship exists between segment offset and curvature of the tip path for a single leading segment, as well as for two segments which are moved forward of the others by an equal amount. This characterisation is then demonstrated with 3D open loop experiments, which show that the established behaviour is applicable for controlled 3D steering along eight principal directions.
Stephen Burrows,Lola Halperin,Eric Nemec,Wendy Romney 한국보건의료인국가시험원 2022 보건의료교육평가 Vol.19 No.-
Training programs must be designed to prepare physical and occupational therapy students to use electronic health records (EHRs) and interprofessional collaboration. This report aims to describe physical and occupational therapy students’ perceptions of integrating an academic EHR (AEHR) in their problem-based learning (PBL) curricula in the College of Health Professions, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, Connecticut, the United States. A paper-based case approach to PBL was adapted by creating patient cases in an AEHR. Students were asked to complete chart reviews and review provider notes to enhance their learning. An online survey was conducted to determine their perceptions of using AEHR from May 2014 to August 2015. Eighty-five students completed the survey, and 88.1% felt that using an AEHR was needed, and 82.4% felt that the additional notes enhanced their understanding of the interdisciplinary team. However, 83.5% reported the AEHR system increased the time needed to extract meaningful information. Incorporating an AEHR into curricula is essential to ensure students are adequately prepared for future patient interactions.