Induced quadrupolar singlet ground state of praseodymium in a modulated pyrochlore

van Duijn, J.,Kim, K. H.,Hur, N.,Ruiz-Bustos, R.,Adroja, D. T.,Bridges, F.,Daoud-Aladine, A.,Fernandez-Alonso, F.,Wen, J. J.,Kearney, V.,Huang, Q. Z.,Cheong, S.-W.,Perring, T. G.,Broholm, C. American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review B Vol.96 No.9

<P>The complex structure and magnetism of Pr2-xBixRu2O7 was investigated by neutron scattering and extended x-ray absorption fine structure. Pr has an approximate doublet ground state and the first excited state is a singlet. While the B-site (Ru) is well ordered throughout, this is not the case for the A-site (Pr/Bi). A broadened distribution for the Pr-O-2 bond length at low temperature indicates the Pr environment varies from site to site even for x = 0. The environment about the Bi site is highly disordered ostensibly due to the 6s lone pairs on Bi3+. Correspondingly, we find that the non-Kramers doublet ground-state degeneracy, otherwise anticipated for Pr in the pyrochlore structure, is lifted so as to produce a quadrupolar singlet ground statewith a spatially varying energy gap. For x = 0, below TN, the Ru sublattice orders antiferromagnetically, with propagation vector k = (0,0,0) as forY(2)Ru(2)O(7). No ordering associated with the Pr sublattice is observed down to 100 mK. The low-energy magnetic response of Pr2-xBixRu2O7 features a broad spectrum of magnetic excitations associated with inhomogeneous splitting of the Pr quasidoublet ground state. For x = 0 (x = 0.97), the spectrum is temperature dependent (independent). It appears disorder associated with Bi alloying enhances the inhomogeneous Pr crystal-field level splitting so that intersite interactions become irrelevant for x = 0.97. The structural complexity for the A-site may be reflected in the hysteretic uniform magnetization of B-site ruthenium in the Neel phase.</P>

Executive Summary of IPITA-TTS Opinion Leaders Report on the Future of &bgr;-Cell Replacement

Markmann, James F.,Bartlett, Stephen T.,Johnson, Paul,Korsgren, Olle,Hering, Bernhard J.,Scharp, David,Kay, Thomas W. H.,Bromberg, Jonathan,Odorico, Jon S.,Weir, Gordon C.,Bridges, Nancy,Kandaswamy, R Williams & Wilkins Co 2016 Transplantation Vol.100 No.7

SUMMARY: The International Pancreas and Islet Transplant Association (IPITA), in conjunction with the Transplantation Society (TTS), convened a workshop to consider the future of pancreas and islet transplantation in the context of potential competing technologies that are under development, including the artificial pancreas, transplantation tolerance, xenotransplantation, encapsulation, stem cell derived beta cells, beta cell proliferation, and endogenous regeneration. Separate workgroups for each topic and then the collective group reviewed the state of the art, hurdles to application, and proposed research agenda for each therapy that would allow widespread application. Herein we present the executive summary of this workshop that focuses on obstacles to application and the research agenda to overcome them; the full length article with detailed background for each topic is published as an online supplement to Transplantation.

Report from IPITA-TTS Opinion Leaders Meeting on the Future of &bgr;-Cell Replacement

Bartlett, Stephen T.,Markmann, James F.,Johnson, Paul,Korsgren, Olle,Hering, Bernhard J.,Scharp, David,Kay, Thomas W. H.,Bromberg, Jonathan,Odorico, Jon S.,Weir, Gordon C.,Bridges, Nancy,Kandaswamy, R Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. 2016 Transplantation Vol.100 No.2

Apparent metabolizable energy, growth performance and carcass traits of Japanese quail fed select modern grain sorghum varieties

Moritz A. H.,Krombeen S. K.,Presgraves J.,Blair M. E.,Buresh R. E.,Bridges W. C.,Arguelles-Ramos M.,Wilmoth T. A. 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.12

Objective: This study was performed to determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) content of tannin-free red/bronze, white/tan and U.S. No. 2 varieties of grain sorghum for feeding Japanese quail and validate their nutrient profile by evaluating effects on performance and carcass traits with full-substitution of corn. Methods: Experiment 1 determined the AMEn content of red/bronze, white/tan, and U.S. No. 2 grain sorghum varieties fed to mixed-sex Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) (n = 314) at 3 and 6-weeks of age. Analyses were based on a 2×4 factorial treatment design with age and grain types defining the treatments, and a randomized complete block experiment design with cage and trials defining the block. AMEn values were validated by evaluating the performance and carcass traits of Japanese quail (n = 644) from 1 to 40 days of age in Experiment 2 with birds were fed 1 of 4 complete diets. Statistical analyses were conducted on performance data and select individual carcass trait measurements. Results: Determined AMEn values at 3-weeks of age were 3,524±122.03 (red/bronze), 3,252± 122.03 (white/tan), and 3,039±123.44 (U.S. No. 2) kcal/kg. At 6-weeks of age, determined AMEn were 3,373±297.35 (red/bronze), 3,279±297.35 (white/tan), and 2,966±298.64 (U.S. No. 2) kcal/kg. Carcass traits showed live body weight (p = 0.0409) and hot carcass weight (p = 0.0234) were greatest in U.S. No. 2; however, carcass yield (p<0.0001) was lowest. No significant differences were observed among treatments for feed intake, feed conversion ratio, breast weight and breast yield (p>0.05). Conclusion: These studies demonstrated that tannin-free grain sorghum varieties may be a potential alternative to corn in quail diets while maintaining growth performance and carcass parameters. Objective: This study was performed to determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AME_n) content of tannin-free red/bronze, white/tan and U.S. No. 2 varieties of grain sorghum for feeding Japanese quail and validate their nutrient profile by evaluating effects on performance and carcass traits with full-substitution of corn.Methods: Experiment 1 determined the AME_n content of red/bronze, white/tan, and U.S. No. 2 grain sorghum varieties fed to mixed-sex Japanese quail (<i>Coturnix japonica</i>) (n = 314) at 3 and 6-weeks of age. Analyses were based on a 2×4 factorial treatment design with age and grain types defining the treatments, and a randomized complete block experiment design with cage and trials defining the block. AME_n values were validated by evaluating the performance and carcass traits of Japanese quail (n = 644) from 1 to 40 days of age in Experiment 2 with birds were fed 1 of 4 complete diets. Statistical analyses were conducted on performance data and select individual carcass trait measurements.Results: Determined AME_n values at 3-weeks of age were 3,524±122.03 (red/bronze), 3,252±122.03 (white/tan), and 3,039±123.44 (U.S. No. 2) kcal/kg. At 6-weeks of age, determined AME_n were 3,373±297.35 (red/bronze), 3,279±297.35 (white/tan), and 2,966±298.64 (U.S. No. 2) kcal/kg. Carcass traits showed live body weight (p = 0.0409) and hot carcass weight (p = 0.0234) were greatest in U.S. No. 2; however, carcass yield (p<0.0001) was lowest. No significant differences were observed among treatments for feed intake, feed conversion ratio, breast weight and breast yield (p>0.05).Conclusion: These studies demonstrated that tannin-free grain sorghum varieties may be a potential alternative to corn in quail diets while maintaining growth performance and carcass parameters.

RADIO JET FEEDBACK AND STAR FORMATION IN HEAVILY OBSCURED, HYPERLUMINOUS QUASARS AT REDSHIFTS ∼ 0.5-3. I. ALMA OBSERVATIONS

Lonsdale, Carol J.,Lacy, M.,Kimball, A. E.,Blain, A.,Whittle, M.,Wilkes, B.,Stern, D.,Condon, J.,Kim, M.,Assef, R. J.,Tsai, C.-W.,Efstathiou, A.,Jones, S.,Eisenhardt, P.,Bridge, C.,Wu, J.,Lonsdale, Co IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.813 No.1

<P>We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 870 mu m (345 GHz) data for 49 high-redshift (0.47 < z < 2.85), luminous (11.7 < log(L-bol/L-circle dot) < 14.2) radio-powerful active galactic nuclei (AGNs), obtained to constrain cool dust emission from starbursts concurrent with highly obscured radiative-mode black hole (BH) accretion in massive galaxies that possess a small radio jet. The sample was selected from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with extremely steep (red) mid-infrared colors and with compact radio emission from NVSS/FIRST. Twenty-six sources are detected at 870 mu m, and we find that the sample has large mid- to far-infrared luminosity ratios, consistent with a dominant and highly obscured quasar. The rest-frame 3 GHz radio powers are 24.7 < log P-3.0 GHz/W Hz(-1)) < 27.3, and all sources are radio-intermediate or radio-loud. BH mass estimates are 7.7 < log(M-BH/M-circle dot) < 10.2. The rest-frame 1-5 mu m spectral energy distributions are very similar to the 'Hot DOGs' (hot dust-obscured galaxies), and steeper (redder) than almost any other known extragalactic sources. ISM masses estimated for the ALMA-detected sources are 9.9 < log (M-ISM/M-circle dot) < 11.75 assuming a dust temperature of 30 K. The cool dust emission is consistent with star formation rates reaching several thousand M-circle dot yr(-1), depending on the assumed dust temperature, but we cannot rule out the alternative that the AGN powers all the emission in some cases. Our best constrained source has radiative transfer solutions with approximately equal contributions from an obscured AGN and a young (10-15 Myr) compact starburst.</P>